Ngemuva kweminyaka ye-hiatus eSpain, umkhakha wamandla avuselelekayo uqala impilo entsha. Ngemuva kwezindali ezintathu ezinkulu uHulumeni azenzile kusukela ngoJanuwari 2016 bakhuthaze ukutshalwa kwezimali engadlula ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-7.500 kuze kufike u-2020 ukufaka ingqikithi ye-8.935 MW (4.607 MW yomoya, 4.110 MW ye-photovoltaic kanye ne-218 MW ye-biomass).
Lo mthamo usatshalaliswa phakathi kwengqikithi ye- Izinkampani ze-21 kusukela emkhakheni we-solar, izinkampani ezingama-40 ezinikele emoyeni kanye nezinkampani eziyi-14 zigxile kwi-biogas, biomass kanye nemfucuza.
Ngokwezibalo ezenziwe umqashi wamandla avuselelekayo u-Appa, amaphrojekthi, uma enziwa wonke, angakhiqiza ngaphezulu kwama-27.900 amasha imisebenzi eqondile nengaqondile ngesikhathi sesigaba sokwakha - kuze kube nguDisemba 2019.
Ngaphezu kwalokho bazokhuphula imali engaphezu kuka-18.800, imisebenzi unomphela kubuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic eminyakeni engamashumi amabili ezayo.
Ukuzibophezela kwesiphathimandla saseSpain ekuvuseleleni kwenzeka ngemuva konyaka onzima ikakhulukazi kumanani entengo. Ukungeniswa kwegesi kwikota yokuqala yonyaka ka-2017 e-European Union kufinyelele ezigidini ezingama-20.000 35, cishe ngama-2016% ngaphezu kwesikhathi esilinganayo sika-1.090. Kokubili ivolumu engenisiwe (18,6 TWh) kanye nentengo emaphakathi (2016 euros / MWh) bekulungile ngenhla kwezibalo ezibhaliswe ngo-XNUMX. Ngalesi sizathu, amazwe aseqalile ukuhamba ngokushesha futhi, nawo, izinkampani ezinkulu zikagesi esikhathini esedlule zazibheja kamnandi ngokuvuselelekayo.
IGesi Natural, ibingenye yezinhlangano ezigxeke kakhulu uhlelo olwedlule lwe abazala izindleko zabo sezize zalinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-150.000. Njengamanje, inkampani ibheka ukuthi sebuvele sebungobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe futhi kunesidingo sokulungisa ukuxubana kwayo kokukhiqiza ngenxa yokuvalwa ngezikhathi ezithile kwezitshalo zegesi, izibophezele ekwandiseni ubukhona bayo kuleli bhizinisi.
Ukuqhuma kwakhe kokuqala okukhulu kwaba yi ukutholwa yakwaGecalsa, kepha ifunde ezinye izinketho njengokuthengwa kweGestamp, iphakethe le-Acciona evuselelekayo kanye ne-Endesa ne-EDP.
I-Endesa nayo ilandele indlela efanayo.Ngaphansi kwenkampani engaphansi kwayo i-Enel Green Power Spain, inkampani ibephuza ukuthuthukisa amandla aluhlaza futhi manje seyethula ngisho nangaphezulu kwezibikezelo zohlelo lwayo lwebhizinisi. Sekukonke, lo msebenzi uzotshala cishe izigidi ezingama-870 nge-879 MW eyitholile (i-540 MW evela emoyeni kanye ne-339 MW kusuka ku-photovoltaic). Le nkampani futhi iyinakile inqubo yokuthengisa ye- URenovalia kanti i-Eolia nasezinhlelweni zokutshala imali ezibikezelwe eminyakeni embalwa ezayo yeqe izinga lezigidi ezingama-5.000 XNUMX eSpain.
Utshalomali olukhulu kunabo bonke kubanikazi abasha bokuvuselelwa yilokho okumele kwenziwe yiForestalia. Iqembu lase-Aragonese selivele lithumele i-Acciona ukuthi yakhe eyokuqala isitshalo se-biomass futhi iqhubekela phambili neyesibili, ngesikhathi esifanayo isivele ithole ezinye zezimvume ezivela kuHulumeni wase-Aragon ngamapulazi ayo omoya ukuthi izothuthuka kakhulu nesikhondlakhondla saseNyakatho Melika uGeneral Electric, ngaleyo ndlela efuna ukuqinisekisa isabelo semakethe.
UMkhandlu Jikelele wase-Aragon ungomunye wabashesha kakhulu uma kuziwa ekunikezeni izimvume. Eqinisweni, iCobra - inkampani ephethwe yi-ACS- nayo ibuye nje thola izimvume ngesitshalo esikhulu se-photovoltaic lapho sihlela ukutshala khona ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-330 ngamandla we-549 MW. Ngamanye amagama, isinyathelo sokuqala se-1.550 MW eyitholile endalini.
Obunye ubuchwepheshe obuvuseleleka
Uma sibheka obunye ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-biomass kanye ne-biogas, izinkampani ezifana ne-Avanzalia Energía ziyagqama. Le nkampani yazalwa ngo-2006 ngaphansi kwegama le-Global Solar Market, ngokubona kusengaphambili i- ukumemezela yomthetho wokukhululeka komkhakha kagesi futhi manje usuzuze u-2,9 MW.
U-OMS Sacede wazalwa ngo-1979. Iqembu eliyingcweti ekwelapheni amanzi, lapho lisuke lavela laba eminye imikhakha ehlobene imvelo, njengokuphathwa kwemfucuza nokubuyiswa kwamandla nokwenza kahle.
I-Energía Sur de Europa yadalwa ngo-2.000 nendlunkulu yayo eSeville. Kumsuka wayo bekuyibambiswano nenkampani yamaNgisi, efike eSpain ingenisa ubuchwepheshe bezizukulwane nayo biogas udoti. Eminyakeni edlule, ukubamba iqhaza kwamanye amazwe kwahlanjululwa, kwashiya inkampani kuphela ngokuhlanganyela kweSpain.
UBiogastur wakha isitshalo se biogas yokwelapha ngayo udaka oluvela ezinkomeni zaseCentral Lechera Asturiana.
ICapital Energy yazalwa ngonyaka we-2002 ngenhloso yokwakha amapulazi omoya ngendlela ejwayelekile kanti nge-Alfanar bazokwakha ama-720 MW wamandla omoya noma iGreenalia, efakwe ohlwini izolo kwi-MAB ngenani elilinganiselwa ezigidini ezingama-43 futhi eselithole u-133 MW yamandla omoya.
Izinkinga zokuhamba
Kodwa-ke, izinkampani zikhathazekile ngekhono lokusebenzisa la mandla aphezulu ukusebenza esikhathini esifushane kangaka. Isidingo se ama-cranes, ama-escorts noma amandla okusebenza azoba phezulu kakhulu. Ngokwezibalo ze-Agere yezeluleko, ngomholo ofana nowamanje, amandla omoya aqhutshwa ngoMeyi azophuma ngentengo yama-euro angama-41 / MWh, kaJulayi ngo-30 euros / MWh kanye ne-photovoltaic eyodwa ku-34 ama-euro / MWh.
Uma, njengoba yonke into ibonakala ikhombisa, uHulumeni uyayilungisa i- isinxephezelo cishe ku-5%, lezi zintengo zizoncishiswa futhi amandla endali aqhutshwa ngoMeyi azothola ama-euro angama-38 / MWh, lowo kaJulayi ingqikithi yama-euro angama-29 / MWh kanye ne-photovoltaic ezungeze ama-32 euros / MWh.