Europa yisifunda somhlaba esine- umthamo omkhulu ofakiwe wokuphehla ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, ngokusho kombiko wakamuva wezibalo ezitholakala ku- Inhlangano Yamazwe Ngamazwe Yamandla Kagesi. Umbiko uthi i-EU ibala cishe i-260 GW yenani elilinganisiwe lomhlaba jikelele elingu-860-950 GW lokukhiqiza ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi.
Ezinye izifunda zivelele kakhulu kulo mbiko, kufaka phakathi i-Eastern Europe. Kugxilwe kakhulu kulesi sifunda, esithuthukisa ngokushesha imithombo yaso yamanzi futhi kulindeleke ukuthi sibe umhlaba onamazinga aphezulu okuthunyelwa kwabantu eminyakeni emithathu ezayo. Eqinisweni, iChina, ehola iMpumalanga Asia ekuthuthukiseni ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, idlula iMelika njengezwe elinamandla amakhulu kakhulu afakiwe. INingizimu Melika nayo ithuthuka ngokushesha. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-IHA ilinganisela ukuthi kukhona 127 kuya ku-150 umthamo we-GW ukuqongelela okumpontshiwe emhlabeni jikelele, futhi imakethe yokuqongelela okumpompiwe kulindeleke ukuba izokwenyuka ngo-60% iminyaka emihlanu ezayo.
Ngokuvamile, izitshalo ezinkulu zokuphehla ugesi zikhule ngesizotha ngamaphesenti ngo-2009, ngokusho kwakamuva Umbiko we-REN-21 yesimo somhlaba samandla avuselelekayo. Lokhu kunwetshwa okungu-3% kuyaphawuleka ngenxa yokuvuthwa kwamandla kagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi nesisekelo esikhulu. Ngenkathi ama-oda emishini yokuphehla ugesi ewa ngo-2009 nango-2010 kusuka ngo-2008, ama-oda wangaphambilini wango-2011 asekhuphukele ekulindeleni uphethiloli wokuthi ama-oda aphakathi nonyaka ka-2010 azodlula lawo wama-2000.
Yize kunjalo, umbiko we-REN-21 ukhombisa ukuthi u-31 GW wamandla kagesi kagesi owengezwe ngo-2009, owadala ukukhuphuka kwamandla aphelele kuyo yonke imikhakha yamandla avuselelekayo, okwesibili kuphela kumandla omoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, e-US 40-45 billion dollars abetshalwe ezitshalweni ezinkulu zokuphehla ugesi unyaka wonke.
Ezimakethe ezithuthukile, njenge-Europe, lapho izitshalo eziningi zokuphehla ugesi zineminyaka engama-30 noma engama-40 ubudala, umsebenzi ugxile ekuvuseleleni amalayisense nokunikeza amandla, kanye nokwengeza ukukhiqizwa emadamini akhona, kuphetha umbiko. Lo mkhuba usekelwa ngokusobala yimisebenzi yezimakethe ebonwe ngo-2009 nango-2010, futhi njengoba lo mbiko ukhombisa, izimakethe eziningana seziba izindawo ezaziwa kakhulu zakuleli.
Umthombo: ren 21
Ngoba uma sineminye imithombo, ayisetshenziswanga futhi ngoba amabhange ezezimali angacabangi ngalezi ezinye izindlela, iPanama ithuthukisa amaphrojekthi lapho kuhlanzwa khona amahlathi futhi wonke ama-biomass aphonswa kude noma angcwatshwe, okungukuthi, akukho nhloso ngakho konke le nto eyizinkulungwane zamathani (namuhla kukhona ubuchwepheshe obusivumela ukuthi sisebenzise lokhu) kanti-ke sinoNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo. Sidinga ukuba nezinhlelo zezinhlelo zezimo eziphuthumayo (izikhukhula, imililo) zezolimo (umanyolo) ngamafuphi, ngicabanga ukuthi sisebenzisa indlela elula kuphela.
IPanama, ekubeni iyizwe elincane ekunwetshisweni kwezindawo futhi inkulu kwezomnotho nentuthuko enamathuba ambalwa wamandla kagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, kungenzeka ibe sengozini kulolu daba uma kuqhathaniswa namazwe angomakhelwane e-Central America, kepha ngicabanga ukuthi banesixazululo ezandleni zabo, Awudingi ukwakha ingqalasizinda ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi, ngomcabango omncane futhi ubheke ikusasa ngokuzimisela, bangangenisa amandla kagesi ashibhile avela e-Ecuador adlule eColombia ngoba ngiyaqonda ukuthi kunokuxhumana phakathi kwePanama neColombia naphakathi kwe-Ecuador neColombia Ngakho-ke ukusebenzisa amanethiwekhi kagesi iColombia -Ecuadorian amandla kagesi ageleza ngokuya ePanama futhi ngaleyo ndlela iPanama izoba nokuvikeleka kokuba namandla kagesi anele iminyaka eminingi, ngicabanga ukuthi ngombono omncane omuhle, amandla kagesi anganikezwa yonke iCentral America: eshibhile futhi okungangcolisi okusiza kwiplanethi nasekuthuthukiseni amazwe aseMelika Ephakathi.