Scolopendra

Nhasi tichataura nezveboka remhuka dzinove dzechylum yeArthropods yekirasi Chilopods uye kune genus remamirapodhi. Ndezve iyo scolopendra. Idzi mhuka dzinozivikanwa zvakanyanya nekuve nemuviri wakasurukirwa pane yekumashure ventral chikamu uye maviri mapena. Izvo zvipuka zvehukuru hushoma uye zvinozivikanwa nemazino avo ekubairira huturu.

Muchikamu chino tichaudza iwe nezve zvese hunhu, pekugara, kufudza uye kubereka kweiyo scolopendra.

Mhando huru

Iyo scolopendra ndeye myriapod iyo inoumbwa nekushushikana pane iyo ventral dorsum uye ine mbiri mbiri yeiyo antenna ane pakati pe 17 ne 30 knuckles. Ivo vane pakati pemakumi maviri nemaviri nemapfumbamwe emakumbo emakumbo, pakati payo iri yakagadzirisa maviri ekutanga semazino ayo anoshanda kubaya huturu. Aya maviri fangs anonzi macalipers. Iwo anowanzo kuve mashoma muhukuru, kunyange achigona kudarika 30 cm.

Ivo vanoonekwa seaya masaya arthropods uye vane shaya ine meno uye howa. Maitiro ekudyisa ane maviri maviri eshaya ayo anoshanda kupa chikafu. Makumbo ayo ane mitsara yakawanda uye akaumbwa chete nebazi rimwe chete. Iwo maviri ekutanga ekurovera anoshandurwa semachewe ane chepfu anoshandiswa pakuvhima. Kune rimwe divi, makumbo maviri ekupedzisira ndiwo anoshanda senhengo inoziva uye inodzivirira. Yakareba kupfuura mamwe ese uye hauishandisi kupuruzira.

Hukuru hwe scolopendra hunosiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yazvinokura. MuEurope, chienzaniso chikuru chinogona kusvika 17 masendimita pakureba. Nepo iwo masampuli anowanikwa muzvitsuwa zveCaribbean anogona kupeta akareba urefu. Ivo vane yakakwana kwazvo yekugaya system. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti vane dumbu rekugaya rinotangira mumuromo uye rinogumira mune anus. Ichi ndicho chimwe chehunhu hwemamirapods. Iyo yekugaya system inoumbwa neyemberi, midgut, uye hindgut.

Kana iri yekufema system, vane tracheal system. Izvi zvakajairika pakati peChilopods. Mukurongeka kwema scolopendras isu tine mweya wekufema stigmata uyo vanokwanisa kutaurirana nekunze uye vane basa rekugona kufema. Aya maseru ane machubhu akati wandei anomhanya nemuviri wemhuka. Aya machubhu anozivikanwa nezita reti tracheae uye anowanikwa mumadziro akafanana anogadzirwa nekuchinjana gasi.

Iyo hunyanzvi system ndeyechinyakare chaizvo sezvo iri yeiyo ganglionic mhando. Aya ndedzimwe shanduko dzakarongedzwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzinogona kutaura neyakagaya system. Ivo vanopihwa simba kune yepakati cheni yetsinga inomhanya kureba mukati memuviri wese.

Nzvimbo yeiyo scolopendra

Idzi mhuka dzinofamba usiku uye panguva yemasikati dzinowanzohwanda mumakwenzi, matombo, matanda, mashizha nemikoto yedombo. Kuti vagadzire burrow, ivo vanovaka matumba apo ivo vari pasi. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei idzi mhuka dzichida nzvimbo dzine hunyoro hwehukama. Hunyoro hwehukama hwepamusoro hunovabatsira kuti ivhu dhizaini inyorove uye nekudaro vanogona kuchera zviri nyore.

Idzi mhuka dzine huwandu hwakatambanuka kubva kunzvimbo dzerenje kusvika kumasango econiferous. Mhando dzinoverengeka dzinogona kuwanikwa mu flatwood miti. Ndokunge, mhuka idzi dzinoonekwa sedzemarudzi akasiyana siyana. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kune mienzaniso ye scolopendra kutenderera pasirese. Mazhinji emhando idzi anowanikwa munzvimbo dzinopisa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti munzvimbo idzi mune hunyoro hwakanyanya mwero uye ivhu nyoro. Idzo chete nzvimbo dzatisingawani mhuka iyi iri munzvimbo dzepolar.

Nekudaro, kune mamwe marudzi ane akaganhurirwa renji. Kune mamwe marudzi senge scolopendra pomacea , que inozivikanwa chete mune mamwe matunhu epakati peMexico. Vamwe vane nzvimbo yakakura yekuparadzira sezvo vachigona kuwanikwa zvakanyanya pasirese.

Chii chinonzi scolopendra chinodyisa?

Aya maarthropods mhuka dzinodya mhuka. Chairo chakabata zvipembenene zvidiki zvakaita se lo iwo mapuruguru, hwiza, mapete, uye nyuchi nezvimwe arthropods senge madandemutande nezvinyavada. Kunyangwe isingaite kazhinji, hozhwa nehonye dzevhu zvinowanzovewo chikamu chekudya kwavo.

Mhando dzakakura dze scolopendra dzine huturu hwakanyanya uye dzinogona kudya kumhuka hombe. Dzimwe dzadzo dzinodya matatya, madzvinyu, mbeva, dzimwe mhando dzeshiri, nedzimwe mhando dzenyoka.

Sekureva kwemasayendisiti, kuti vaone mhuka yavanoshandisa vanoshandisa antenna. Kune mamwe masayendisiti anofunga kuti kuitira kubata mhuka ivo vanoshandisa maviri ekupedzisira makumbo ayo anoshanda senhengo inonzwa. Kaviri kiyi iyi yakashongedzerwa zvikuru neminzwa nezvipikiri uye inoshanda kudhonza muviri uye kutyaira vanopinda mukati mayo kuitira kuti iite mitezo kana kuvauraya. Kamwe iyo scolopendra yatora chayabata, inopinza uturu mairi. Asi haisunungure mhuka yayo, asi inoichengeta kwenguva yakareba sezvinobvira yakabata shaya dzayo yechipiri uye macalipers. Ivo vanoshandisa shaya seyakazara neshaya dzekutanga kuti vakwanise kushambadzira chitunha kuchimedza.

Kuberekerwa

Idzi mhuka dzine rudzi rwepabonde kubereka. Ivo vane oviparous nekufambiswa kwakananga. Izvi zvinoreva kuti zai rinochochonya nenzira inopa mwana ane hunhu hwakafanana newemunhu mukuru asi sekukura pabonde kusati kwakura uye nehukuru hudiki. Hatchlings dzinokwanisa kuzvidzivirira dzoga kubva panguva yavanochochonya.

Vakadzi vane ovary imwechete uye inowanikwa munzvimbo yekumusoro nekuremekedza nzira yekugaya. Vanhurume vanogona kuve nemachende akati wandei munzvimbo yekumisikidza uye ndiwo anodurura mageteti mune imwechete spermiduct. Mukadzi anounganidza spermatophore uye anoisuma mukuvhura kwake kwepamuviri kune spermatheca. Hadzi inowanzoisa mazai anosvika gumi nemashanu pakuberekera imwe neimwe. Izvo zvinongoshandisa kuchengetedzwa kwevabereki kudzamara zvakuchwa.

Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve escolopendra.