I-Las amabhethri ejeli Ziyinguquko ephelele emhlabeni wamabhethri. Ziwuhlobo lwebhethri lohlobo lwe-lead-acid evaliwe futhi ngenxa yalokho luyashajwa. Basebenzisa izimiso ze-electrochemical ezifanayo ezenzeka ekuphenduleni kwe-redox (i-oxidation nokunciphisa) ezisebenza ekuguquleni amandla amakhemikhali abe amandla kagesi futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana namabhethri ejeli, izici zawo nokubaluleka kwawo.
Ayini amabhethri ejeli
Amabhethri ejeli awuhlobo lwebhethri le-VRLA (Ibhethri Le-Acid Ehola Ivalufa), awuhlobo lwebhethri ye-asidi eholayo evalekile, ngakho ayashajwa. Njengamabhethri e-AGM, Amabhethri ejeli ayinguqulo ethuthukisiwe yamabhethri e-lead-acid ngoba asebenzisa isimiso se-electrochemical efanayo (redox reaction) ukuguqula amandla amakhemikhali abe amandla kagesi futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
Amaseli e-Gel yiwona anconywe kakhulu kumasistimu / amadivaysi e-solar photovoltaic ukuze azisebenzisele wona ngoba anokuqina okuhle, okuwenza abize kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamaseli. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri endabuko, inezinto ezimbalwa zokukhiqiza futhi kulula ukuyigaya kabusha, okuyenza ihlanzeke futhi ihambisane nemvelo.
Izingxenye zebhethri zeGel
Njengamabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri ejeli akhiwa ngamabhethri ngamanye, ibhethri ngalinye licishe libe ngu-2v, Ixhumeke ochungechungeni futhi i-voltage iphakathi kuka-6v no-12v.
Phakathi kwezici eziyinhloko zamabhethri ejeli, sizithola ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza. Lawa mabhethri anama-electrolyte ngendlela yejeli (yingakho igama), okufinyelelwa ngokungeza i-silica kungxube ye-asidi namanzi yebhethri ngayinye.
Ukuze baphephe, bafaka i-valve. Uma igesi yakha igesi eningi ngaphakathi kunokujwayelekile, i-valve izovuleka. Lawa mabhethri awadingi ukunakekelwa (ukugcwalisa amanzi acwecwe) ngoba amanzi akhiqizwa ngaphakathi kwebhethri ngegesi elakhiwe ngesikhathi sokushaja. Ngakho-ke, nazo aziyikhiphi igesi, ezivumela ukuthi zivalwe futhi zibekwe cishe kunoma iyiphi indawo (ngaphandle kwetheminali ebheke phansi).
Izici eziyinhloko
Ngokujwayelekile sithola ukuthi ama-voltages alawa mabhethri yi-6v kanye ne-12v, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwawo okusakazeke kakhulu kusezisetshenziswa zokuzihlukanisa ezincane nezimaphakathi ezidinga amabhethri ahlala isikhathi eside.
Ubuningi bamanje abangakwazi ukukunikeza ngu-3-4 Ah ukuya ngaphezu kuka-100 Ah. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri, azinawo amandla ebhethri amakhulu (Ah), kodwa anganxeshezelwa ngenani elikhulu lokushaja nokukhipha imijikelezo. Inzuzo yebhethri yejeli yukuthi ingakwazi ukufeza inani elikhulu lokukhokhiswa nokukhishwa kwemijikelezo, engafinyelela imijikelezo engu-800-900 phakathi nokuphila kwayo kwenkonzo.
Ukujula kokukhishwa kwebhethri yejeli akuyona inkinga njengoba kunjalo ngeke ilimale ngisho noma umthamo ungaphansi ngokuphindaphindiwe kuka-50%. Uma zingafinyeleli ku-100% womthamo wazo lapho zishaja, futhi zingachitha isikhathi eside ku-80% noma ngaphansi kwamandla, ngeke zilimale. Phakathi kwamabhethri e-lead-acid, ibhethri yejeli inezinga eliphansi lokuzikhulula, eligcina u-80% womthamo walo isikhathi esingaphezu kwesigamu sonyaka. Yibo futhi abathinteka kancane ekuzikhipheni kwezinga lokushisa ngoba kushisa kancane kakhulu.
Ukuze kusebenze kahle ibhethri yejeli, kufanele igcinwe endaweni lapho izinga lokushisa lingahlukani ngangokunokwenzeka. Njengoba sikwazi, sizobavikela emvelweni. Uma sifuna ukukhulisa impilo yamabhethri, ngeke siwaveze emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ngoba njengoba ukushisa kwanda, i-gel ngaphakathi izokwandisa umthamo futhi ingalimaza isitsha.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umkhuhlane uzoba nomthelela omubi kumabhethri ejeli. Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla (-18C), lizobangela ukugcwala kwejeli, okubuye kubangele ukwanda. ukumelana kwangaphakathi, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ukukhishwa kwamanje.
Ishajwa kanjani
Ukushajwa kwebhethri yejeli kuzohlala kwenziwa ngesilawuli esijwayelekile / sokushaja. Ngokufanelekile, futhi ukhululekile, uthola isilawuli, ungalungisa uhlobo lwebhethri, ukuze Vele usethe amapharamitha adingekayo ukuze ushaje ibhethri yejeli.
Uma ungenayo i-automatic regulator, khumbula njalo ukuthi ibhethri yejeli kufanele ishajwe nge-voltage ephansi ukuze ugweme izinkinga zokukhipha umoya. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri e-lead-acid, amabhethri ejeli adinga i-voltage yokushaja ephansi. Qaphela, lapho ushaja amabhethri ejeli, impilo yawo icishe ibe yiminyaka eyi-12.
Uma sifuna amabhethri anganakekelwa amasistimu elanga, amakharavani, izikebhe, nanoma iyiphi isistimu ngokuvamile edinga ukugcinwa futhi ngaphandle kokukhipha igesi, sinezinketho ezimbili, ikakhulukazi amabhethri ejeli namabhethri e-Agm. Muva nje, Kuye kwavela ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuthuthukisa izici, ezifana namabhethri ejeli ye-carbon, ezinokumelana kangcono nomjikelezo kanye nezimo zomthwalo wengxenye.
Ungakhetha kanjani phakathi kobuchwepheshe obubodwa noma obunye? Sizochaza izici zobuchwepheshe ngamunye kanye nezinzuzo zazo zombili lezi zobuchwepheshe. Ibhethri le-AGM ibhethri elivaliwe eline-electrolyte emuncwa kusihlukanisi se-fiber yengilazi (i-absorbent glass material). Kukhona uketshezi lwe-sulfuric acid ngaphakathi, kodwa lucwiliswe ku-fiberglass yesihlukanisi.
Ibhethri yejeli iwuhlobo lwebhethri elivaliwe, i-electrolyte yalo Ijeli ye-silica engeyona i-liquid futhi impahla ye-diaphragm iyafana ne-Agm ne-fiberglass.
Izinzuzo kanye nokubi amabhethri ejeli
Okulandelayo sizobala izinzuzo zamabhethri ejeli:
- Isikhathi eside
- Ukumelana okuphezulu nokujula kokukhishwa
- Azidingi ukunakekelwa
Nakhu okungalungile:
- Intengo ephezulu
- Umthamo ophansi uma uqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri
Ekugcineni, kufanele wazi ukuthi ungawathenga kanjani amabhethri. Kuleli qophelo, kufanele ucace ngalokho ozoxhuma kukho. Ngokufanelekile, kufanele ulinganisele ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwamadivayisi ofuna ukuwaxhuma kubhethri namahora azo okusebenza emini. Kufanele wengeze u-35% kuleli nani, okusho ukuthi ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa okungenzeka kokufakwa, uzobe usuvele unesidingo sikagesi nsuku zonke. Uma ukhetha ibhethri noma iphakethe lebhethri, kunconywa ukuthi libe namandla okuzibamba izinsuku ezimbili kuya kwezintathu.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana namabhethri ejeli nezici zawo.