Muzvinyorwa zvakapfuura tanga tichiona kuti yaive iyo kukanganisa. Iyo gasi uye hunyanzvi hwekuburitsa hunyanzvi kuita hunyanzvi uhu, kumanikidza kwakashandiswa pane imwe ivhu yezvinhu uko kwainofanira kutorwa. Izvi zvinoshandisa kushandisa zvakaputsika zvatove mukati medombo uye kuburitsa iripo gasi kana mafuta. Nhasi tinotarisa pane iyo fracking muSpain. Kukwirisa kwakaitwa sei mumakore aya uye nekushanduka kwaakaita nguva dzese. Nei fracking yarega kushandiswa?
Muchikamu chino tichakuudza zvese nezve fracking muSpain.
Mhedzisiro yekutsvaira
Dambudziko rekutsemura nderekuti inzira inoparadza nzvimbo zhinji dzepasi. Iko kukanganisa kwezvemamiriro ekunze kwakakwirira sezvo mamwe masosi gasi akachengetedzwa angango svikika. Kune ongororo dzakawanda dzinoratidzira zvakashata zvinokonzereswa nekukwiridzira pane zvakatipoteredza. Inokuvadza zvese zvinomera, mhuka, mvura, ivhu uyezve hutano hwevanhu. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti mhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari anoshandiswa kuputsa uye kutetepa dombo. Kamwe kana makemikari aya achinge ashandiswa, iyo yemvura uye ivhu zvinopedzisira zvasvibiswa. Nechikonzero ichi, hunyanzvi hwekuburitsa gasi nemafuta kwagara kuri kunetsana.
Haisisiri chete kusvibiswa kunogadzirwa nehunyanzvi uhu asiwo nemweya we greenhouse unoburitsirwa mudenga, pakati payo pane methane gasi inomira. Iyi gasi ndiyo inonyanya kukuvadza mumhepo sezvo iine greenhouse athari kupfuura carbon dioxide pachayo. Kune mamwezve makemikari anoshandiswa se benzene nemutobvu izvo zvakaverengerwa kunge carcinogenic.
Tichaongorora kuti mafashama ekuparadza muSpain akachinja sei. Kubva pakutanga kwekushandisa kwayo uye kushandisa seyakawanikwa zviwanikwa kusvika zvadzikira.
Kupwanya muSpain
Pakutanga kushandisa nzira iyi, kwaive nemakambani mashanu anoisa nyama pane grill pane yepasi peSpain. Izvi zvakatanga kutanga kwegore ra2010. Unyanzvi uhu hwakavimbisa kuti gasi rese rechisikigo rinogona kudzikisira Spain kutsamira pamahydrocarbon kubva kune dzimwe nyika, zvoita kuti tizvimiririre zvachose kubva pavari. Kubva pakuona kwesimba chinhu chaive chakakwanisika uye kufamba uku kwakabatanidzwa nemameya uye masimba. Zvisinei, mitengo yakaderera yakanganisa zvirongwa zvese zvekubvisa. Iwo makambani mashanu ataurwa pamusoro akasiya zvekupaza.
Iyi nzira yekuburitsa gasi chaiyo yaive shanduko yesimba muUnited States. Makambani eSpain akataura kuti gasi rechisimba ingangouyawo pano. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nenyaya yekuti muvhu repasi reSpain, kunyanya iro reBasque Cantabrian Basin, kune gasi rechisikigo rakaenzana neanosvika makore makumi manomwe ezvese zvirikushandiswa zvemunyika. Idzi data dzinouya kubva kumushumo wa2013 uyo wakagadzirirwa neSpanish Association yeMakambani Ekutsvagisa, Kuongorora uye Kugadzira maHydrocarbon uye Underground Kuchengetedza. Chirevo ichi chakaratidza kuti muvhu repasi reSpain maive neanopfuura mamirioni mazana manomwe emamiriyoni eurosi mugesi. Zviripachena, huwandu hwemari iyi hwakaita kuti makambani ataurwa pamusoro afungezve kusimudzira kuburitsa gasi rechisikirwo kuburikidza nehydraulic fracturing.
Iyi nzira yekubvisa inoshatiswa nemapoka ezvakatipoteredza. Izvo zvinokanganisa nharaunda zvakaburitswa nekutsvaira zvakakwirira uye zvinokanganisa ndima yese panoburitswa zvinhu.
Makambani 5
Makambani mashanu akatungamira kufamba kwekutsemura muSpain akaumbwa boka rinonzi Shale Gas Spain. Makambani ese aya akatosiya nzira iyi munyika medu. Kambani yekupedzisira ikambani yeruzhinji inoenderana nehurumende yeBasque. Pakupera kwaKukadzi ndiko kupi iyo hydrocarbon yekutsvaga mvumo iyo yakapihwa yakamiswa.
Parizvino tine zvibvumirano zvishoma zvinoshandira kutora gasi rechisikirwo kubva kuiyi hydraulic fracture nzira. Mazhinji emvumo anowanzo kuve muCantabria. Zviri munharaunda ino yakazvimiririra umo bazi rezvemagetsi riri iro iro, kunze kwemamwe mashoma, rakapa mwenje wakasvibira wemapurojekiti ekuburitsa. Ikozvino, parizvino, ibumbiro remutemo rinoita kuti nharaunda dzakazvimiririra dzive nekwanisi yekuramba kana kukanganisa chirongwa chekutsemura.
Kunyangwe mameseji ezvakatipoteredza asvika padanho munharaunda, Haisi iyo chikonzero chikuru nei kutsvaira kwakadzikiswa muSpain. Chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti hunyanzvi hwamiswe ndechekuti mutengo wakaderera wemafuta nhasi. Mune mamwe mazwi, mune ramangwana, kunyangwe mutengo wemafuta ungawedzera, zvinokwanisika kuti mamiriro aya anogona kudzoserwa uye kuvezve anoshanda zvakare. Iko kumanikidza kunoitwa nemapoka ezvakatipoteredza hakuna kukwana kumisa kufamba uku. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kunokonzerwa neiyi gasi yekubvisa gasi inodarika miganho yechisikigo. Nenzira iyi, haingokuvadze nharaunda chete, asi zvakare inokuvadza vanhu.
Naizvozvo, izvi zvinofanirwa kuve zvikonzero zvekubvisa kutsemura muSpain. Mune chikamu ichi, zvematongerwo enyika uye kuwanikwa kwemavhoti nenharaunda dzinozvitonga zvinoitawo basa rakakosha.
Rutivi rwerima rwekutsvedza
Sezvatinoziva, iyi nzira yakashoropodzwa munzira zhinji. Imwe yenyonganiso iri kukonzera kudengenyeka kudiki. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo muUnited States uko kwave kune mwero wepamusoro wekudengenyeka kwenyika kudiki, kwave kuri munzvimbo idzodzo uko kwave kune zvimwe zvakaburitswa nekuda kwekutsemuka kwemagetsi. Nzvimbo senge Texas kana Ohio uko pasina kana njodzi dzekufamba kwekudengenyeka kwenyika pakave nemazana ekuderera kwakanyanya.
Chimwe chinhu kusvibiswa kunogadzirwa nehunyanzvi uhu. Mvura chinhu chakakosha kwazvo uye panguva yekuita, ese epasi pemvura uye ayo aishandiswa kunyungudutsa makemikari ekubvisa akasvibiswa. Kumwe kurova hakuitwe nemazvo kukuvara kunogona kuve kwakanyanya.
Sezvauri kuona, kukwikwidza muSpain kunopokana. Ndinovimba haizoburitsa zvakare kunyangwe mitengo yemafuta ikakwira. Iko kuburitswa kwegasi rechisikirwo hakubhadharwe nekukuvara kunokonzerwa neiyi nzira. Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezvenyaya iyi.