Nhasi dzimba zhinji nemaindasitiri anoshandisa gasi rechisikigo. Iyi gasi iri mukuenderera mberi kwepasirese kukura uye inotarisirwa kuenderera ichikura zvakanyanya mumakumi emakore ari kuuya. Kushandisa gasi chaiwo paramende yakakosha inoshandiswa munyika yemakemikari. Icho chiri nezve iyo calorific kukosha. Iyi ndiyo paramende inoshandiswa kuona mhando yegasi rechisikigo. Nekuda kweizvi, mutengo wegesi unodikanwa kune chimwe chiito uye, nekudaro, mutengo waro wezvehupfumi unogona kudzikiswa.
Nekudaro, chii chakakosha kukosha? Mune ino positi iwe unozogona kuziva zvese nezve iyo calorific kukosha, iwe unofanirwa kuramba uchiverenga 🙂
Tsanangudzo yecalorific value
Iko kukosha kwekoriori kwegesi ndiko huwandu hwesimba pauniti hweyuniti kana vhoriyamu inosunungurwa pane yakazara oxidation. Iyi oxidation haina kuzivikanwa nesimbi. Zvakajairika kana iwe uchinzwa imwe kemisitiri kufunga nezve oxidation senge. Kuwedzeredza ipfungwa inoreva kurasika kwemaerekitironi kubva pane chinhu. Kana izvi zvikaitika, kubhadhariswa kwayo kwakanaka kunowedzera uye kunonzi kunogadzira. Izvi zvataurwa oxidation zvinoitika mushe mushe.
Patinopisa gasi rechisikigo tinowana simba rekugadzira magetsi, kupisa mvura, nezvimwe. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti uzive huwandu hwesimba iro gasi rinokwanisa kugadzira chimwe nechimwe chehuremu kana vhoriyamu kuti uone kunaka kwayo. Maererano iyo yakakwira kukosha kwayo kwekoriori, hushoma huwandu yemweya yatichashandisa. Mune izvi ndipo pakakosha kukosha kwehunhu hwegesi zvine chekuita nemari yehupfumi.
Zvikamu zvakasiyana zvechiyero zvinoshandiswa kuyera kukosha kwekoriori. Kilojoules uye kilocalories anoshandiswa kune ese mashoma uye vhoriyamu. Sezvazviri muchikafu, muno mumagesi munewo macalocalories. Icho hachisi chinhu chinopfuura simba rakaburitswa panguva yeiyo oxidation maitiro. Kana zvasvika pakurema, inoverengwa mu kilojoule pa kilo (kJ / Kg) kana kilocalorie pakirogiramu (kcal / kg). Kana tichireva vhoriyamu, isu tichataura nezve kilojoule pa cubic mita (kJ / m3) kana kilocalorie pa cubic mita (kcal / m3).
Yakakwirira kana yakaderera calorific kukosha
Kana isu tichitaura dzidziso, iyo macalorific kukosha kwegesi yakasarudzika uye inogara iripo. Nekudaro, kana zvasvika pakuzviisa mukushandisa isu tinogona kuwana dzimwe tsanangudzo mbiri. Imwe inoreva kune yakakwira calorific kukosha uye imwe kune yepazasi imwe. Yekutanga inofunga kuti iwo mweya wemvura unogadzirwa panguva yekupisa yakanyoroveswa. Izvi zvinofunga nezve kupisa kunogadzirwa ne gasi muchikamu chekuchinja.
Kufunga kuti zvese zvinhu zvinobatanidzwa mumoto zvinotorwa pamadhigirii zero. Kuti moto uvepo panofanirwa kuve nemhepo uye mweya iwoyo unopawo simba. Naizvozvo, kana iwo maviri maanogadzirisa uye zvigadzirwa zvinotora chikamu mumwoto zvinounzwa kumadhigirii zero zvisati zvaitika uye shure, iwo mweya wemvura unozodzikiswa zvachose. Mhute yemvura iyi inouya kubva muhunyoro huripo kune mafuta uye kubva kune hunyoro hunogadzirwa apo iyo hydrogen iri mumafuta inosanganisa.
Kune rimwe divi, yakaderera koriori kukosha haifungi simba iyo inosunungurwa nechikamu chinoshandura gasi. Funga kuti iyo mhute yemvura iri mumagesi haigadzike. Nekusachinja chikamu, haina kusunungura simba uye hapana imwe yekuwedzera. Mune ino mamiriro, pane chete simba rekuisa kubva kune iyo oxidation yemafuta.
Industrial kushandiswa
Kana zvasvika pachokwadi mumaindasitiri ekugadzira magetsi, iyo yakaderera macalorific kukosha ndeye yekufarira kukuru. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti magasi emoto anowanzo kuve pane yakanyanya tembiricha pane kukonzeresa kwemhepo yemvura. Naizvozvo, simba rinokonzerwa nechikamu chinoshandura gasi harifungidzirwe.
Nekumiririra simba iro gasi rinokwanisa kuburitsa panguva yaro oxidation, tinogona zvakare kuziva mhando yeiyo gasi. Iyo yakawanda macalorific ukoshi gasi ine, hushoma huwandu hwatinozoda. Muindasitiri zvakakosha kuti utarise izvi zvinhu. Iyo yakakwira iyo mhando yeiyo gasi, iyo yakaderera iyo yekugadzira mitengo. Iyo inodzikamisa iyo calorific kukosha kwegesi, zvakachipa unova iwo mutengo wekushanda.
Matanho uye kutonga kunoitwa pane aya mashandiro kunoenderana zvachose nerudzi rwekambani inozviita. Nekudaro, chero iri kambani (gasi rechisikigo, dura, tsime kana biogas) vanodzora zvakakwana paramende iyi. Iyo zvakare inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri senge simbi, mafekitori egirazi, simende michero, mafekitori, magetsi emagetsi uye petrochemicals.
Ongororo dzekuyera
Isu takataura kuti kukosha kwekoriori chinhu chakakosha kwazvo uye kuti maindasitiri ane nzira dzekuyera nekudzora. Kune nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzekuona kukosha kwekoriori yegasi. Chinyakare uye chinonyanya kuzivikanwa ndechekuti iyo calorimeter yebhomba.
Iyi nzira inosanganisira kuunza gasi mumudziyo wehermetically wakavharidzirwa wehuwandu hwehuwandu. Mudziyo unofanirwa kusarudzika kubva kune zvimwe zvinhu kana kubva pazvinogona kuchinjika pachiyero. Kamwe kana gasi raunzwa, kamoto kanoshandiswa kubatidza gasi. Thermometer inoiswa kuyera tembiricha. Neshanduko iyi mukukosha kwetembiricha tichaenda kuyera kupisa kwakaburitswa neiyo oxidation reaction.
Kunyangwe iyi nzira iri chaizvo, inoguma ichidya iyo gasi rose mumoto. Uyezve, inoonekwa senzira yekumisa yekuyera. Naizvozvo, iyi nzira haina kushandiswa mumabhizimusi makuru anoshandisa gasi.
Kuenderera mberi kuyerwa kweiyi gasi kunoitwa nepamhepo gasi chromatography. Izvi zvinosanganisira kupatsanura zvinoriumba zvemuenzaniso wegesi mukati mekoramu yechromatographic. Kazhinji iyo capillary chubhu mune iyo yakamira chikamu uye isu tinosuma iyo gasi, inova nhanho inofamba. Izvo zvikamu zvegesi zvinochengetwa ne adsorption yeiyo yakamira chikamu, ichisiyanisa nguva yayo yekukwirisa zvichienderana nehuremu hwayo. Iyo yakaderera iyo mamorekuru uremu, ipfupi nguva yeelution, uye zvinopesana. Kana magasi abva mukoramu, vanosangana neakasarudzika hydrocarbon detector. Ivo vanoshanda neye kudziya conductivity.
Paunenge uchiongorora mhedzisiro, chromatogram inowanikwa. Ichi hachisi chimwe chinhu kunze kwegirafu uko kunoratidzwa kuti muzana rei yega hydrocarbon iri mune gasi ratakatarisa. Neruzivo urwu, iyo calorific kukosha inogona kuverengerwa gare gare.
Iwe unotoziva chimwe chinhu zvimwe pamusoro pesimba recalorific uye kukosha kwarinoita parinogadzira gasi rechisikigo kana mamwe magasi.