Muna 1991, yekutanga furazi yemhepo yekumhiri kwepasi yakasikwa, iyo ye Vindeby. Iyo yakaiswa muDenmark, mumvura dzeGungwa reBaltic, uye yaive neanegumi nemagetsi emhepo. Pakupera kwa2016, iyo yakaisirwa simba remhepo yekumahombekombe yakasvika pamusoro pe9000 (MW). Nhasi, simba remhepo yekumhiri kwemakungwa inoenderera mberi kuva imwe yemabheji emangwana anowoneka ezvimutsidzirwa, kunyange hazvo isiri tekinoroji inobatsira chose.
Parizvino, purazi remhepo hombe kumahombekombe egungwa riri pamhenderekedzo yeKent (England). Kunyangwe iri paki hombe pasi rese, vanosimudzira vacho vanoronga kuwedzera simba rayo kusvika pamazana masere nemakumi masere nemasere eMW muchikamu chechipiri kumirira kubvumidzwa.
Mushure memakore mana ekuvaka uye mari yekudyara inopfuura2.200 mamiriyoni euros, paki yakaumbwa ne 175 Vestas SWT turbines emhepo, Aya anotambanudzira kugungwa kunotora nzvimbo inosvika zana zana mativi emakiromita pachinhambwe chemakiromita makumi maviri kubva kuKent coast, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEngland.
Avhareji ye Makiromita 450 tambo dzepasi pegungwa uye nzvimbo mbiri dzekumahombekombe, iyo inoisa pakati simba rinogadzirwa nemhepo turbines usati waendesa kune iyo pasi mukati.
Kuunganidza mhepo turbines
Zvekugadzwa kweiri yega turbine yemhepo kumahombekombe, zvave zvakafanira kuvaka yakajairwa mesh yemapira yakachinjika kune chaiwo maitiro egungwa, nehupamhi hunosiyana pakati pe5 kusvika 25 metres zvichienderana nenyaya. Izvi zvinotsigira zvinobvumidza yega yega turbini kusimudzwa Vestas SWT-3.6MW-120 pamusoro pegungwa, uye kune rimwe divi, ita senheyo yekuendesa huremu hwayo kusvika 225 toni kuguruva.
Imwe yeane 175 turbines emhepo ane kureba kwe 147 mamita, 90 mamita rotor dhayamita uye blade kureba kwe 58,5 mamita. Zvekufambisa kwesimba rinogadzirwa nemumwe wavo, pane 210? km yetambo yepasi pegungwa inobatanidza yega yega ma turbine neaya maviri ekumahombekombe echiteshi, uye izvi zvinobva zvabatana nekumisikidza Cleve chikomo panyika yakaoma kuburikidza 4 tambo dze150 kV izvo zvinosvika iyo 220? km zvehurefu.
Zvinoenderana nekufungidzira kwevanosimudzira, mu2012 iyo iripo mhepo yekumahombekombe purazi kusvika zvino yakapihwa nezve a 1,5% yemagetsi, asi neLondon Array nhamba iyi inotarisirwa kukwira pamusoro pe 5% nekudaro kudzivirira kuburitswa kwe 925.000 toni pagore CO2.
Kuzivikanwa kwesimba remhepo seimwe yeasina kusvibisa uye akachengeteka munzvimbo yesimba reEuropean iri kutanga kutamba chinhanho chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwesimba rinowedzerwazve pasirese yepasirese. Panyaya yemhepo yekumahombekombe, simba rinogadzirwa nema turbines rine hushoma mhedzisiro pa nzvimbo, haidi kurasa kana kufambisa ivhu, uye kuve iri kumahombekombe, zvine zvazvinoita zvishoma hasha pane mhuka uye zvinomera zvichienzaniswa nemhepo yakajairika.
Kuwedzera kweramangwana
ILondon Array yapfuura zvinotarisirwa nepurazi remhepo mu Greater Gabbard, zvivakwa zviri munzvimbo imwechete iyo kusvika zvino yakabata zita rehukuru kwazvo offshore mhepo purazi munyika ine chinzvimbo chakaiswa che 500 MW. Asi hazvisi izvo zvoga.
Ine pfungwa yekuenderera mberi nekutungamira mujaho unoyevedza mumhepo yekumahombekombe yakaitwa neUnited Kingdom, vanosimudzira veLondon Array ikozvino vafunga kuwedzera simba rayo kubva parizvino 630 MW kusvika ku 870. Chikamu chechipiri ichi chakamirira kubvumidzwa nevakuru vane masimba akasiyana, asi chinosimbisa purazi remhepo seriri rakakura kupfuura ose akambovakwa. Mune ino 2017 tichava nemhinduro?