IJapan izwe elibhekana nokuzamazama komhlaba kaningi, ngakho-ke izinyathelo zokuvikela nokuvikela okufanele zithathwe mikhulu impela. Eminyakeni eyisithupha edlule selokhu kwaba nokuzamazama komhlaba okwazamazama iJapan kwaholela enhlekeleleni yenuzi eyaqopha umlando kusukela ngesehlakalo saseChernobyl, eyaziwa ngokuthi ingozi yenuzi yaseFukushima.
Kuyiqiniso ukuthi inhlekelele yalezi zici ayenzeki kaningi, kepha, ilimaza ingxenye enkulu yengqalasizinda ebalulekile yomphakathi futhi izilimaze yona uqobo. IJapan kufanele icabangele lezi zinto ukuze ivikele izakhamizi zayo futhi igcine isimo sezwe esihle. Iyini imiphumela yohlobo lwenhlekelele enjengale?
Ingozi yenuzi yaseFukushima
Ngo-Mashi 11, 2011, ukuzamazama komhlaba okwadala umonakalo ongamakhilomitha ayi-9 ubukhulu obungamakhilomitha ayi-130 ukusuka ogwini lwaseJapan kanye ne-tsunami eyalandela yabulala impilo ngaphezu kwabantu abangu-18.000 futhi babeyimvelaphi yenkinga yenuzi yaseFukushima esakhathaza.
Ngenxa yesimo sayo maqondana ne-plate tectonics kanye nesimo sezulu, iJapan iyizwe elilungiselelwe kakhulu emhlabeni ukuphatha imiphumela yezinhlekelele zemvelo. Ngenxa yemvamisa enkulu lapho izehlakalo ezimbi kakhulu njengeziphepho, ukuzamazama komhlaba, njll. AmaJapane akulungele ukuvikela noma okungenani ukunciphisa umonakalo kanye nenani lezisulu ezithintekile ngalezi ziqephu.
Ukushona kwabantu okwenzeka ngo-2011 kwakungenxa yezizathu ezahlukene. Ngaphansi kuka-10% walabo abashonile bakwenzile lokhu ngenxa yokuzamazama komhlaba, ngakho-ke singagqamisa ukulungiswa kwalolu hlobo lomcimbi. Konke okunye ukufa kubangelwe ukuminza kusuka ku-tsunami eyadalwa ukuzamazama komhlaba. Uma sikuqhathanisa nokuzamazama komhlaba okukhulu okwenzeka eKobe e unyaka ka-1995 lapho kufa abantu abangu-80% ngenxa yemfucumfucu, singasho ukuthi iJapan ithuthukisa izinhlelo zayo zokuphepha nokuvikela.
Izingozi ezibhekene namaJapane
Ukubhekana nezingozi ezinkulu nezenzeka kaningi njengokuzamazama komhlaba, amaJapane aklame ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo ukuze kube ubufakazi balokhu. Leli thuluzi lokwakha selibe yingxenye esemqoka lapho kuhlongozwa izindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa ezinye izinhlobo zobungozi, njengalezi abanazo manje ngokuba sengozini kwezikhungo zamandla enuzi.
Ukufunda lesi sifundo kahle, kuyakhumbula ukuthi isigameko senuzi saseFukushima asikapheli nokuthi ukubaluleka kokuthatha izinyathelo zokuqapha kubalulekile. Ingozi yenuzi yaseFukushima iyimbi kakhulu kusukela kwenzeka ingozi yaseChernobyl (Ukraine) ngo-1986. Ama-reactor alinyazwa kakhulu ngemuva kokuzamazama komhlaba kanye ne-tsunami eyalandela, futhi namuhla isasekela abantu abangu-40.000 XNUMX abasele dengwane.
Amanzi angcolile aqhubeka nokuba yinkinga kubantu, yize imisebe ilawulwa ezindaweni zomhlaba nasezitshalweni. Okuntula iJapan ukufuna nokutadisha izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamandla aphephe kunenuzi, ngokwesibonelo amandla avuselelekayo. Lezi zingozi zenuzi kumele zishiye izifundo ezingafundwa ukuze zisize ukuthuthukisa ikusasa lamandla.
Eminye imithombo yamandla
Ukuze kwenziwe ukuqhathanisa lokho iJapan okudingeka ikuthuthukise ngokwamandla nokuphepha, isibonelo esincane senziwe neSpain. Ngenkathi ngo-2015, ISpain ibe no-40% wokukhiqizwa kukagesi ngokuvuselelwa, iJapane yayingama-14% kuphela.
Ngaphambi kwesigameko saseFukushima, akekho owayekhathalela ngomthombo okhiqizwa kuwo logesi. Kodwa-ke, kufanele ucabange ngomthombo wamandla ngoba uzobe ukhetha ikusasa.
Ibhekene nezinsongo zemicimbi eyeqisayo njengama-tsunami, iJapan ifake amathuluzi amasha okuvikela njengezimpawu, izikhulisazwi kanye nengqalasizinda ukunciphisa imiphumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhulumeni waseJapan unikele ngezinsizakusebenza eziningi ukumaka izindawo ezinobungozi be-tsunami nokulungisa izindawo ezisogwini.
Ezweni lelo Iqoqa ama-20% emhlabeni wonke wakho konke ukuzamazama komhlaba okungenani ama-degree ayi-6 esikalini sikaRichter, ukulungiswa kwabantu kubaluleke kakhulu.