Lapho sibhekene nokukhathazeka okukhulayo mayelana nokushoda kwemithombo yemvelo kanye nezidingo zokusimama, amandla olwandle Zivela njengenketho enamandla amakhulu. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe obuningi bamandla olwandle busesesigabeni sokuhlola, amandla olwandle agqama njengomunye othuthuke kakhulu ngokombono wezobuchwepheshe. Ikhono layo lokunikela a ukukhiqizwa kwamandla njalo nokubikezelwa, ivusa intshisekelo yamazwe amaningi abhejayo kuyo njengendlela ehambisana namandla avuselelekayo ngezikhathi ezithile, njengelanga noma umoya.
Sebenzisa ukusimama kwemisinga yolwandle
La Amandla wamanzi olwandle Isebenzisa ngokunenzuzo imisinga ebangelwa amagagasi, iguqule amandla ayo e-kinetic abe ugesi. Ngokungafani namanye amandla avuselelekayo ancike elangeni noma emoyeni, amandla olwandle abonakala ngokubonakala kakhulu, ngoba amagagasi alawulwa imijikelezo yenyanga ebikezelwayo. Ngale ndlela, ivumela ukuhlela okuphumelelayo kokukhiqizwa kwamandla.
Imisinga yasolwandle inenzuzo yokuba uzinze ngokwedlulele, namazinga okugeleza angashintshi angasetshenziswa amahora amaningi ngosuku. Lokhu kungaba wusizo ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezifana ne-United Kingdom, Canada, France kanye ne-East Asia, lapho ukuhlukana kwamagagasi kubonakala kakhulu.
Ubuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa amandla olwandle
Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla olwandle kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa I-Tidal Current Turbines noma ngezinhlelo amadamu olwandle. Amaturbine asebenza ngaphansi kwamanzi ngendlela efanayo nezinjini zomoya, ezihamba ngamandla amaza. Kukhona amaphrojekthi afana nalawa Isitshalo se-Swansea Bay e-Wales, esebenzisa i-lagoon yokwenziwa enedamu elimise okukhethekile ukuze ikhiqize amandla. Lesi isibonelo esisodwa sokuthi amandla olwandle angaba nomthelela kanjani kugridi kagesi.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe uhlelo lwamadamu olwandle, olusebenzisa ithuba lomehluko phakathi kwamagagasi aphezulu naphansi ukuze lukhiqize amandla, afana nesikhungo esiphehla ugesi ngamanzi. Nokho, lezi zinhlobo zamaphrojekthi zibiza kakhulu futhi zingaba nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo.
Amandla e-Tidal aqhathaniswa namanye amandla avuselelekayo
Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zamandla olwandle ngaphezu kweminye imithombo evuselelekayo, njengamandla elanga noma omoya, ukubikezela kwawo. Nakuba umoya nelanga kungase kube phakathi, amagagasi alandela imijikelezo evamile, eyaziwayo, okwenza kube lula ukukhiqiza. njalo futhi elawulwa.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amasistimu asetshenziselwa ukuhlanganisa amagagasi ngokuvamile ane- umthelela ophansi kwezemvelo, njengoba zingangcolisi noma zikhiphe imfucuza njengoba kwenzeka ngezibaseli ezimbiwa phansi. Aphinde athule futhi ngokuvamile anomthelela omncane wokubuka lapho engaphansi kwamanzi.
Izinselelo ezinkulu kanye nezinzuzo zamandla olwandle
Enye yezinselelo ezinkulu la mandla abhekana nazo yiwo izindleko zokuqala zokutshala imali, okuhlobene nengqalasizinda edingekayo kanye nezimo ezinzima zemvelo yasolwandle. Kodwa-ke, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zinhlelo zinikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile mayelana nokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni nokudala umthombo wamandla ohlanzekile, oqhubekayo.
E-Europe, amazwe afana ne-United Kingdom ne-France ahamba phambili ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlelo zemifula. Isibonelo esihle isitshalo sase-La Rance eFrance, esinye sezitshalo zokuqala ezinkulu zezentengiselwano zohlobo lwaso emhlabeni. Ukwengeza, iphrojekthi ye-TIGER ku-English Channel ifuna ukukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-tidal, isizakala ngamaza anamandla kuleso sifunda.
Umthelela kanye nokusimama kwemvelo
Umthelela wemvelo wamandla olwandle uyinkinga enkulu. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo oluningi lubonise ukuthi imiphumela mincane uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zokukhiqiza amandla. Izakhiwo ezingaphansi kwamanzi zingathinta imvelo yasolwandle yendawo, kodwa le mithelela ngokuvamile ilawulwa futhi incishiswe phakathi nesigaba sokuklama samaphrojekthi.
Mayelana nokusimama, amandla olwandle abonakala njengomunye wemithombo ethembisa kakhulu uma kubhekwa wona umthelela okhishwayo ophansi kanye namandla ayo okuxhashazwa isikhathi eside. Njengoba lobu buchwepheshe buthuthuka, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko kulindeleke ukuthi kukhulise ukuncintisana kwabo uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imithombo evuselelekayo.
Amaphrojekthi afakiwe kumandla olwandle
Enye yamaphrojekthi athuthuke kakhulu isitshalo I-Swansea Bay e-UK, okungenzeka kube yichibi lokuqala lomhlaba lokwenziwa kwe-tidal. Le phrojekthi ihlongoza amandla okukhiqiza afinyelela ku-320 MW amahora ayi-14 ngosuku, futhi uma iphumelela, imodeli ingase iphindwe kwezinye izigu zeBrithani ukuze kukhiqizwe ingxenye ebalulekile yamandla ezwe ngendlela ehlanzekile neqhubekayo.
Naphezu kwezinselelo zokuqala, amandla olwandle ayaqhubeka nokuzibonakalisa njengendlela esebenzayo yekusasa elihlanzekile. Ngamaphrojekthi afana nalawa I-HydroQuest eNormandy futhi UMutriku E-Spain, inqubekelaphambili yezobuchwepheshe ibonisa ukuthi lolu hlobo lwamandla avuselelekayo luya ngokuya luncintisana.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwamandla olwandle kuthembisa ukwandisa amathuba awo kakhulu, okwenza ukuxhashazwa kwawo kusebenze kahle kakhulu futhi kwehlise nezindleko zokukhiqiza. Njengoba amandla elanga nomoya abone intuthuko enkulu esikhathini esidlule, ubuchwepheshe be-tidal kulindeleke ukuthi bulandele indlela efanayo futhi buqhube uguquko lwamandla omhlaba.
Okungcono futhi ukuthi amandla wamaza lawa awamagagasi ahlala njalo, nginobuchwepheshe balokhu, yikuphi ukusebenzisana engingakunikeza?