Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kubanga ukwanda kwamazinga okushisa omhlaba ngendlela yokuthi imvelo kanye nezinsizakusebenza esinazo njengamanje, kungafinyeleleki kithi. Kungakho kudingekile ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka vimbela amazinga okushisa omhlaba ekukhuphukeni ngama-2 degrees, njengoba umphakathi wesayensi uvumile.
Enye yezindlela zokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi engcolisa umoya ngokusebenzisa izimoto zikagesi. Uma sihlaziya imithombo esemqoka yokukhishwa kwekhabhoni eSpain, sithola ukuthi izimoto nezokuthutha ziphakathi kokukhishwa okubaluleke kakhulu. Kungathatha izimoto ezingaki ukuthi iSpain ihlangabezane nezinhloso ze-decarbonisation ezidingwa yi-European Union ngo-2050?
Nciphisa ukukhishwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa
I-European Union isethe imigomo ye-decarbonisation maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka. Ukufeza lezi zinhloso, ISpain ibophezelekile ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwayo kwe-CO2 ngokushesha okukhulu. Omunye wemithombo emikhulu yokukhipha izimoto nokuhamba. Kungakho, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezinhloso ezibekwe yi-EU, ISpain izodinga izimoto ezingamagesi ezingama-300.000 neziteshi zikagesi eziyi-11.000 noma amaphuzu amashaja kabusha ngo-2020.
Lesi sibalo sethulwe embikweni obiziwe "Imodeli yokuthutha eyenziwe nge-decarbonized yaseSpain ngo-2050"eMadrid. Lo msebenzi ulungiselelwe ngabeluleki beMonitor Deloitte futhi ubuphethe ukugxila ekwenzeni ngcono ukuthuthwa kwabagibeli ngomgwaqo, kufaka phakathi ukukhuthazwa kwezimoto ezingangcolisi kakhulu. Lokhu kwamuva kuyinto ebalulekile futhi edingekayo uma izinhloso ezibekwe yi-EU zizofezeka, njengoba eSpain, izimoto ezihamba ngogesi ezingama-6.500 2015 kuphela ezisatshalaliswe ngo-300.000 kwezingama-XNUMX ezidingekayo.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali nemakethe yemoto kagesi
ISpain inesibalo esilingana nesabelo semakethe sokuthengiswa kwemoto kagesi 0,2%, ngezansi kwamazwe aseYurophu afana neNorway (23%) noma iNetherlands (10%). Ukuphuthuma kokwandiswa kwenani lezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ezijikelezayo kuhlala kulokhu okushiwo ngenhla; isiminyaminya sezimoto yiso esikhiqiza ukukhishwa okuningi futhi yisona esisala kakhulu ngokwenqubomgomo ye-decarbonisation.
Kuze kube manje, lo mkhakha ubhekele ukukhishwa kwegesi engcolisa ukushisa okushisayo eSpain - amanye amathani ayizigidi ezingama-24 -, okuyiphesenti iningi lawo, I-66% ifana nokudluliswa kwabagibeli ngomgwaqo, kuyilapho ama-28% kungokuthengiswayo. Ukufeza izinhloso ze-EU, iSpain kumele inciphise ukukhishwa okungu-80 no-90% maqondana nango-1990.
Ukuthola inani eliningi kangaka lezimoto zikagesi zijikeleza kungadingeka ukuthi kutshalwe imali ephakathi kwezigidi ezingama-6.000 nezingu-11.000 zama-euro phakathi kwamanje nango-2030. Ngale mali, izinqubomgomo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe kungaholwa phambili ekushintsheni kusuka kwezokuthutha kususelwa kumafutha ezimbiwa kuya kwesinye kugesi. Ukuphela kwendlela ekhona yokufeza izinhloso ze-EU ngo-2025 kuzoba khona phakathi kuka-1,5 no-2 million wezimoto zikagesi eSpain. Ngo-2030 kufanele kube khona cishe izimoto eziyizigidi eziyisithupha kwathi ngonyaka wezi-6 ezazinenjini yangaphakathi yomlilo zazingasathengiswa.
Kuzodingeka futhi ukukhuthaza ujantshi kagesi, okuthi ngo-2030 kufanele ukwazi ukuhambisa ama-20% wezimpahla ezihamba eSpain, ezizodinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okulingene okwengeziwe kwama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-900 ngonyaka kuze kufike usuku olufanayo.
Ukuhlanganisa yonke imali edingekayo ekuthengeni izimoto zikagesi, ingqalasizinda yokushaja nengqalasizinda yokwakhiwa kojantshi wezimpahla, kungadingeka ukutshala imali phakathi kwezigidi ezingama-15.000 nezingama-28.000 zama-euro njengalo nyaka.
Inani eliphansi lezikhala zokushaja kufanele libe yi-4.000 ku-2020, i-45.000 ku-2025 kanye ne-80.000 ku-2030; ngokuqhathanisa, okwamanje bangu-1.700 XNUMX kuphela kulo lonke izwe laseSpain. Izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi zifuna kakhulu namuhla futhi nzalo nayo ingasebenza njengenguquko kwezokuhamba nasekusakazeni. Kodwa-ke, ama-hybrids asebenzisa okokubasa, ngakho-ke azosebenza iminyaka embalwa kuphela.
Ngaphandle kokujaha, mabahambe bayothenga izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi bese bezigingqa, sizobathenga lapho indima abazoyidlala icacile ,! º ukuthi bayaqopha, 2nd Lapho izixazululo zokuqala sezivele zisetshenzisiwe, sizobathenga.