Umquba uyindlela ephumelela kakhulu futhi ewusizo yokugaywa kabusha kwabo bonke labo bantu abanesikhala esanele sokuba nomgqomo wabo womquba. Baningi Izinzuzo ze-compost bin eyenziwe ekhaya lokho kungasinika izinzuzo zokuvundisa izitshalo zethu.
Ngalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele mayelana nezinzuzo zomgqomo wokwenza umquba wasekhaya, yiziphi izici zawo nokuthi kufanele senze kanjani umquba omuhle wekhwalithi.
Izici zomgqomo womquba
Iziqukathi zalolu lwazi ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza umanyolo wezitshalo zezitshalo zethu zingaba izinhlobo ezahlukene. Sithole imigqomo yomquba enensimbi, izinkuni kanye nepulasitiki. Okuhle kunakho konke, ilungiselelwe ukuthi ibe nezimbobo phezulu nangaphansi kanye naseceleni ukuze kungene umoya njalo.
Ukuze kukhishwe umquba ngemva kokwakhiwa, kufanele ube nesivalo. Kunconywa ukuthi phansi kuthintane nomhlabathi, kodwa akudingekile. Uma ingathinti phansi, singakwazi ukuvula i-lateral njengesango.
Ukuze umquba wakheke ngendlela ezinzile futhi eqhubekayo, sidinga ukubeka izinto eziphilayo ngezingqimba. Ungqimba olulodwa kufanele lube nendaba eyomile, phakathi kwayo kukhona amagatsha, amakhoba omile, sawdust, amaqabunga, sawdust, njll. Kufanele sishintshanise lezi zendlalelo ezomile ngezendlalelo zezinye izinto eziswakeme njengamagobolondo amaqanda, ama-apula, amakhasi kabhanana, amaqabunga e-ulethisi, isisekelo sekhofi, izinsalela zokuthakwa, ukungcola okuthile, njll.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, kufanele ubeke izikelemu endaweni emanzi. Lezi zikelemu zisiza kakhulu ekubhidlizeni izinto eziphilayo kanye nokwenza ngcono umoya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, singathola umquba wekhwalithi engcono. Kusendlalelo sokuqala singabeka amagatsha amakhulu nezinye izingcezu ezimbili zokhuni, ezingenza kube lula ukungena komoya. Uma sengeza izikelemu noma inhlabathi encane, singakhiqiza umquba wezinga eliphezulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izinkulungwane zesikhunta namagciwane zizokwengezwa ukusiza ukudiliza izinto eziphilayo.
Kumele ucabangele izinsalela zezinqamu zikagwayi, izinsalela zezithelo ezisawolintshi, amathambo, umlotha wamalahle, inyama, izigaxa zegceke ezinomanyolo, indle yezilwane namapulasitiki angenakulahlwa. Zonke lezi zinsalela zivimbela ukwakheka komquba wezinga eliphezulu futhi zibambezela isenzo samagciwane acekela phansi izinto eziphilayo.
Ungawugcina kanjani kahle umgqomo womquba
Ngezansi, sizokunikeza amathiphu adingekayo ukuze ugcine umgqomo wakho womquba usebenza ngesikhathi sokwenza umquba. Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, imigqomo yomquba iwusizo nakakhulu uma sinengadi yemvelo ekhaya. Ngale ndlela, singathola izinto eziphilayo ezenziwe ekhaya kanye nomanyolo wezitshalo zethu nezitshalo.
Ukuze ulondoloze lo mgqomo wokwenza umquba ngempumelelo, umgqomo sizobe siphonsa izinto eziphilayo ezidingweni okufanele zimbozwe ukugcina izinga elithile lomswakama. Futhi, izinga lokushisa kufanele libe phakathi kwama-degrees angu-35 no-55 ukuvutshelwa. Inqubo yokwenza umquba ihamba kancane. Isitsha kufanele simbozwe futhi sigcinwe endaweni eshisa kakhulu kanye nomswakama cishe izinyanga ezi-3-4 ukuze kukhiqizwe umquba osezingeni eliphezulu.
Ngalesi sikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuqapha cishe njalo emavikini ama-2 ukuze umswakama ungakhuphuki kakhulu futhi ungahlali womile. Ukuze sazi lokhu, singasebenzisa inkomba yephunga. Uma imanzi kakhulu, izonuka ibolile. Ukunciphisa lokhu, kufanele sengeze into eyomile futhi siyivumele iphume kancane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma iphunga le-ammonia, kunengxube emanzi kakhulu futhi amaqabunga omile kufanele engezwe.
Okuphambene kungase kube njalo. Uma ingxube ithatha isikhathi eside futhi yomile kakhulu, kufanele siyimanzise ngamanzi amancane noma sithele izinto ezimanzi. Singawukhama ngedlanzana futhi uma uphuma kakhulu umanzi, uma ungakhiqizi okunye kome kakhulu. Ngokufanelekile, ku khama inani elincane lale nto ephilayo ukhiphe amathonsi ambalwa.
Ukugcina umquba usesimweni esihle, kufanele siwususe njalo kabili noma kathathu, siwuguqule kancane kancane ube umanyolo ozosebenzela izitshalo zethu. Lo manyolo uzonqwabelana engxenyeni ephansi kakhulu yomgqomo womquba. Ukube besinomnyango phansi, lo mquba singawususa njalo ezinyangeni ezi-5 noma eziyisi-6. Ukuze sazi ukuthi isilungile ngokuphelele, singathatha idlanzana futhi sibheke umbala wayo, umbala nokuthungwa kwayo. Okufanelekile, kufanele kube umbala omnyama, omanzi. Akufanele uqaphele noma yini oyifakile, ngaphandle kwamagatsha ambalwa, okufanele ahogele njengenhlabathi yemvelo lapho uwakha.
Uma uqhubeka nokwenza umquba ngokuphonsa ungqimba olusha lwento ephilayo emgqonyeni wakho womquba, uzokwazi ukuthola umquba oqhubekayo naphezu kwesikhathi eside sokuwohloka kwawo.
Izinzuzo ze-compost bin eyenziwe ekhaya
Isiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomoya
Imfucuza kamasipala iyingozi kakhulu emvelweni njengoba idala ukwanda kokukhishwa kwesikhutha kanye nomthelela wayo ekuguquguqukeni kwesimo sezulu. Ukwenza umquba kungasetshenziswa njengenye indlela yokuthuthukisa izinga lomoya esiwuphefumulayo, ukunciphisa ukushiswa kwemfucuza, intuthu, umlotha kanye nemikhiqizo enobuthi ekhiqizwayo engabangela ukungezwani komzimba, ukuhlaselwa yisifuba somoya kanye nokwandisa ubuthi bezinhlayiyana endaweni ezungezile.
nciphisa ukulahlwa kwemfucuza
Ukusebenzisa izikhwama zikadoti zendabuko I-50% yento ephilayo ingatholakala, engaguqulwa ibe yi-humus, okuyinzuzo ekuthuthukiseni izitshalo nezitshalo. Izinombolo zicacile: nge-100 kg yemfucuza yemvelo, ama-30 kg womanyolo wemvelo angatholakala.
esetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane
Phakathi nenqubo yokwenza umquba, ukuwohloka kwezinto eziphilayo kwenzeka, kwakha uketshezi lwemvelo olungasetshenziswa nezibulala-zinambuzane noma umanyolo. Izinto ezikhiqizwa yilolu shintsho zibizwa ngokuthi i-leachate.
I-Leachate isetshenziswa njengomanyolo we-organic liquid. Kodwa futhi ingasetshenziswa njengesibulala-zinambuzane ukulawula izinambuzane nezifo. I-leachate iboniswe ukuthi iyisibulala-zinambuzane esihle ngokumelene namazambane noma i-tomato blight, i-powdery mildew kanye ne-Fusarium ezihlahleni zamahhabhula. I-leachate yenza izitshalo zikwazi ukumelana nokutheleleka ngokuxosha izinambuzane ezifana nokukhula kwesikhunta.
Kwezolimo, kuvamile ukusebenzisa itiye lomquba, ingxube yamanzi nomquba ovimbela izinhlamvu ekukhuleni.
Inikela ekuqhubekeni komjikelezo wempilo
Ukwenza umquba kuyindlela yokulingisa imvelo emjikelezweni wayo wempilo. Emahlathini, isibonelo, ekwindla amaqabunga ezihlahla ayawa emhlabathini kanye nezingcezu zamagatsha nezinsalela zezinto eziphilayo, ezishintsha zibe humus, ukudala umhlaba omnyama onephunga elingavamile.
Ikhuthaza ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo
Inqubo yokuguqula imfucumfucu ibe yi-humus noma umanyolo we-organic ihilela amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, nezinambuzane ezifana nezikelemu. Kule nqubo yokubola, izinto eziphilayo ziba yimpahla yomhlaba ngemva kokufa.
Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezimbiwa phansi
Ngobuchwepheshe, lapho izimboni zikhiqiza umquba, zisebenzisa imishini ethembele kuwoyela ekukhiqizeni, ekupakisheni nasekuthumeleni. Kunalokho, nge-compost yemvelo, udoti wemvelo uguqulwa ube umquba noma umanyolo wemvelo ngenqubo yokubola yemvelo, ukwehlisa i-carbon footprint yakho.
Ama-fertilizer atholakala enqubweni yokwenza umquba anganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukamanyolo wamakhemikhali angcolisa amanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngenxa yobuningi be-nitrate.
umhlabathi ocebile izakhi
Ngokwenza umquba singathuthukisa izinga lenhlabathi emasimini nasezingadini zethu. I-pH yayo engathathi hlangothi iyenza ithembeke kakhulu ukuthi isetshenziswe kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezitshalo. Iphinde ibe nesandla ekulondolozeni nasekuthuthukisweni kwemiphakathi ephila ngaphansi kwe-microbial kanye ne-microfauna. Umquba usiza izitshalo ukuthi zimunce umsoco futhi ungakhuphula isivuno sezitshalo ezidliwayo nezihlobisayo.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezinzuzo ze-compost bin kanye nezici zayo.