Sonke sinayo noma sinayo eyodwa Isibani se-incandescent emakhaya ethu. Lokhu kukhanya kufudumele kakhulu futhi kusekhaya. Yasungulwa eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-130 edlule futhi isasetshenziswa nanamuhla. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inezinsuku ezibaliwe ngenxa yokusebenzisa kakhulu ukukhanya ngokulingana nokukhanya okusinikeza kona. Kodwa-ke, kukhona usosayensi osungule isibani se-incandescent esisezingeni laso elilinganayo Ama-LED.
Ngabe ama-incandescent bulbs azongena emlandweni noma kuzovela ezinye izinguquko ezintsha? Konke lokhu sikudlulisa kulesi sihloko.
Usale kahle, isibani sesibani se-incandescent
Lokhu kukhanya esikunikezwa yizibani zendabuko kuyaqhubeka nokukhanyisa amakamelo emizi eminingi emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, ubudlelwane obuphakathi kokusetshenziswa kukagesi nokukhiqizwa kokukhanya abukho ngasohlangothini lwabo. Ngemuva kokubonakala kwama-LED emakethe, lawa ma-bulb aqhubeka ehlupheka esigabeni somphakathi. Futhi hhayi okuncane, ngoba ama-LED asebenza kahle ngamandla futhi balawula kakhulu umthelela emvelweni. Zidla okuncane kakhulu futhi zinempilo enhle ende ukwedlula ezokujwayelekile nezisetshenziswa kancane.
Ngokubonakala kwamaglobhu wokonga amandla, ama-incandescent aseqalile ukushintshwa. Lawa ma-bulb awaphumelelanga njengama-LED, njengoba isikhathi sokushisa sasiside futhi amandla kagesi engahlangabezani nezidingo ezikhathini eziningi. Uma uvula isibani esisebenzisa kancane, isibani esikunike sona besisincane ekuqaleni futhi, kancane kancane, siyakhanya ngokukhanya. Lokhu kwenzelwa lezo zikhathi lapho ungena egumbini lapho uzohlala khona isikhashana. Emizuzwini embalwa nje, leli gilobhu belingenamandla njengesiqhumane.
Kuphela u-15% wamandla asetshenziswa isibani esivamile esiguqulwa sibe ukukhanya. Konke okunye kumoshwa njengokushisa ngokusebenzisa i-infrared. Kukangaki kwenzeka kuwe ukuthi uthinte isibani esikhanyisiwe bese uzishisile wena Noma usendlini yangasese nokukhanya kwesibuko bese ubona ukushisa okuqhubekayo okunikezwa yileli bhalbhu. Ngokufika kwama-LED nokusebenza kwawo okushisa okuphansi, lokhu akusenzeki.
Umbono omusha wesibani sokukhanya
Yize izinsuku zokukhanya kwendabuko zazinezinsuku zazo zibaliwe, kungenzeka ukuthi, ngenxa yabaphenyi be-MIT, banendawo entsha emakethe. Labo sosayensi bathole indlela yokuthi lesi sibani sithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwaso futhi siqhubeke nokukhanyisa izindlu emhlabeni jikelele njengoba besenzile kuze kube manje ngemuva kokusungulwa kwaso.
Lawa ma-bulb ekuqaleni ayenziwe nguThomas Edison futhi asebenza ngokushisa ucingo oluhle lwe-tungsten. Ukushisa kwalolu cingo kufinyelela kuma-degree angama-2.700. Le ntambo eshisayo ikhipha imisebe ye-blackbody (isibani sokukhanya esenza ibukeke ifudumele) bese ishisa lonke isibani.
Ngokuba namandla angamaphesenti angama-95 isibani esimoshe ngendlela yokushisa, kwenza lawa ma-bulb angasebenzi. Ngalesi sizathu, ama-LED, ngokusebenza ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi kakhulu, aqeda okujwayelekile. Uma uthinta isibani se-LED esisebenzayo awusoze washa.
Abaphenyi eMIT bazamile ukunikeza leligilobhu elinye isibhamu ngokwenza izinto eziningana ukulithuthukisa. Okokuqala ukuthi intambo yensimbi evuthayo ayilahli amandla ayo njengokushisa okusalayo, kepha kunalokho ichithwa ngendlela yemisebe ye-infrared. Enye ingxenye ukuthatha izakhiwo ezizungeze intambo zibenze bathathe imisebe ekhishiwe eshiwo ukuze ibuyiselwe kabusha futhi ikhiphe futhi njengokukhanya okubonakalayo. Ngale ndlela, obekuzotholakala kungaba ukuzama ukwenza ukushisa kungapheli kodwa kubuyiswe kabusha futhi kusetshenziselwe ukukhipha ukukhanya okuningi.
Le yindlela ehloselwe ngayo ukunika isibani sokukhanya kwe-incandescent elinye ithuba.
Izindlela zanamuhla nokuhlolwa okudingekayo
Isakhiwo esizanywa ukudala ukubuyisela kabusha ukushisa okukhishiwe nokukuvimbela ekuqothulweni senziwe ngezinto eziningi eziseMhlabeni, ngakho-ke singakhiwa ngendlela elula ngobuchwepheshe obujwayelekile. Lokhu kuzosiza kakhulu ekwehliseni izindleko zokukhiqiza nokwenza ube nempumelelo yokuthengisa ngenxa yokwanda kwakho kokusebenza kahle.
Uma siqhathanisa ukusebenza kahle kwama-incandescent bulb amasha kungenzeka nalawo amadala siyabona ukuthi lawa anawo ukusebenza kahle phakathi kuka-2 no-3% ngenkathi okusha kungafinyelela kuma-40%. Leli qiniso lingaba yinguquko impela ezweni lokukhanyisa.
Iqiniso alilula njengoba kulinganiselwa ngombono. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngama-bulbs kusashiya kungathandeki. Ukusebenza kahle okuzungeze u-6,6% kuyatholakala. Kodwa-ke, leli phesenti selivele lilingana namaningi ama-compact fluorescent bulbs futhi liseduze nelama-LED.
Phinda usebenzise ukukhanya
Abaphenyi bayibiza le nqubo njengokuphinda kusetshenziswe ukukhanya ngoba ekwakhiweni kwama-bulb amasha bathatha ubude bamaza angafuneki ukuwaguqula abe yilabo abasiza ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo. Ngale ndlela, amandla azosakazwa ayasetshenziswa ukuze aguqulwe abe amandla abonakalayo.
Esinye sezikhiye ezibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwalesi sibani esisha ukuthi ukwenziwa kwe-crystal photonic ekwazi ukusebenza kuma-wavelengths nama-engeli ahlukene. Le yindlela ehloselwe ukufeza ukusebenza kahle kwenqubo yokukhanyisa. Bayakwazi ukuphikisana neminye imithombo ejwayelekile ngisho nama-LED.
Yize abacwaningi becabanga ukuthi ama-LED ama-bulbs ahle kakhulu futhi abalulekile ekongeni ukukhanya, lobu buchwepheshe obusha bungasiza ukukhuthaza ubuchwepheshe obukhona obusebenziseka kalula obusebenzisekayo futhi ngaleyo ndlela bukhuphule ukuncintisana kwezimakethe namandla wamakhasimende.