Emhlabeni wonke kunezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-jellyfish, ezinye eziyingozi kakhulu kunezinye. Kuya i-jellyfish eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni Yaziwa ngokuthi i-caravel yesiPutukezi. Igama layo lesayensi ngu I-Physalia physalis futhi inezici eziyenza ihluke.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana ne-jellyfish eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, izici zayo, ingozi kanye ne-biology.
I-jellyfish eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni
Nakuba ngokuvamile edidekile, i-Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) ayiyona i-jellyfish. Ukuhlukaniswa kwayo kusitshela ukuthi iyi-polyp (i-hydra, inyoka yasemanzini evela eGreece, kanye ne-zoo, isilwane). Iwuhlobo lwe-Cnidaria phylum, ehlala emanzini, ikakhulukazi yasolwandle, futhi enomlando weminyaka eminingi.
I-Physalia physalis Iwuhlobo olungavamile, olungaziwa kakhulu futhi olungajwayelekile emabhishi. Nokho, ingabe amakharaveli amaPutukezi ayingozi kubantu? Ingenye yezinhlobo eziyingozi kakhulu ezikhona ngenxa yokuthi ubuthi obugcina emangqamuzaneni ayo ahlabayo bunamandla kangangokuthi bungabulala izingane ngisho nabantu abadala ngenxa yokushaqeka kwe-anaphylactic. I-Portuguese man-of-war isikhumbuza i-jellyfish, kokubili ngokubukeka kwayo kanye nokuluma kwayo.
Izici eziyinhloko
Le pseudomedusa iyingxenye yeplankton ye-gelatinous eyakhiwe iqembu lezinto eziphilayo ezihlobene ekoloni, enezigaba ezihlukene zokusebenza ukuze kube lula ukusinda kwekoloni lonke. Lezi ezinye zezici eziyinhloko ze-caravel yesiPutukezi:
- Mayelana ne-morphology yale nhlangano yamakoloni, izingxenye zomzimba wayo zintanta unomphela emanzini, ikakhulukazi esinyeni esinsomi, esipinki, noma esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, esigcwele igesi. Kule ngxenye kukhona nezimbobo ezincane ezivumela ukutholwa komoya-mpilo kusatshalaliswe kulo lonke ikoloni ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yamapayipi. Lokhu kumiswa kuvumela ukuba ihanjiswe ngamaza olwandle nomoya, kuyilapho wonke umzimba uhlala ungaphansi kwamanzi.
- Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuhlukaniswa komzimba wayo kwayinikeza ukubonakala okufana nesikebhe sikaseyili, yingakho igama layo: i-caravel yesiPutukezi noma i-frigate yesiPutukezi.
- Ukwengezwa kulokhu, ineminwe noma amatende angafinyelela kumamitha angama-50 noma ngaphezulu, ezingasetshenziswa kokubili ukuze zizivikele ezilwaneni ezizingelayo nokubamba inyamazane.
- Njengenhlangano yamakoloni, akuzona izilwane ezinobuchopho.
- I-Physalia physalis inesimiso sokugaya ukudla esakhiwa ama-polyp amaningana abizwa ngokuthi ama-celiacs, futhi ngaphakathi kwawo ane-alimentary polyp, engumsunguli wekoloni.
- Eceleni kwe-polyp kukhona umqhele wesitho sangasese obhekene nokukhiqiza amaseli amasha abizwa ngokuthi ama-gametes. Ama-gamete colonies avelayo ehlela phansi olwandle, lapho anamathela khona futhi aqhubeke nokukhulula lawa maseli ocansi. Uma kwenzeka ukuvundiswa, i-polyp iyakhula futhi ikhuphukele phezulu ngokunqwabelana kwe-lipid.
- Ngokuqondene nokuba khona kwayo, lezi zinhlobo zitholakale ezindaweni ezithile zaseSpain, njengeziqhingi zaseCanary, ikakhulukazi phakathi nezinyanga zikaJanuwari noFebruwari, futhi zingase zivele ngezikhathi ezithile ngoMashi. Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo luvame ukuhlala emakoloni emanzini ashisayo nangaphansi kwezindawo ezishisayo ezindaweni ezifana nogu lwe-Atlantic, iFlorida Keys, iGulf of Mexico, iCaribbean noma i-Indian Ocean.
Ukulunywa kwe-jellyfish eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni
Njengoba sesishilo, indoda yempi yasePutukezi iyingozi ngoba amangqamuzana awo ahlabayo akhiqiza ubuthi obungagcini nje ngokubangela. i-neurotoxicity, i-cytotoxicity kanye ne-cardiotoxicity ukuze inyamazane, kodwa nabantu noma ezinye izilwane ezithintwa ukuhlangana. Bangasibulala uma isiluma. Lokhu kulunywa kwenzeka njengendlela yokuzivikela ezenzakalelayo lapho amaPutukezi ebona usongo.
Ngokuqondene nezimpawu ezihlabayo zendoda yempi yasePutukezi, kunohlu olubanzi kakhulu lobunzima. Izimpawu ezithambile, njengokushiswa nokuluma endaweni lapho ukuluma kwenzeka, zingabangela ngisho nokungezwani okunamandla okungaholela ekushayweni kwe-anaphylactic nokufa. Izimpawu ezibucayi kakhulu ubuhlungu obukhulu, isicanucanu esiqhubekayo, ukuhlanza, imfiva, ngisho nokufa.
Uma ungakaze uhlangabezane nokuluma kwe-jellyfish eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni, kunconywa lezi zenzo ezilandelayo:
- Okokuqala, Phuma emanzini ngokushesha.
- Lapho-ke ngiyazi kufanele ugeze isilonda esibangelwa ukuluma ngamanzi olwandle, uviniga noma utshwala, ngaphandle kokuhlikihla, ukuqaphela kakhulu ukususa noma yiziphi izinsalela zetende ezingase zihlale esikhumbeni.
- Ungalokothi usebenzise amanzi ahlanzekile ukwelapha udosi njengoba kunemiphumela emibi engabhebhethekisa imiphumela. Futhi, uma kungenzeka, kungcono ukusebenzisa amanzi ashisayo esikhundleni samanzi abandayo.
- Ekugcineni, Kufanele uye ekamelweni lezimo eziphuthumayo noma udokotela ukuze ahlole ukulimala kanye nemiphumela yako. I-Cortisone cream ngokuvamile iyanconywa.
Ukusabalalisa, indawo yokuhlala kanye ne-curiosities
Kuyinto engavamile ukubona ukuba khona kwalezi jellyfish ezindaweni ezipholile nezibandayo. Ngokuvamile zitholakala ku izifunda ezishisayo nezishisayo zasePacific, Indian, kanye nezingxenye zoLwandlekazi i-Atlantic. Lawa ma-polyp awavamile eMedithera, nakuba angabonakala ngasogwini lwaseSpain, lapho kunezilwane ezidla ezinye ezimbalwa. Izilinganiso zalezi zidalwa zifinyelela cishe izibonelo eziyinkulungwane, futhi kunokuncika okukhulu phakathi kwazo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphila.
Naphezu kobudlova bayo, i-Portuguese man-of-war inezinhlobonhlobo zezilwane ezidla ezinye, phakathi kwazo esingabala ngazo imisebe ye-manta, izimfudu zasolwandle, i-Glaucus atlanticus slugs kanye ne-sunfish (ephinde ibhekwe njengezinhlanzi ezisinda kakhulu emhlabeni, ezinesisindo esilinganiselwe se-1000kg) . Ebukhoneni balezi zidalwa, i-caravel iyakwazi ukukhipha isikhwama sayo esikhethekile, izivumele ukuba ishone phansi olwandle, inikeze umbono wokuthi ifile.
Ngokufanayo, Kunezinye izidalwa ezingahlala ndawonye ngokuvumelana ngokuphelele nobuthi bale jellyfish. Eduze kwamathente ayo singathola i-clown fish, engavikelekile ngenxa yolwelwesi lwamafinyila ezungeze isikhumba sayo, noma i-Nomeus gronovii, ebudlelwane bayo obuseduze ne-man-of-war yenze yabizwa ngokuthi yi-Portuguese man-of-war. izinhlanzi. Noma yiziphi zalezi zilwane zivikelekile ezilwaneni ezidla ezinye ngamathende e-caravel, okwenza zikwazi ukuheha ezinye izinhlanzi ezenza ukudla kwazo.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana ne-jellyfish eyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni kanye nezici zayo.