Impela uzwile ngoJehova Ihlathi lase-Amazon Kuvela emaphashini eplanethi. Ihlathi elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni futhi ukunwetshwa kwalo kufinyelela emazweni angama-9 ane-5 km500,000 yesembozo sehlathi. Ubukhulu baso bokuthi uma sifaka wonke amahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo zomhlaba ngasikhathi sinye, ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon likhulu ngokwengeziwe. Ukubaluleka kwayo akulele kakhulu ekubeni yiphaphu leplanethi, kodwa ngoba futhi kuyikhaya lezinkulungwane zezinhlobo zezitshalo, izilwane kanye nezihlahla, ngakho-ke ukubaluleka kwayo kungenxa yokuthi iyihlathi elinezinto eziphilayo eziningi kakhulu emhlabeni .
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi ngehlathi lase-Amazon, ukubaluleka kwalo nendima yalo ekulawuleni isimo sezulu seplanethi.
Izici eziyinhloko
Ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon litholakala eNingizimu Melika futhi inamakhilomitha-skwele ayizi-5.500.000 XNUMX ohlaza. Isitsha sase-Amazon siyikhaya lamahlathi futhi sikhulu kancane, sihlanganisa amakhilomitha-skwele angaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-7. Umcengezi uyindawo ethululela emfuleni i-Amazon, okusho ukuthi amanzi asemgodini ekugcineni angena eMfuleni i-Amazon.
Ngenxa yokuthi isembozo sehlathi sikhulu kakhulu, ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon lihlanganisa amazwe ayisishiyagalolunye eNingizimu Melika. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iBrazil enamahlathi angama-60%, iPeru eno-13% wesembozo sehlathi, iColombia nge-10%, kanye ne-17% esele IVenezuela, i-Ecuador, iBolivia, iGuyana, iSuriname kanye neFrench Overseas Territory yeFrench Guiana.
Itholakala phakathi kweTropic of Cancer neTropic of Capricorn, i-equator, nolayini ongacabangi ugijima phakathi kwabo, ukuguqula kube yihlathi lemvula "elishisayo". Indawo ephakathi kwemigqa emibili ecatshangelwayo ibizwa ngokuthi ama-tropical, yingakho igama lehlathi lemvula.
Isimo sezulu sehlathi lase-Amazon
Amahlathi emvula ayizikhathi zemvula unyaka wonke. Ehlathini lemvula lase-Amazon azikho izinkathi ezithile zezikhathi ezifana nehlobo, ubusika, ukuwa nentwasahlobo. Wonke umhlaba nohlaza phakathi kwezindawo ezishisayo akuzitholi lezi zikhathi zonyaka.
Esikhundleni salokho, amahlathi emvula babhekana namazinga okushisa aphezulu angama-26-30 ° C unyaka wonke. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umugqa wokucabanga we-equator uthinta ubude bosuku ngamahora ayi-12 okukhanya kwelanga unyaka wonke. Ngakho-ke, kukhona ukukhanya okuqhubekayo kwelanga, okuyingxenye eyinhloko ye-photosynthesis futhi kukhanyise amahlathi emvula unyaka wonke.
Ngokuvamile, yilesi simo esidala ukuthi izinga lokushisa ezindaweni ezishisayo lisuke kubuncane bamadigri angama-22 liye kufika kuma-degree angama-34. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezinga lomswakama elihlala njalo, ihlathi linomswakama kakhulu. Ngenxa yombhede omkhulu wehlathi le izihlahla ezingaphezu kwezigidigidi ezingama-390, umoya uzizwa ushwabana futhi unomswakama, okwenza ukungena ehlathini kube yinkohliso.
Imvelo yehlathi lase-Amazon
Ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon linemvelo enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Lesi simiso semvelo sondliwa uMfula omkhulu i-Amazon, onwebeka izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha futhi oyisisekelo esiyinhloko semvelo. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi esitsheni lingama-degree angama-26, kanti umswakama nemvula kwanele, enomthelela oqondile ku-ecosystem.
Lesi simo sezulu esishisayo futhi esishisayo sikuthinte ukuba khona kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo nezilwane, okwenza amahlathi abe yisibalo esikhulu kunazo zonke zezinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo eziningi ezisengozini yokuqothulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuyona ikhaya lezilwane zasendle kuphela, kodwa futhi kuhlala nabantu base-Aboriginal abahlala ehlathini.
Imvelo yehlathi inkulu kakhulu kangangokuba isiza ukulawula okuqukethwe yikhabhoni yomkhathi wonke weplanethi. Lokhu kungenxa yesizinda sase-Amazon, lapho singangena khona kuze kube ngaphezu kokuphindwe kayishumi ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni yonyaka okusetshenziswa kuphethiloli emhlabeni wonke. Yini enye, ihlathi lisimamisa izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zenhlabathi, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise isivuno esihle sezitshalo ezindaweni ezingomakhelwane. Ihlathi lemvula lisiza ukugcina umjikelezo wamanzi ngokuphefumula futhi kuhlomulisa abalimi kude nehlathi. Ngokwandisa umswakama ophezulu emkhathini, izehlakalo zesomiso ziyancipha.
Konke lokhu okuphilayo nendawo yezemvelo kunciphisa ukugeleza kwamanzi, kuvimbele izikhukhula. Lokhu kungenxa yokuzinza kwenhlabathi nokubambelela kwezigidigidi zezimpande zezihlahla ehlathini. Amahlathi nawo athinta amaphethini emvula, ngakho-ke izindawo eziyizinkulungwane zamamayela ukusuka emanzini zithola imvula eningi unyaka wonke.
Ukuqedwa kwamahlathi
Ukuqothulwa kwamahlathi kungenye yezinkinga ezinkulu kakhulu ezibhekene nehlathi lemvula lase-Amazon. Ngokusho kweFood Agriculture Organisation (FAO), cishe ama-50% wesembozo sehlathi lomhlaba sonakalisiwe. Izizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani i-Amazon ithinteke ngale ndlela ukuhlaliswa kwabantu nokufunwa komhlaba wokusetshenziswa kwezolimo.
Umhlaba ozungeze noma yikuphi ukugeleza kwamanzi uhlala ulungele ezolimo ngoba unokuqukethwe okwanele kwezakhi kanye nokuzala kwenhlabathi. Ngokunjalo, ukutholakala kwesembozo sehlathi kuhumusha kube ikhwalithi engcono yenhlabathi maqondana nokugcinwa kwamanzi kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi, ngaphandle kokushiya kungenzeka ukuguguleka kwenhlabathi.
Iphansi lehlathi livundile futhi linomphumela wokuvimbela. Ukuvunda kwenhlabathi e-Amazon kuncipha kalula ngesikhathi esifushane, okwenza ukulima ensimini kube nzima kakhulu. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inhlabathi enesihlabathi mncane futhi ngenxa yalokho ayizilungele ezolimo.
Ngenxa yalokhu, abalimi bayaqhubeka nokufuna izindawo ezintsha ehlathini ukuze baqhubeke nokuthola izitshalo ezinhle kakhulu, okuholele ekuqhubekeni kokugawulwa kwamahlathi nokucekelwa phansi. Ngalesi sizathu, ihlathi lemvula lase-Amazon libhekene nokuqothulwa kwamahlathi okuphindwe kabili kunamanye amahlathi emvula.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngehlathi lase-Amazon, izici zalo nokubaluleka kweplanethi.