Pakati pezvisikwa zvipenyu zvekukosha kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza nekuchengetedza zvipenyu, pane iyo matope. Chinangwa chegore negore ndechekuita kuti vanhu vazive kukosha kwekuchengetedza izvi zvinokosha zvakasikwa zvipenyu. Naizvozvo, Kukadzi 2 wegore rega rega iWorld Wetlands Day. Matope inzvimbo ine ecosystem umo ivhu rinonyudzwa zvachose kana nguva nenguva nemvura. Izvi zvinogona kuitika munzvimbo dzine mvura yakachena uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzine salinity.
Muchinyorwa chino tichakuudza zvese zvaunoda kuziva pamusoro pemanyoro, maitiro awo uye kukosha kwawo.
Wetlands
Inzvimbo yakasikwa ine ecological balance, yakavakirwa paivhu rinogara rakafashama kana kuti risingaperi. Izvi zvipenyu zvinogona kuonekwa munzvimbo dzine mvura yakachena kana yemunyu. Nekuda kwehunhu uhu, manyoro anogona kuchengetedza huwandu hwakakura hwezvipenyu, kupa upfumi hwepanyama zvisikwa zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvisingaenzaniswi.
Zuva reWorld Wetlands Day rinosimbisa kukosha kwematoro nekuti akakosha mukurarama kwedu mune remangwana. Manyoro anogona kuve echisikigo kana kuti akagadzirwa nevanhu. Mamwe marudzi ematoro echisikigo anogona kuwedzera kuita machakwi, mamwe machakwi nenzvimbo dzawo dzemurwizi, peatlands, nezvimwe. Ukuwo, tinogona Ona manyoro akagadzirwa kana kushandurwa. Chero bedzi mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza achibvumira, vanogona kubata hunyoro kwenguva pfupi uye zvachose.
Kazhinji, idzi mhando dzematope akavakwa anovakwa kuchengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana zviri panjodzi yekutsakatika. Iyo inoshandiswawo kune zvinangwa zvekushanya kugovera masevhisi ezvakatipoteredza uye kubatsira kuparadzira kukosha kwekuchengetedzwa kwechisikigo.
Mhando dzematope
Nekuda kwekuti nzvimbo dzemvura idzi dzakapfuma kwazvo, dzave midziyo yakakosha yekuchengetedza zvisikwa. Kune marudzi akasiyana-siyana ematoro, uye anoiswa mumapoka maererano nemhando yemvura inoagadzira uye mamwe maitiro atinofanira kutevera. Musiyano mukuru pakati pemhando dzemanyoro imhando yemvura. Tinowana nzvimbo dzine mvura yakachena uye mvura ine munyu. Tinokwanisa zvakare kusiyanisa pakati pemanyoro echisikigo nemanyoro akagadzirwa nevanhu.
Nekuti idzi nzvimbo nyoro dzakapfuma kwazvo, dzave maturusi akakosha ekudzivirira zvakasikwa. Kune mhando dzakasiyana dzematope, uye dzinosarudzwa zvichienderana nerudzi rwemvura dzinovagadzira pamwe nehumwe hunhu hwatinofanira kutevedzera. Musiyano mukuru pakati pemhando dzematope ndiyo mhando yemvura. Isu tinowana matsime emvura isina mvura uye emvura yemunyu. Tinogona zvakare kusiyanisa pakati pematope echisikigo nematope akagadzirwa nevanhu.
Ngatione kuti ndeapi marudzi akasiyana emanyowani:
- Fluvial wetland: Ivhu remanyoro rine maitiro echisikigo uye rudzi rwemvura yakachena. Kazhinji dzinoumbwa nenzizi, hova, uye mapopoma.
- Dziva renzvimbo dzemvura: Iwo akaumbwa kuburikidza nemadziva uye mamwe echisikigo emvura yakachena lagoons.
- Tropical palustres: Inosanganisira nzvimbo dzine zvitubu zvidiki, maoasi, mapani emvura, masango ane machakwi, machakwi, uye mabhogi. Chinhu chikuru cherudzi urwu rwemanyoro ndechekuti ose ane zviwanikwa uye mvura yakachena.
- Nzvimbo nyoro dzeMarine: Seizvo zita rinoratidzira, iwo masango emvura, asi akagadzirwa nemvura yemunyu. Iwo anowanzoonekwa munzvimbo dzemahombekombe uko gungwa risina kudzika, senge mamwe matombo, mahombekombe ane jecha uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzine mavhu.
- Chakagadzirwa: aya ndiwo materu anogadzirwa kubva kumabasa emunhu nechinangwa chekuchengetedza kana kudzora imwe vhoriyamu yemvura. Pano tinogona kuona dzimba dzekuchengetedza nemadhamu. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuve nechinangwa chekuchengetedza imwe huwandu kana mhando dzemhando dzakachengetedzwa nemhuka.
- Mitsetse: nzizi zhinji dzinoumba nzizi pamberi pemuromo wayo wekupedzisira uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzine nyoro dzinogadzirwa. Hunhu hwavo hukuru ndewekuti ivo vanoumbwa nemvura ine munyu kubva kumahombekombe uye ndeye yakasikwa mavambo. Dzimwe nguva inokwanisa kugadzira mvura yemunyu kana nzvimbo dzemangrove.
- Mvura yemunyu nyanza nyorova: Inotaridzika zvakanyanya senge yapfuura, asi ese madziva nemadhamu ane brackish sezvaanowanikwa munzvimbo dzemahombekombe. Ivo zvakare vane echisikigo mavambo.
Mhando huru
Zvisikwa zvipenyu zvatataura pamusoro zvinofanirwa kusangana nemhando shoma dzemamiriro nehunhu hwehwaro hwadzo semanyoro. Aya ndiwo maitiro makuru:
Manyoro inzvimbo dziya dzekuchinja dzine shanduko zvishoma nezvishoma pakati pezvipenyu zvemumvura nepasi. Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti ivo vanoonekwa seyakasanganiswa ecosystem sezvo ivo vachichengetedza maitiro ezvose. Pamusoro peizvi, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti zvimwe zvikamu zvinonyanya kutarisisa pane ecosystem yepasi nepo mamwe mativi e manyoro ane hunhu hwakanyanya hunhu hwezvipenyu zvemugungwa. Semuenzaniso, tinowana nzvimbo dzemafashamo dzinonyanya kufanana nezvisikwa zvemugungwa uye dzinogona kuva dzenguva pfupi uye zvachose. Vanowanzoonekwa kwenguva pfupi munzvimbo dzine diki diki uye mafashama nyore kana kuchinaya zvakanyanya.
Mvura yenzvimbo dzakanyorova inofanira kunge iri mvura isingayerere nekuti haigone kuve neyakawanda ikozvino. Dzinogona chete kuva nemhepo diki uye inoumbwa nemvura yakachena kana yemunyu. Dzinogonawo kusanganisira nzvimbo diki dzegungwa dzine humwe hudzamu. Kazhinji, iyo tidal effect kazhinji haina kunyanya kukwira. Chinhu chakajairika ndechekuti mhedzisiro haipfuure 6 metres yemusiyano.
Muganhu wevhu unowanzotarwa nemhando yezvinomera zviripo panzvimbo yega yega. Izvo zvinomera zvakanyanya ndeye hydrophilic. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanowanzokura uye kukura zvakanaka mumvura. Mumwe anogona kusiyanisa pakati pezvinomera zvinomiririra muganhu wenzvimbo yemvura iyo isiri-hydrophilic. Apa ndipo panogumira imwe ecosystem uye imwe ichitanga nehunhu hwakajairwa neiyo ecosystem yepasi.
Manyoro inzvimbo yakanaka yekugara kune nhamba huru yemarudzi akasiyana. Shiri dzinotama dzakanyanya sezvo dzichigona kudya uye kuzorora munzvimbo dzine mvura pasi rose. Ivo zvakare vanoshandiswa kuhibernate uye kuita vadiki. Kune rimwe divi, iwe unogona zvakare kuwana huwandu hukuru hwezvirimwa nemhuka dzakadai zvinoyamwisa, amphibians, zvinokambaira, hove uye tumbuyu.
Kukosha kwezvakatipoteredza kwenzvimbo nyoro
Wetlands inzvimbo yakachengetedzwa nechikonzero. Uye ndezvekuti ivo vanoita basa rakakosha kune yakajairika kushanda kwezvisikwa. Vanokwanisa kuchengetedza huwandu hwakawanda hwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye zvinomera zvinorarama nemvura zvinokura. Mukuwedzera, iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera kukosha kwevanhu. Matope anogona kugadzira nzvimbo dzekurima chikafu chinoda mvura yakawanda kuti urime sezvirimwa zvemupunga.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha kuti ukwanise kuchengetedza humidity sezvazviri. kudzorwa kweiyo hydrological cycle inosanganisira pamusoro uye aquifers. Matope ari kushanda nesimba mukudzora kukukurwa kwevhu nekugadzirisa mafambiro ekudya. Izvi ndizvo zvikonzero zvikuru zvinoita kuti nzvimbo zhinji dzematoro dzive nedziviriro dzinoonekwa senzvimbo inochengeterwa mhuka.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro penzvimbo dzemvura uye kuti chii chakakosha.