Esinye sezilwane zasemanzini esibonakala ngokwethula izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuziphatha ngokuya ngesigaba esibalulekile esitholakala kuso cnidarians. Lezi yizilwane ezikwazi ukuguqula amafomu azo ngokuya ngezigaba zempilo yazo. Lapha kufakwe eqenjini le-jellyfish kanye namakhorali abaluleke kakhulu ekusimeni kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo nolwandle.
Kule ndatshana sizokutshela zonke izici, umjikelezo wempilo nezinhlobo zama-cnidarians.
Izici eziyinhloko zama-cnidarians
AmaCnidarians yizinto eziphila emanzini, iningi lazo olwandle olwenza i-phylum Cnidaria. Ngaphakathi kwalomngcele kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-10.000 XNUMX. Bayizilwane zasendulo impela njengoba bekwazile ukuthola izinsalela ezithile zesikhathi sakwa-Ordovician. I-Jellyfish yizinhlobo ezinhle zokuphila zasendulo, kepha ezikwazi ukuthuthukisa nokuzivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukahlukene zemvelo ukuze zisinde namuhla.
Ake sibone ukuthi yiziphi izici eziyinhloko zama-cnidarians. Ziyizinto eziphilayo eziseBhayibhelini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umzimba wakhiwa izingqimba zombungu ezimbili zamaseli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sine-ectoderm ngakolunye i-endoderm. Ziyaziwa futhi ngamagama we-epidermis ne-gastrodermis. Isithako se-gelatinous sitholakala ngaphakathi futhi saziwa njenge-mesoglea. I-mesoglea ibonakala kakhulu kwi-jellyfish, ngoba iyabonakala.
Iningi lalezi zinto eziphilayo zinesilinganiso se-radial elenza izingxenye zalo zihlelwe zizungeze iphuzu elimaphakathi. Ziyizinto eziphilayo ezidla kakhulu ama-crustaceans, yize kukhona nezinye izinhlobo zezinambuzane. Umgogodla womzimba wama-cnidarians uxhunywe ngaphandle ngomlomo ozungezwe izintambo. Lezi zinguquko zisetshenziselwa ukubamba inyamazane yazo noma ukuzivikela ekuhlaselweni yizilwane ezidlayo.
Olunye uhlobo oluvame kakhulu kule phylum ngamakhorali. Kulokhu, baveza ulwelwe olwenza i-photosynthesis futhi luyinikeze ikhabhoni edingekayo. Iningi lalezi zinto zinemijikelezo eyinkimbinkimbi yokuzala. Kungakho akha ama-morphologies ahlukahlukene kuzo zonke lezi zigaba. Bafaka ezinye izigaba lapho bekhiqiza khona i-asexual nezinye lapho bezala khona ngokocansi. Okokugcina kwenzeka ngokuzala lapho abesilisa nabesifazane bekhipha khona ama-gametes abo. Benza kukholamu lamanzi bese behlangana bakhiqize izibungu ezincane.
Incazelo yama-cnidarians
Lezi zidalwa zinesikhathi sokuphila esihlukahluka kakhulu. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwezinhlobo zezilwane esikhuluma ngazo, amathemba okuphila ahluke kakhulu angenzeka. Lokho okungohlobo lwe-polyp kuphila cishe nge-10 kuphela, kanti ezinye izibaya ezisemifuleni zingaphila iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-4.000. Isici esibenza baphile isikhathi eside ukuthi bangakwazi ukuvuselela imizimba yabo.
AmaCnidarians awanazo izitho ezikhethekile zokuphefumula nezingaphandle. Noma kunjalo, banesistimu yezinzwa ebasiza ukuba babone konke okuzungezile. Esinye sezici eziyinhloko lo mkhawulo omele amaseli aso ahlabayo. Zaziwa ngegama lama-cnidocyte futhi zisetshenziselwa ukuzondla nokuzivikela. Lapho i-cnidocyte ithola uchungechunge lwezinto ezishukumisayo, kungaba ngamakhemikhali noma ngomshini, ziyasetshenzwa ebusweni bayo bese kukhishwa intambo elayishwe izinto ezinobuthi. Intambo ayisebenziseki futhi, ngakho-ke ungayisebenzisa kanye.
Umgodi wayo wokugaya ukudla ubizwa ngokuthi isela. Kuleli thumbu kukhona isisu, umphimbo namathumbu. Kukhona womabili ama-cnidarians ahambayo kanti amanye ashubile ngokuphelele. Lokhu kusho ukuthi azikwazi ukunyakaza nokuthi zinamathiselwe ku-substrate impilo yonke.
Izinhlobo zama-cnidarians
Ake sibone ukuthi ukuhlukaniswa okuyinhloko kwalezi zinto eziphilayo. Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 zamakilasi ama-cnidarians: IHydrozoa, iCubozoa, iSypyphozoa, ne-Anthozoa.
Isigaba se-Hydrozoa
Lapha sithola izilwane eziningi ezidla ezinye. Imvamisa ihlala ikakhulu emanzini amasha nasezindaweni zasolwandle. Benza amagobolondo e-calcite ukuze bazivikele futhi bahlale bodwa noma emakoloni. Zine-mesoglea engeyona eyamaselula futhi azinawo amatende emgodini wesisu. Futhi abanaso isisu, iningi lempilo yabo banohlobo lwe-polyp, yize ezinye izinhlobo zinesigaba se-jellyfish.
Isigaba Cubozoa
Babizwa ngokuthi yi-cube jellyfish. Banesistimu yezinzwa yakudala namehlo amancane. I-morphology yayo isici sokwakheka kwe-cube, yingakho igama layo. Ukulunywa kwazo kungabulala abantu futhi kungaholela ekufeni. Njengoba banempilo ende uma kuqhathaniswa, bangazala ngendlela yocansi noma yezocansi.
Isigaba Scyphozoa
Yisigaba esifaka lokho okwaziwa njenge-jellyfish yangempela. Zonke ziyizinhlobo ezihlala olwandle. Zinesigaba esifushane lapho zingama-polyps futhi zinamathiselwe ku-substrate, kuyilapho ezinye izimpilo zazo zibikwa njenge-jellyfish. Inkulu ngosayizi kune-hydrozoan jellyfish. Amanye ama-specimens angalinganisa amamitha amabili ubude. Kodwa-ke, into ejwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi banobude obuphakathi kwamasentimitha ama-2 kuye kwangama-40 nanye.
Phakathi kwezici zayo eziyinhloko sine-mesoglea yeselula kanye namathambo ekhwalithi yezithombe. Isikhathi isigaba ngasinye esihlala ngaso siyahlukahluka impela. Kukhona ezinye ezinempilo ende, kanti ezinye empeleni azikho.
Isigaba se-Anthozoa
Lokhu kufaka phakathi ama-anemones, amakhorali nezimpaphe zolwandle. Kuyisigaba esikhulu kunazo zonke kulo lonke lolu hlu lwezilwane. Inezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwezingu-6.000 ezaziwayo kanye nezinhlobo eziningi zezinsalela. Atholakala kuzo zonke izilwandle ngisho ekujuleni okukhulu. Zethula kuphela ukwakha i-polyp futhi zingaphila zombili zodwa futhi zenze amakoloni. Zibunjwe njengekholomu yomgogodla futhi zinokuphela kwe-aboral lapho zingafakwa khona ku-substrate nakwezinye iziphetho zomlomo lapho zibeka khona umlomo wazo ozungezwe izintambo. Lezi zilwane zivela kwi-septa ephelele noma engaphelele noma imilayezo esiza ukukhulisa indawo yokumunca ukuze ikwazi ukugaya ukudla okuningi.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngama-cnidarians nezici zawo.