Ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu ezithinta ngqo impilo yazo zombili izinto eziphilayo, iplanethi nabantu. Lokhu kungcola kwanda nsuku zonke ngenxa yentuthuko yezenhlalakahle nezimboni. Kukhona okuhlukile Izinhlobo zokungcola kuya ngemvelaphi nesimo. Uhlobo ngalunye lokungcola lunezimbangela zalo nemiphumela.
Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma nawe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zokungcola.
Kuyini ukungcoliswa kwemvelo
Okokuqala kunakho konke ukwazi ukuthi yini ukungcola kwemvelo futhi, lapho, chaza konke okunye noma izinhlobo zokungcola ezikhona. Uma sikhuluma ngokungcoliswa kwemvelo sikhuluma ngokwethulwa kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwe amakhemikhali, umzimba noma i-ejenti yemvelo emvelweni edala izinguquko ezahlukahlukene eziyingozi. Lezi zinguquko zingaphazamisa noma zingaphinde zithinte impilo, inhlalakahle nokusinda kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ngokujwayelekile.
Okungcolisayo kungaba, isibonelo, izibulala-zinambuzane, ukubulala ukhula, amagesi angcolisayo namanye amakhemikhali anjengamafutha, imisebe kanye nodoti wasemadolobheni. Abantu banemisebenzi eyahlukahlukene yezomnotho ebeka ukwakheka kwezakhi ezahlukahlukene ezingcolisayo. Imisebenzi yabantu efana nezimboni, ezentengiselwano noma ezezimayini ingemuva kokukhiqizwa kokuningi kwalokhu kungcola okukhulunywe ngenhla.
Ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kuhlotshaniswa ngqo nentuthuko yezwe nezomnotho. Uma izwe lithuthukiswa, kujwayelekile kakhulu ukuthi ukungcoliswa kwalo kube kukhulu. Ngalesi sizathu, kuyadingeka ukwethula umqondo wentuthuko esimeme kuwo wonke amazwe.
Manje sizokhuluma ngezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokungcola ezikhona.
Izinhlobo zokungcola
Ukungcoliswa kwamanzi
Luhlobo lokungcola kwemvelo lapho amanzi olwandle nawomfula ehlupheka khona. Lokhu kungcola kuthinta zonke izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezihlala kulamanzi nakwimvelo ezungezile. Lokhu kungcoliswa kwamanzi kungenzeka kusuka emithonjeni ehlukene njengokulandelayo:
- Ukuchitheka kwezimboni.
- Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwezibulala-zinambuzane noma izibulala-zinambuzane kwezolimo. Lawa makhemikhali aphazamisa ibhalansi futhi abulale izinkulungwane zezinto eziphila emanzini.
- Ukuchitheka kwesithambisi kusuka elondolo kubangela ukugcotshwa lamanzi. Le eutrophication yenzeka ngenxa yokuvaleka kokuhamba kokukhanya ne-oxygen.
- Ukuchitheka kukawoyela okubangelwa yimishini emikhulu kawoyela.
- Iziphepho noma izikhukhula nazo zingadala ukungcola kwamanzi ngenxa yenhlanganisela yezinto eziyingozi.
- Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu
Ukungcoliswa komoya
Ngenye yezinhlobo eziningi kakhulu zokungcola emhlabeni wethu. Kwenzeka lapho ukwakheka komoya kwamakhemikhali nokwendalo kushintsha, kuthinta yonke impilo emhlabeni. Ikakhulu izihlalo ezihlaselwa kakhulu. Phakathi kwezimbangela zokungcola komoya sithola okulandelayo:
- Amagesi axoshwa ezinjini zomlilo.
- Izinhlekelele zemvelo ezifana nemililo zivame ukukhuphula ukukhishwa kwegesi lokushisa okufana ne-carbon dioxide.
- Le mboni iphinde ikhiphe inani elikhulu lamakhemikhali afana nesulfure dioxide noma i-carbon monoxide. La manani amagesi abamba ukushisa akhulisa imiphumela emibi yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni wonke.
- Ukushiswa kwezinto ezilahlayo ezifana nezinsalela zemifino ezivela kwezolimo.
- Inqubo yokukhiqiza amandla lapho kukhishwa khona amagesi angcolisayo.
- Izinqubo zemvelo njengokuxoshwa kwamagesi ezinkomeni. Ukwanda kwemfuyo nakho kunomthelela omubi emiphumeleni yomphumela wokushisa.
Ukungcoliswa kwenhlabathi
Ngenye yezinhlobo zokungcola kwemvelo esikuthola kaningi. Imvamisa kwenzeka ngoba kwethulwa amakhemikhali athinta ukuzala kwenhlabathi. Phakathi kwala makhemikhali sinawo okuchichima kakhulu imithi yokubulala izinambuzane, imishanguzo yokubulala izinambuzane kanye nokubulala ukhula.
Izisulu eziyinhloko zalokhu kungcoliswa kwenhlabathi yizitshalo. Yize izilwane nazo zithintekile ngoba zondla izilwane ezidle kule nhlabathi engcolile. Lokhu kungcola kungadluliswa kuketanga lokudla kukhulise imiphumela emibi.
Ukungcola okushisayo
Yileso esenzeka ngokwanda kwamazinga okushisa ezingeni lomhlaba jikelele. Ungomunye wemiphumela eqondile yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Lezi zinguquko zikhiqizwa ngokungeyikho ukukhishwa ngokweqile kwamagesi abamba ukushisa. Isici esiyinhloko sala magesi abamba ukushisa ukuthi akwazi ukugcina ingxenye yokushisa kwemisebe yelanga ye-ultraviolet futhi angawavumeli angene emkhathini.
Uma sikhula njalo ukugcinwa kokushisa, okwandisa amazinga okushisa aphakathi komhlaba. Lokhu kunemiphumela emibi njengokuwohloka kwesilinganiso semvelo ezindaweni eziningi eziphila emhlabeni.
Ukungcola kwemisebe
Enye yezinhlobo zamandla ezisetshenziswa kakhulu amandla enuzi. La mandla akhipha izinto ezinamandla okukhipha imfucumfucu enemisebe esikhathini esizayo. Kuyingozi kakhulu ezintweni eziphilayo ngoba lezi zinto ezinemisebe ye-radio zithinta ngqo i-DNA yezinto ezidala ukungalungi nokuguquka kwezizukulwane ngezizukulwane ezahlukahlukene.
Ukungcoliswa komsindo
Luhlobo lokungcola okwenzeka ngenxa yomsindo owedlulele emadolobheni. Yimisebenzi yabantu naleyo ekhiqiza lolu hlobo lokungcola. Akuyona inhlobo yokungcola okuthinta ngqo ukusinda kwezinto eziphilayo, kepha kuthinta imikhuba efana nokudla nemikhuba yokuzala, ukufuduka kanye nenhlalakahle jikelele.
Ukungcola okulula
La Ukungcola okulula Lokhu kungenxa yokukhanya okweqile emadolobheni.
Ukungcoliswa kukagesi
Luhlobo lokungcola kwemvelo okwenzeka ukuyeka izinhlayiya zikagesi emisebenzini eyahlukene yezimboni. Kungadala izifo futhi kuthinte nemikhuba eyahlukahlukene yezidalwa eziphilayo.
Ukungcola okubonakalayo
Kuvamile kakhulu kunoma yiliphi idolobha. Imayelana nokuguqulwa kwalezo zinto zezwe eziphazamisa ubuhle bayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokwethulwa kwezinto ezingezona ezemvelo.
Ukungcola kokudla
Lokhu kungcola kuzokwenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo enezinto ezinobuthi nezinto ezingcolisayo ezingena emzimbeni wethu. Namuhla kusenezinqubo eziningi nezilawuli zokugwema izinto ezinobuthi ekudleni. Noma kunjalo, Asisoze saba nengozi noma ukuthi kukhona ubukhona bezinto ezinobuthi ekudleni.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngezinhlobo zokungcola.