Ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwamagesi angcolisayo ezimotweni nasemigwaqweni yamadolobha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlangabezana nezinhloso zesivumelwano saseParis. Ngakho-ke, njengoba uguquko lwamandla luqhubeka, kuyadingeka ukukhulisa ukusebenza kahle ngokwengeziwe.
Kwakhiwe umshini onamandla wokunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ngo-15% futhi wehlise ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 ngama-20%. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi ngalobu buchwepheshe obusha?
Isikhuthazi esisha
Lo mshini wenziwe abeluleki bezemvelo eSpain abathuthukisa ukushisa kwezimoto. Le nkampani ibizwa nge-O3 Protect it futhi unguchwepheshe ekwakhiweni kokuhlaziywa okuqhathaniswayo ekulawuleni ukukhishwa kwegesi engcolisayo emkhathini. Uhlala njalo efuna ukuphucula ukushisa kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezinjini, zombili udizili nophethiloli.
Ngenxa yalesi sikhombisi, kungenzeka ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwe-CO20 ezimotweni zikadizili kuze kufike ku-2% kanye ne-nitrogen oxides (NOX) nge-15-20%. Izinhlayiya ezingcolisayo zosayizi 2,5mm ziyingozi kakhulu empilweni futhi le divayisi iyakwazi ukunciphisa lezi zinhlayiya kuze kufike ku-80%.
Lokhu kufinyelelwa ngenxa yokuthi lapho uphethiloli ongashisiwe uhlala ezinjini zikaphethiloli, isisusa sikwazi ukuncibilikisa izinsalela zikaphethiloli cishe ngokuphelele. Lokhu kunciphisa izinga le-carbon monoxide exoshwa epayipini lokukhipha uhhafu ngesigamu.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, le divayisi entsha inesilinda se-aluminium efakwe kushubhu lokuphakelwa kukaphethiloli, ngaphakathi, eligcina ingxube yamaminerali esebenzayo evumela ukwenziwa komlilo kaphethiloli noma ukuqhuma.
Ukuthuthukiswa komlilo
Njengoba uphethiloli udlula ku-catalyst uhlangana ne-reactant futhi ususe ugesi we-static kwi-hydrocarbon. Uma lokhu kwenzeka ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali, inqubo ye-catalysis iyashesha, ngakho-ke amandla amancane adingekayo ukuze kwenzeke.
Ngakho-ke, uthola uphethiloli ngomlilo ohlanzekile futhi osebenza kahle cishe cishe ngama-95% wokonga uphethiloli, okuholela ekwehliseni ukungcola okungcolisa umoya.
Le divayisi ayikwazi nje kuphela ukwenza ngcono ukushisa nokunciphisa ukukhishwa, kepha ngokushisa uphethiloli omningi phakathi nenqubo, inika amandla amaningi kunjini yemoto.
Le catalyst ingafakwa kunoma iyiphi injini esebenzisa uphethiloli, kungaba izithuthuthu, izimoto, amaveni, amabhasi, amaloli, njll. Ngaphezu kokukwazi ukusetshenziselwa okokusebenza emikhakheni yezimboni njengaleyo ezinikele ekukhipheni uketshezi, ukuchelela, izishisi nama-cranes.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomoya
Ukungcoliswa komoya kuyinkinga ethinta kakhulu abantu baseSpain, ngenxa yokuthi inani labantu liqhubeka nokukhula. Ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni zamadolobha amakhulu, kunenqwaba yezimoto ezinqwabelana ezikhipha amagesi emkhathini.
Ngokunikezwa izinzuzo ezinikezwa yile divayisi yi- ukunweba isikhathi sokusebenziseka kwezimoto ezindala, ngoba, ngokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi engcolisayo, bangaphinda bathole izimvume zokujikeleza enkabeni yeMadrid (ngokwesibonelo), noma badlulise i-ITV.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwalesi sikhombisi kufaka isandla Uhlelo Lwekhwalithi Yomoya A yamukelwa uhulumeni kamasipala waseMadrid ngoSepthemba odlule, okubandakanya phakathi kwezinyathelo zayo ukuvuselelwa kwemikhumbi ejikelezayo yamanje yezimoto, ngokushintshwa okuqhubekayo kwezimoto ezinezimoto.
Phakathi kwezinhloso zale Air Quality Plan sithola ukuthi kunqunyelwe ukusakazwa kwawo wonke umasipala ngonyaka ka-2025 kuzo zonke lezo zimoto ezingcolisa kakhulu. Lokhu kuzoholela ekubeni kube nenkinga kubo bonke labo bashayeli abanezimoto ezindala futhi okuzofanele babekelwe imingcele ekuhambeni kwabo.
Kuzo zonke lezi zizathu, i-catalyst eyenziwe yi-O3 Protégeme iyithuluzi elihle lezemvelo elikwazi ukwelula impilo ewusizo yezimoto ezindala, lizisize ukwehlisa ukukhishwa kwazo, kwezinye izimo, kube ngaphansi kwemoto entsha.