Zvinonzwika senge fungidziro yesainzi, asi hongu, chirongwa cheDogger Island ndechechokwadi: Chitsuwa chakagadzirwa mu North Sea, asi yei?
Imbwa chitsuwa ine chinangwa chakajeka: inogona kupa simba rinowedzerwazve kuvanhu vane mamirioni makumi masere mukati Europe in 2050.
Europe inoronga kuvaka chitsuwa chakagadzirwa (Dogger Island), ine chiteshi chengarava nendege, yakagadzirirwa kushanda senzvimbo yemapurazi makuru emhepo ekumahombekombe ayo achapa vanhu vane mamirioni makumi masere simba rinowedzerwazve.
Iyo 6,5-square-kilometre chitsuwa yaizotora simba kubva kuzviuru zve matsva emagetsi emagetsi ndiani anoda kuisa kumahombekombe.
Alemania iri kushanda ne The Netherlands y Denmark kuronga nekuvaka chitsuwa chitsva icho chinopa simba kunyika dzekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kwe Europe.
Chitsuwa ichi chingave chakabatana ne United Kingdom, Norway, the The Netherlands, Alemania, Denmark y Belgium, uye yaizovaka paDogger Island muNorth Sea.
Chitsuwa ichi chinotarisirwa kuve nemiti yezuva kuti ibudise huwandu hwemagetsi Iinewo chiteshi chengarava uye chekumhara che gonesa kuwana.
Mishumo inoratidza kuti chirongwa ichi chichava chakaomaSemuenzaniso, kuvakwa kwenzvimbo dzeichi chitsuwa chakagadzirwa kuchabhadhara madhora 1,35 bhiriyoni, sekufungidzira kwekutanga.
Iyo projekiti inoita kunge inopenga asi, kana ikaitwa, inogona kuderedza simba remhepo rinogadzirwa kumahombekombe.
Gungwa rekuchamhembe rine mwenje wepamusoro uye wakadzikama wemhepo kupfuura iwo wakasangana nawo mapurazi emhepo onshore, uye zvirimwa zvezuva zvichapa simba pasina kugara chero nzvimbo yepasi iyo inogona kushandiswa pekugara kana kurima.
Iyo kambani inoti pfungwa yechitsuwa ichi yakauya mukupindura kune iyo European Union inoda kurwisa iyo kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Simba rinowedzerwazve richava kiyi yekuzadzikisa zvinangwa izvi uye kuti zuva nemhepo zvichazodikanwa kupa mwero wenguva dzose wesimba mumwaka wega wega. Mwedzi yezhizha inounza zuva rakawanda, nepo mwedzi inotonhora ichaunza mhepo yakawanda.
Sekureva kwaGlar Nilsen, director wekambani yesimba reDanish Ererginet: "Isu tine basa rekutakura magetsi akagadzirwa kumahombekombe emhepo ekumahombekombe anodzokera kumunda (Dogger Island) uye vatengi vanofanira kugara vachisunda uye kuona kuti mutengo unoramba uchiderera. '
Ipurazi hombe remhepo kumahombekombe munyika
Ipurazi rakakura remhepo kumahombekombe riri pamhenderekedzo yeKent (England). Kunyangwe iri paki yakakura kwazvo, vanosimudzira vacho vanoronga kuwedzera simba rayo kusvika pamazana masere nemakumi masere nemasere eMW muchikamu chechipiri kumirira kubvumidzwa.
Mushure memakore mana ekuvaka uye mari yekudyara inopfuura 2.200 mamiriyoni euros, paki yakaumbwa ne 175 Vestas SWT turbines emhepo, Aya anotambanudzira kugungwa kunotora nzvimbo inosvika zana zana mativi emakiromita pachinhambwe chemakiromita makumi maviri kubva kuKent coast, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweEngland.
Avhareji ye Makiromita 450 tambo dzepasi pegungwa uye nzvimbo mbiri dzekumahombekombe, iyo inoisa pakati simba rinogadzirwa nemhepo turbines usati waendesa kune iyo pasi mukati.
Kuunganidza mhepo turbines
Zvekugadzwa kweiri yega turbine yemhepo kumahombekombe, zvave zvakafanira kuvaka yakajairwa mesh yemapira yakachinjika kune chaiwo maitiro egungwa, nehupamhi hunosiyana pakati pe5 kusvika 25 metres zvichienderana nenyaya. Izvi zvinotsigira zvinobvumidza yega yega turbini kusimudzwa Vestas SWT-3.6MW-120 pamusoro pegungwa, uye kune rimwe divi, ita senheyo yekuendesa huremu hwayo kusvika 225 toni kuguruva.
Imwe yeane 175 turbines emhepo ane kureba kwe 147 mamita, 90 mamita rotor dhayamita uye blade kureba kwe 58,5 mamita. Zvekufambisa kwesimba rinogadzirwa nemumwe wavo, pane 210? km yetambo yepasi pegungwa inobatanidza yega yega ma turbine neaya maviri ekumahombekombe echiteshi, uye izvi zvinobva zvabatana nekumisikidza Cleve chikomo panyika yakaoma kuburikidza 4 tambo dze150 kV izvo zvinosvika iyo 220? km zvehurefu.
Zvinoenderana nekufungidzira kwevanosimudzira, mu2012 iyo yekumhiri kwemhepo purazi yemhepo yaive iripo kusvika parizvino yakapa nezve a 1,5% yemagetsi, asi neLondon Array nhamba iyi inotarisirwa kukwira pamusoro pe 5% nekudaro kudzivirira kuburitswa kwe 925.000 toni pagore CO2.
Kuzivikanwa kwesimba remhepo seimwe yeasina kusvibisa uye akachengeteka munzvimbo yesimba reEuropean iri kutanga kutamba chinhanho chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwesimba rinowedzerwazve pasirese yepasirese. Panyaya yemhepo yekumahombekombe, simba rinogadzirwa nema turbines rine hushoma mhedzisiro pa nzvimbo, haidi kurasa kana kufambisa ivhu, uye kuve iri kumahombekombe, zvine zvazvinoita zvishoma hasha pane mhuka uye zvinomera zvichienzaniswa nemhepo yakajairika.
Kuwedzera kweramangwana
ILondon Array yapfuura zvinotarisirwa nepurazi remhepo mu Greater Gabbard, zvivakwa zviri munzvimbo imwechete iyo kusvika zvino yakabata zita rehukuru kwazvo offshore mhepo purazi munyika ine chinzvimbo chakaiswa che 500 MW. Asi hazvisi izvo zvoga.
Ine pfungwa yekuenderera mberi nekutungamira mujaho unoyevedza mumhepo yekumahombekombe yakaitwa neUnited Kingdom, vanosimudzira veLondon Array ikozvino vafunga kuwedzera simba rayo kubva parizvino 630 MW kusvika ku 870. Chikamu chechipiri ichi chakamirira kubvumidzwa nevakuru vane masimba akasiyana, asi chinosimbisa purazi remhepo seriri rakakura kupfuura ose akambovakwa. Mune ino 2017 tichava nemhinduro?