Mapurasitiki idambudziko rakakomba pasirese. Isu tinogadzira matani akawanda epurasitiki pazuva kutenderera pasirese zvekuti isu hatigone kana kuyera zvakanaka. Mazhinji epurasitiki ari munyika haana kudzokororwa kana kushandiswazve, saka inova dambudziko remarara, sezvo kudzikisira kwayo kuri kuita nil. Hupenyu hwepurasitiki zviuru zvemakore kudzikisira.
Zvakanaka, takatarisana nedambudziko iri rehuwandu hwakawanda hwekugadzira marara epurasitiki, isu tinofanirwa kutsvaga mhinduro inoshanda senge zvipenyu sezvazvinogona. Kushamisiko yedu, masayendisiti akaona kuti mhando yemhashu yakagara ichiburitswa kuti ishandise sechiredzo mukuredza, Iyo inokwanisa biologically kudzikisira iyo polyethylene iri mumapurasitiki. Tinogona here kushandisa mhashu kudzikisira plastiki?
Chipurasitiki-kudya honye
Mamirioni ematoni epurasitiki anogadzirwa mupasi zuva rega rega uye chikamu chikuru chavo chatinoshandisa mumabhegi ekutenga nevamwe. Iyi plastiki inogadzirwa ne polyethylene. Mhashu dzatiri kutaura nezvadzo ihonye yewax (muzita ravo resainzi Galleria melonella) inowanzogara mumikoko yenyuchi sechirwere. Mhungu idzi dzinoisa mazai adzo mukati memikoko kuti dzitore mukana wekuzvidzivirira kubva kune zvakatipoteredza uye nezvimwe zvikara, uye honye dzinokura munyuchi.
Kutenda kuzvidzidzo zvakasiyana zvekuchengeta nyuchi, chokwadi ichi chawanikwa. Kunge zvinhu zvakawanda musainzi, ivo vanowanikwa netsaona kana nekutsvaga imwe tsananguro. Mune ino kesi, Federica Bertocchini, muchengeti wenyuchi, akaona kuti, mushure mekuchenesa mizinga yake, akaunza mamwe emhonye ewa wax aakawana mumapurasitiki. Mushure mekanguva akaona kuti mabhegi maakanga aisa makonye aya vaive nemakomba akawanda.
Biodegradation kuyedza
Pakangowanikwa izvi, zviyedzo zvakatanga. Uye ndezvekuti kutsvaga chipenyu icho chinosvibisa plastiki chinogona kubatsira zvikuru kurwisa tsvina iyi yakawanda. Kuedza kwakaitwa kwaive kuisa makonye ane zana muhomwe yepurasitiki uye nekucherechedza zvavakaita. Mushure memaminetsi angangoita makumi mana, maburi akatanga kubuda muhombodo. Mushure memaawa gumi nemaviri Chikamu cheshanu chehukuru hwehombodo chainge chanyangarika.
Nekuda kweizvi, vesaenzi vakakwanisa kusimbisa kuti aya makonye akaratidzirwa kuva neepamusoro soro replastiki biodegradation yakambowanikwa kusvika pari zvino. Mamwe mabhakitiriya akawanikwa zvakare anoshandisa plastiki sechikafu, asi kwete pamwero weiyi biodegradation, sezvo zvakatora mabhakitiriya kubvisa 0,13 mg yepurasitiki mumaawa makumi maviri nemana. Panyaya iyi, tiri kutaura pamusoro makonye vanogona kubvisa 1.8 gramu epurasitiki mumaawa makumi maviri nemana.
Zvishandiso zvekutsvaga uku
Masayendisiti ari kutanga kufunga nezve zvekuita neichi chiwanikwa sezvo chingave rubatsiro rwakanaka mukurwisa mapurasitiki munzvimbo dzekurasa marara nemakungwa. Nzira yavaizoshandisa kusimudzira izvi inenge iri yekubereka pamwero wakakura iyo enzyme inokonzeresa kudzikisira kwepurasitiki.
Tiri kutaura nezve polyethylene mumabhegi epurasitiki anoenderana ne 40% yekudyiwa kwepurasitiki muSpain yese, yeiwo munyika isu hatitombo taure: akakomberedza trilioni mapurasitiki anodyiwa gore rega. Ndokusaka kana iyi enzyme inodzikisira mapurasitiki ikagadzirwa zvakare pamwero mukuru, inogona kurerutsa mamwe matambudziko emarara epurasitiki.
Tsananguro yakapihwa nemasayendisiti kune iyo yekuti honye dzinogona kudzikisira mapurasitiki ndeyekuti wakisi mapolymer ane zvimiro zvakafanana neepolyethylene Neichi chiwanikwa isu tichaedza kutsvaga nzira inoshanda yekubvisa marara ese epurasitiki munyika.
Sezvauri kuona, zvisikwa zvinogona zvakare kuzvichenesa nenzira dzayo uye, mune ino kesi, inogona zvakare kusvibisa nzvimbo dzese dzakazara mapurasitiki.