Chokwadi iwe wakambonzwa nezve izvo iwe zvawakaona mumavhidhiyo e kudana. Imhuka yemumba inoita basa rakakosha mune dzehupfumi hwedunhu. Ndirwo rudzi rwakararama kweanopfuura makore churu munharaunda yeAltiplano mudunhu reMakomo eAndes. Mhuka iyi ndeyemhuri yeCamelid yakanzwa kubva kuganaco kuchinjika. VaSpanish vasati vauya kuAmerica, iyo llama yaizoshandiswa kuburitsa nyama, mvere uye yaishandiswa semhuka yekurongedza.
Muchinyorwa chino tichaenda kukuudza zvese hunhu, pekugara, kufudza uye kubereka kweiyo llama.
Mhando huru
Mhuka iyi ndeyeboka rezvipuka zve artiodactyl. Izvi zvinoreva kuti ine kunyange nhamba yezvigunwe pamakumbo ayo. Pakati pezvigunwe zvese zvavanazvo pamakumbo avo, vanotsigira kanenge 2 kuti vakwanise kufamba. Iine makumbo mana uye ine zvigunwe zviviri pane yega yega. Mune aya evaviri vane mapedhi ayo anoshanda kusimudzira huremu panguva yekufamba kwavo. Ivo vanovashandisa zvakare kuti vagone kufamba kuburikidza nenzvimbo yakadzika iyo inowanzo kuwanikwa munzvimbo yavo yepanyama.
Hazvisi zvakawanda zvinozivikanwa nezve kuvandudzwa uye shanduko yekufona asi zvinozivikanwa kuti chisikwa chakagadzirwa chemunhu chakawanikwa kubva kuguanaco. Zita rayo resainzi ndi lama glama. Iyo ine mutsipa mutete uye wakareba uye unowanzo pakati pe 1.70 kusvika 1.80 metres pakureba.. Zvichienderana nerwiyo rwehupenyu uye ingave yechirume kana yechikadzi, huremu hunowanzo kuve pakati pe130 ne200 kg.
Kazhinji vanowanzoita sevano kuseka sezvo vaine muviri wakafukidzwa nehuswa hwakareba hunogona kuve hwemarudzi akasiyana siyana senge beige, chena, shava uye yero. Chinoita kuti mhuka iyi ishereke ndeyemusoro wayo wakamanikana une nzeve dzakakomberedza uye nemhino iyo yaunogona kuona mafambiro ayo epasi. Mazino ayo akaumbwa nemazino makumi matatu nemaviri.
Iwe zvakare une huwandu hwakawanda hwehemoglobin muropa rako, uye masero ako matsvuku eropa ane oval muchimiro. Rudzi urwu reropa rwakagadzirwa kuburikidza nekufamba kwenguva nekushanduka. Uye ndezvekuti irarame munzvimbo idzi munzvimbo dzakakwirira uye nenzvimbo dzakadzika, mhando yacho yaifanirwa kuchinjika nekushomeka kwe oxygen.
Habitat uye huwandu hweiyo llama
Sezvatakambotaura pakutanga kwechinyorwa, imhuka inokura mukati nzvimbo dzine makomo emakomo eAndes. Munzvimbo ino munowanikwa zvakanyanya kuwanda kwemaLlaman ayo anotenderera akatenderedza Altiplano. Iyi nharaunda yese yakatorwa kubva kuBolivia nePeru kuchamhembe kweArgentina. Sezvo iri mhuka yekumba, hazviwanzo kuona llamas musango. Izvozvowo zvinoitika kune dzimwe mhuka dzepamusha dzakadai semabhiza, mhou, imbwa nekatsi.
Sezvo iyi mhuka yakave ine mukurumbira kubva panguva dzekare, yanga iine kukosha kukuru kwehupfumi kune nyika zhinji. Izvi zvakakosha zvehupfumi zvakaita kuti zvikwanise kuwedzera huwandu hwayo uye inogona kuwanikwa nhasi muUnited States, dzimwe nyika muEurope neAustralia. Pamberi pekutapa kweSpain kweAmerica kushevedza kwaive kune nzvimbo yekugara mukati memharaunda yeAndes. Yaifungidzirwa semhuka yekubaira mu tsika dzakasiyana dzamwari uye dzaishandiswawo sekutakura zvinhu.
VaSpanish pavakasvika pakondinendi yeAmerica, vakapinza bhiza mumabudiriro eiyi kondinendi semhuka yekutamisa zvinhu. Izvi zvakakonzera murazvo kutora chigaro chekumashure. Parizvino, iyo llama yakakosha sosi yezvivakwa zvevanhu vazhinji vanogara muAltiplano yeAndes. Zvigadzirwa zviviri zvakakosha zvekukosha kwehupfumi zvinogona kuwanikwa kubva kwavari, senge idzi ndidzo tambo dzekugadzira machira nenyama yazvo. Pamwe pamwe nezvakanakira hupfumi hweiyo llama, zvigadzirwa zvayo zvinowanikwa, senge dehwe nemanyowa, ayo anotengeswawo.
Inofanira kutakurwa mupfungwa kuti iyo inonzi nyama ine hupfumi muprotein uye ine yakaderera cholesterol cholesterol. Chinonyanya kutsvakwa munyama iyi ndechekuti chakaonda. Parizvino pane fungidziro yemamirioni matatu emarama uye mazhinji acho ari muSouth America. Iyo haina kutariswa senge iri mungozi mhuka zvachose nekuti ine ziso pane vanhu.
Zvokudya
Mhuka iyi ine chikafu chinodyisa uswa. Kudya kwavo kwakavakirwa zvakanyanya pamakwenzi, makwenzi uye chero mhando yehuswa inokura munzvimbo dzakakwirira. Inofanirwa kutariswa kuti izvi zvisikwa vane zvirimwa zvishoma nekuda kwekushomeka kwe oxygen nemamiriro akasimba. Idzo mhuka dzinopenya uye dzinokwanisa kumisazve chikafu chadzo. Kugaya kwawo maitiro uye akareba kwenguva refu kubva chikafu chichifanira kupfuura nepakati pematumbu ayo matatu.
Kazhinji, iko kushevedza hakunwe mvura zvakananga, asi kunoisanganisa mumuviri wavo kuburikidza nechikafu chavanodya. Paunoona tsime remvura inokwanisa kunwa kusvika pamarita matatu mune imwechete kuenda kunochengetera mvura yakawanda sezvinobvira. Zvakare tinosimbisa kuoma kwakaita kuti mhuka iyi iwane mvura munzvimbo idzi.
Flame kubereka
Mhuka idzi dzinosvika pakukura pabonde kana dzava negore rimwe chete. Varume vanofanirwa kumirira kuti vasvike makore matatu ehupenyu. Chimwe chikonzero nei chave chakakurumbira mhuka inyaya yekuti inoshamwaridzika. Zvekubereka kwako, murume wese anozvikomberedza nevakadzi vatanhatu vaanosangana navo. Imwe yemaitiro ayo murume anomira nekuremekedza munhukadzi ndeyekuti iwo ane nharaunda huru. Idzi varume vanodzivirira avo vese vakadzi mune chero nzira kudzivirira kupindira kubva kune mumwe murume.
Kazhinji, mwaka wekukwira uye wekubereka unoitika mukupera kwezhizha uye kutanga kwekutanga. Kukopa kunoitika zvakasiyana kubva kune dzimwe mhuka dzine makwikwi. Izvo zvinoitwa ivo vaviri vakarara pasi. Gestation inotora mazuva anosvika mazana matatu nemakumi matatu apo hadzi inozvara mhuru imwe chete inorema makirogiramu gumi.. Iyo llama ine rurimi hupfupi uye pakuzvarwa vana vayo havagone kuinanzva. Ipapo, iyo caress inoteedzera yakanyanya chaiyo mhere mhere inoita kuti unzwe kudzivirirwa. Nguva yekuyamwisa inogara kwemwedzi mina.
Ndinovimba kuti neruzivo urwu unogona kudzidza zvakawanda nezve iyo llama.