Kukosha kukuru kwesimba remhepo

Kuti uongorore kukosha kwesimba remhepo munzvimbo yesimba yepasi rose, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise zvese zvinongedzo muketani izvo anodiwa kugadzira chishongo mukorona, inozivikanwa turbine yemhepo izvo zvinoumba mapurazi emhepo, mhuka yehunyanzvi yeshanduko yazvino.

Tevere isu tinotsanangura kuti aya mapurazi emhepo anoshanda sei. Kunze kweiyo kukosha kukuru kwesimba rakagadzirwa kwavari muhupenyu hwedu, uye seimwe nzira yeanopfuura ari pedyo ramangwana.

Mhepo purazi inoshanda

Kushandiswa kwe 1 MW turbine yakaiswa mupurazi remhepo inogona kusvika dzivirira 2000 matani ekabhoni dhayokisaidhi (CO2), kana magetsi akaburitswa aburitswa neremoelectric zvinomera.

Nekutarisa zvese zvinongedzo muketani, simba uye zvinhu zvinodiwa zvese zvekugadzira Kana kuri kuputswa kwemagetsi emhepo, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti chiyero chesimba rakadyiwa chinonakidza.

Iyo yehupenyu kutenderera kwemhepo turbine inodzidziswa zvakare. A 2,5 MW turbine yemhepo, Iine hupenyu hunobatsira hwemakore angangoita makumi maviri pasi peyakajairika mashandiro ezvinhu, inogona gadzira kusvika 3.000 MW pagore, izvo zvinokwana kudyiwa kwekutenderedza Chiuru kusvika kumazana matatu emisha (zvinoenderana nekushandisa) pagore. Hupenyu hunobatsira hwemhepo turbine inofungidzirwa pakati pemakore makumi maviri nemakumi maviri nemashanu.

Unogona kusiyanisa a "diki " turbine yemhepo (kubva pamakumi mashoma emawati kusvika ku10 KW) iyo inoshandiswa iyo kupomba mvura kana kupa magetsi kunzvimbo dziri dzoga, emagetsi emhepo ane simba kwazvo (kubva pa50 KW kusvika pa5 MW) akabatana nemagetsi emagetsi, ayo ari iwo ari kuwedzera kuvandudzwa. Iwo ekupedzisira anowanzo kuve akabatanidzwa mune izvo zvinonzi eolico Park.

Anenge ese turbine emhepo anogadzira magetsi inosanganisira rotor ine mashizha kana mashizha anotenderera zvakapoteredza akabatana. Ichi chi yakasungirirwa kumusangano wekufambisa kwema mechanical kana kuwanda uye, pakupedzisira, kune a Magetsi jenareta, ese ari maviri ari muchikuva akaturikwa pamusoro peshongwe.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti blade kureba Ichave nesarudzo yekugadzira yakawanda kana shoma simba kana kumhanyisa, sezvo yakakura iyo iyo yakakura yakatsvairwa nzvimbo inosvika uye sezviri pachena ichaburitsa kuwedzera simba.

Kukosha kwesimba remhepo

• Vanopikisa mapurazi emhepo munyika dzakasimukira vanowanzoitisana nharo nezve kusvibiswa kunoonekwa, ruzha rwayo uye kuti kugadzirwa kwayo hakuna kukwana kuvhara zvinodiwa nesimba. Iyo mhepo ine simba Inofanirwa kutariswa senge nyowani sosi yesimba, simba rakachena, rinoshanduka uye rinowirirana kune mamwe marudzi ekugadzira.

• Kana ari kusagadzikana iyo iyo inogona kukonzeresa, ivo vanogara vari vazhinji yakaderera pane iyo inokonzereswa nemamwe marudzi esimba semuenzaniso, semarasha kana simba renyukireya.

• Ngatirege kukanganwa kuti kuva simba rinogadzirwa nemhepo, uye kufamba kwayo, isimba remagetsi saka harisvibise, uye rimwe remasimba akachena kwazvo Chii chatinogona kuwana.

Dambudziko remangwana ndere tora yakachipa, isinga shatise, inovandudzwa uye svikiro sosi kune ese nyika dzepasirese (dzakaoma nema lobbies kunze uko), iyo inobvumidza kutakurwa, maindasitiri uye dzimba kudzikisira kuvimba kwedu nemafuta nhasi, uye zvinoita kunge simba remhepo ndeimwe yesarudzo dzakanakisisa mune izvi.

Iyo huru purazi remhepo muSpain iri muEl Andévalo (Huelva)

Spain, kuve sezvazviri piyona uye pointer nyika mukushandiswa kwesimba remhepo, kunyangwe mumakore achangopfuura kuiswa kwemapaki matsva kwakamira. Kunyangwe, isu tichiri kugona kuzvirumbidza nekuve nepurazi remhepo rakakura mukondinendi yeEurope.

Iyo ndiyo El Andévalo yakaoma, iyo ine ayo 292 MW simba rinongopfuurwa nepaki yeWhitelee muScotland, iyo inosvika 322. Chinhu chinoshamisira ndechekuti zvese zviri zvekambani imwe chete, uye iSpanish, Iberdrola Renovables, uye zvese zvine turbine kubva kuBasque kambani Gamesa.

Kana iyo Andévalo yaive yake makore mashoma apfuura, kambani iyi yakasimbisa nzvimbo yayo ye mutungamiri wesimba simba remhepo zvese muAndalusia, iine 851 MW, uye muSpain yese, ne5.700 MW.

Ari kupi Andévalo?

Iri pakati pemaseru eHuelva eEl Almendro, Alosno, San Silvestre nePuebla de Guzmán, kumaodzanyemba kwedunhu iri reAndalusian. Iyo yakaoma, iyo yakatanga ku kumhanya muna 2010Inogadzirwa nemapurazi emhepo sere: Majal Alto (50 MW), Los Lirios (48 MW), El Saucito (30 MW), El Centenar (40 MW), La Tallisca (40 MW), La Retuerta (38 MW) , Las Cabezas (18 MW) uye Valdefuentes (28 MW).

Pakazara, izvo zvambotaurwa 292 MW, izvo zvinobvumidza kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwegore rino kweichi chikuru chirimwa kuwanisa dzimba 140.000 uye zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvinodzivirira kubuda mamiriro ekunze hapana kana chidiki pane 510.000 toni ye CO2.

Maive muna Kukadzi 2010 apo Iberdrola Renovales yakatora muridzi weiyo yose yakaoma. Iyo purazi remhepo yeLos Lirios ndiyo yekupedzisira yavakawana, sechikamu chekutenga nekutengesa chibvumirano chemapurazi emhepo muAndalusia yakasainwa naGamesa. Iko kushanda, kunova chikamu chechibvumirano chakasainwa nemakambani ese ari maviri muna2005 yekutengesa kwemapurazi emhepo muAndalusia. Yake mari yekupedzisira yakapfuura mamirioni mazana matatu emamiriyoni.