Njengoba sazi, ukungcoliswa kwepulasitiki kuyinkinga enkulu yezemvelo emhlabeni wonke. Izigidi nezigidi zamathani zilahlwa nsuku zonke emhlabeni jikelele. Lezi zepulasitiki zigcina zisuka ezilwandle nasemifuleni futhi zingcolisa imvelo. Kubangela nokufa kwezinkulungwane zezilwane ezizingenisayo noma ezibhajwe ngengozi. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zepulasitiki kuye ngemvelaphi kanye nezinto ezenziwe ngazo. Phakathi kwabo bonke sinefayela le- Amapulasitiki e-PET. Zithathwa njengeplastiki abanobungani, kepha kufanele sazi ukuthi azinabungozi ngokuphelele.
Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela zonke izici, ukusetshenziswa nezinkinga ngama-PET plastiki.
Ayini ama-PET plastiki
Lolu hlobo lwamapulasitiki lolo olwakhiwa nge-polyethylene terephthalate. Yilapho isifinyezo sayo esiNgisini sivela khona. Ziyaziwa emhlabeni wonke ngoba zingenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kabusha ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni. Imikhiqizo eminingi iyahlanganiswa nalezi zinhlobo zezinto ngenxa yezimfanelo ezinazo. Awephuli, awabizi, awasindi, awangeni manzi futhi angavuselelwa kabusha. Leli phuzu lokugcina liyathakazelisa ngokubuka kwemvelo. Kumele sikhumbule ukuthi opulasitiki kumele baphinde basebenze kabusha ukuze bangasebenzisi izinto ezingavuthiwe ezingaphezulu.
Njengoba sazi, emhlabeni jikelele izinga lokusetshenziswa kabusha liphansi kakhulu kunelokulahla le nkunkuma. Namuhla sekulula ukukhiqiza amapulasitiki amasha kunokuphinda usebenzise amadala. Zonke lezi zinzuzo ezinamapulasitiki e-PET zikwenza kube okungcono kakhulu ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha ngokusho kweGreenpeace.
Izinkinga zeplastikhi ye-PET
Encazelweni yamapulasitiki e-PET sishilo ukuthi ayinabungozi ngempela futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa kabusha. Kodwa-ke, kulokhu kufanele sengeze inkinga engeziwe. Futhi ukuthi inempilo ende ende ewusizo. Kuthatha cishe iminyaka engama-700 ukwehlisa isithunzi. Ngokusheshiswa kwayo ekufuneni nasekukhiqizeni, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuthi le nkunkuma ingagcini njengokulahlwa emifuleni nasolwandle. Endaweni ekahle, abantu bazokwazi ukuphatha imfucuza yabo kahle kanye nokuqwashisa okuhle ngemvelo. Singawasebenzisa la mapulasitiki, siwavuselele futhi sinciphise ukusetshenziswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, sinciphise umthelela kwezemvelo. Kepha lokhu akulona neze izwe elinendawo ekahle.
Intshisekelo yezinkampani zokudla, iziphuzo nezimonyo kulokhu kubaluleke kakhulu. Yilezi zimboni ezikhiqiza iningi lomthelela wepulasitiki kwezemvelo. Ukukhiqizwa kwamabhodlela epulasitiki asuselwa kulokho kusetshenziswa uwoyela omningi. Kuthatha amalitha ayizigidi ezingama-24 ukukhiqiza amabhodlela ayi-1.000 billion nje. Ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwala mabhodlela ezinye izinto ezinobuthi kanye nezinsimbi ezisindayo, kusetshenziswa amakhemikhali nezingulube ezisemoyeni.
Ngamanye amagama, asinawo kuphela amapulasitiki angcolisa imvelo ngesikhathi senqubo yawo yokwehlisa isithunzi noma ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kwezimboni, kodwa futhi sinamapulasitiki angcolisa umoya ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa kwawo.
Ububi bokusetshenziswa kwayo
Kukhona ukwehla kokusebenzisa la mapulasitiki. Enye ingxenye ehlanganisa inkinga yamapulasitiki e-PET yile isilinganiso sayo esiphansi sokusebenzisa kabusha. Lokhu empeleni kuthinta cishe noma yiluphi uhlobo lwama-plastiki, njengoba izinga lokuphinda lisetshenziswe kabusha liphansi kakhulu. Uma sibala iphesenti elizophinda lisetshenziswe kusuka kulezi ziqukathi maqondana nalezo ezikhiqizwa ngamanani aphansi kakhulu lawo. Futhi noma ngabe lokhu kungaphinda kusetshenziswe ngokuphelele iziqukathi eziphakeme ezenziwe, umkhiqizo ubungeke wehliswe kakhulu. Lokhu kwaziwa ngoba i-RPET (okuyi-plastiki eyenziwe kabusha) ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa ekwenziweni kokuphakwa kokudla noma kwesiphuzo. Uma sifuna ukuyisebenzisela le njongo, inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yamakhemikhali kufanele yenziwe ukuthi izinkampani ezimbalwa zokuphinda zisetshenziswe zisebenzise.
Okunye ukungalungi okwaba yisici esibi salezi zepulasitiki yilokho okungabonakali iso. Futhi ngukuthi ngezinhlayiya ezincane, le nto ingahlukaniswa futhi intanta ekudleni. Ngokwezifundo ezithile, imiphumela yokuqhubeka kokufakwa kwalezi zinhlayiya ezincane zepulasitiki Zisuka ezimeni zokuphefumula ziye ezinkingeni ekukhuleni kombungu kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.
Izixazululo ezingenzeka
Umbuzo esizibuza wona ukuthi yini esingayenza kulesi simo. Ukwehlisa umthelela owenziwe ngopulasitiki be-PET, kufanele siqale ngokukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa kwazo kabusha yizo zonke izinkampani ezithintekayo. Phakathi kwalezi zinkampani sinalabo abapakisha abakhiqizi kulabo abavela ezimbonini ezenza ukudla okuthunyelwa ngalezi zinto.
Ezinye zezizathu eziphikiswa yilabo abasebenzisa kabusha izingidi hhayi iziqukathi lokhu kungusayizi okwenza kube nzima ukuqoqa izinto zokuhamba. Lokhu kungaxazululwa ngokutholwa kwama-shredders amancane angatholakala ezindaweni zomphakathi nezizimele ngokuvunyelwa okukhulu ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni. Le mishini yokugunda isiza ukunciphisa usayizi wemfucuza futhi ithuthukise inqubo yokuqoqa nokwenza kabusha izinto. Omunye walaba abaqhumisi unekhono lokukwenza ukwazi ukugcina iziqukathi ezinkulu ezifika ku-2.000 XNUMX ngokushesha njengoba zichotshozwa zibe ngama-flakes amancane.
Usebenzisa la ma-shredders, umuntu ofaka isitsha, uzobe esevele enze isenzo esingcono sokuphinda usebenzise kabusha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umshini uvele uwacubungule ngokushesha la mapulasitiki bese uwahlikihla. Lesi sinyathelo sizosiza kakhulu inkinga ekhona ngamabhodlela angcolisa amabhishi nezinye izinto eziphilayo ngoba azikaze ziphinde zenziwe kabusha ekuqaleni.
Esinye isenzo esingathathwa ukuxazulula le nkinga ukuphinda kusetshenziswe ibanga lamabhodlela. Lokho wukuthi, ingasetshenziswa futhi empilweni nasekuphakelweni kokudla. Lokhu kungadala ukwehla kwesidingo esivela kumthombo womthombo. Kakade namuhla eColombia kunezinkampani ezithile ezinikezelwe kulo.
Ekugcineni, imfundo yezemvelo ibamba iqhaza elibalulekile kuyo yonke le ndawo. Ukufundisa abancane kungumqondo omuhle kakhulu ngekusasa.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngama-PET plastiki kanye nezici zawo.
kuhle kakhulu