Iyo mota haisi iyo yega inokwira pamotokari yemagetsi. Aviation zvakare inonongedzera iko iko, kunyangwe kushambadzira, kunyangwe kuchiripo makore mashoma kuti ave chokwadi chinonzwisisika, sezvazviri nhasi kuona BMW i3, Nissan Shizha kana kuti zvishoma Tesla mumigwagwa yedu.
Kutanga kweAmerica, Wright Electric, yakazvimisikidza pachayo chinangwa chakanyanya: kugadzira ndege yemagetsi mumakore gumi anotevera, nekwanisi yevafambi zana nemakumi mashanu, iyo inogona kushandisa ndege dzisingasviki 150 mamaira (makiromita 300), chinhambwe chidiki pane icho chinopatsanura Madrid kubva kuBarcelona (makiromita 504).
Parizvino, Wright Electric ine chibvumirano chekudyidzana neEasyjet uye makore gumi pamberi kuzadzisa vimbiso yayo.
Nehurombo, mamwe manzwi haana tariro zvakadaro. «Pane matambudziko makuru maviri: yekutanga, kuwana mabhatiri anochengeta simba, nehuremu hwavo. Chechipiri ndechekuwana injini dzine simba rakafanana neiri remagetsi aripo ", anodaro Alejandro Ibrahim, aeronautical engineer uye director weiyo Teruel airport.
Zano raWright Electric nderekuvaka imba yekuchengetera yakanangana nechero chikamu chekuvhara nzira pfupi. Mhando dzendege idzi dzakaswedera padyo $ 87.000 bhiriyoni gore rapfuuraZvese izvi zvinowedzera kumusoro 967 ndege inotengeswa neBoing uye AirBus.
Iyo femu, iri muMassachusetts, yakatora chidzidzo cheMIT kuratidza kuti, muna 2003, ndege pfupi ndidzo dzaive dzakakurumbira pakati pendege 'dzakamanikana' izvo zvinokwana vanhu vanosvika zana nemakumi mashanu, vangori iwo modhi yavanofunga kugadzira. Mugirafu inotevera iyi mitsara inogona kuoneka kuti nhambwe yakafambiswa nerudzi urwu rwezvikepe iri, chaizvo, iyo Wright Electric inotarisira kushanda, uye kuti muSpain yaizobvumidza kufamba kubva kuMadrid kuenda kunhamba huru yenhandare mukati mepeninsula.
Kune izvi, kambani yakaratidza chirongwa chemakore gumi chaunotarisira kuti chakashandukan yemagetsi tekinoroji ndiyo inoratidza mugwagwa wayo. Kana kugona kwemabhatiri kwave nani zvakakwana, ivo vanozogona kuvaka 100% ndege dzemagetsi. Kana vasati vawana huwandu hwakakosha, vanogona kubheja pamusanganiswa pakati zvetsika mota dzinobhadharisa mabhatiri engarava uye kuti vaityaira mota dzemagetsi, muchimiro chemota dzakaita seChevrolet Volt kana Opel Ampera nhasi.
Sangano raWright Electric rakazvipira kuchengetedza dhizaini yechinyakare inoenderana nemirau yemahofisi eairport uye izvo bvumidza kushanda mune iyo 30% yendege dzinoshandiswa nendege-yakatetepa-nendege iyo daro iri makiromita mazana mana. Mugove wemusika uyo wekutanga kukosha pamamirioni zviuru makumi maviri nezviviri.
Iyo kambani haisi iyo yega ine shungu nezve pfungwa ye yemagetsi mutakurwi ndege munguva yepakati term. Gore rapfuura, Siemens neAirbus dzakasaina chibvumirano chekugadzira ndege dzemagetsi kuitira kuti, panosvika 2030, zvive zvichakwanisika kune vanokwira zana. bhururuka mundege yemaitiro aya. "Kubhururuka kwemagetsi ndeimwe yematambudziko makuru emaindasitiri enguva yedu," akadaro panguva iyoyo Tom anobvumira, CEO weAirbusus muEurope.
Easyjet zvakare ine mamwe mapurojekiti aripo kuvandudza mashandiro esimba dzendege dzako uye, sezvinei, kuderedza CO2 chisi. Mumwe wavo anoenda kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwemasero ehydrogen ayo, sekureva kwekambani, anozvibvumira kuchengetedza Matani zviuru makumi mashanu emafuta pagore. Sei? Kuchengeta simba kana mabhureki emagetsi panguva yekumhara kufambisa ndege panguva yekufamba kwepasi. Chete mumhando iyi yekushanda ndipo pavanoshandisa iyo 4% mafuta kupfuura Easyjet kushandiswa kwegore rimwe.
Pombi dzemafuta pakunyura kwezuva
Bertrand Picard, mumwe wevatyairi veSolar Impulse II, iyo ndege yakatenderera pasirese inofambiswa nesimba rezuvaYakaisawo chipingaidzo chakafanana: "Mumakore gumi tichaona ndege dzemagetsi dzinotakura vafambi makumi mashanu nendege pfupi nepakati-pekufambisa." Ibrahim haana tariro zvakadaro nemuganhu, yemubvunzo wenguva dzakabatana nekugadzirwa nekusimudzirwa kwendege: «Zvine tariro zvishoma. Kubva pamasikirwo kusvika kuzvitupa zvinotora makore gumi uye paunotambidza EASA neFAA [zvivakwa zveairport zveEuropean Union neUnited States] iwe unotofanira kutsanangura mundege zvauchaita. Mumashoko aIbrahim, dhizaini uye nzira yekuvimbisa yendege inodzivirira kusagadzikana pane kubhururuka.
Kune ino chikamu isu tinofanirwa kuwedzera imwe yakakosha poindi: kufambisa. «Solar Impulse, inova munhu ari kubhururuka nemapapiro makuru, haina kufanana ndege makumi masere ezviuru. Yekutanga yaive nemota sere, fungidzira kuti magetsi anofanirwa kuvei, ”anodaro Ibrahim. Pari zvino hapana chinokuchidzira chine simba rakaenzana nejeti rimwe.
Zhizha rapfuura Airbus yakabhururuka iyo E-Fan, iyo yakasanganiswa ndege ine kuzvitonga kuti igare Maminitsi makumi matatu mudenga (huwandu hunogona kuwedzerwa kusvika kumaawa maviri nekota tichitenda kune injini yemoto) pane imwechete vkumhanya kwakanyanya kwemakiromita mazana maviri nemakumi maviri paawa. Iyo inomhanyisa mota kusvika parizvino ndeye Long-ESA, iyo yakasvika 326 km / h muna Chikunguru 2012.
«Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti uchinje dhizaini yeinjini kuti dzive nadzo huremu hushoma uye simba rakawanda. Uye bhatiri yekuchengetedza inoda kuve yakavandudzwa zvakanyanya. Mumotokari, inorema 1.500 kilos, iro harisi dambudziko, asi iri mundege, nekuti mubhadharo wakaderedzwa, "anodaro Ibrahim. Elon Musk, CEO weTesla, akataura panguva iyoyo kukosha kwekuti indasitiri yemagetsi igone kugadzira mabhatiri na huwandu hwe400 Wh / kg. Yakakwira density Teslas parizvino inofungidzirwa kuve nemabhatiri anosvika 250 Wh / kg.
Kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji mukugadzirwa kwebhatiri hakufanirwe kuita kuti huwandu iite senge haigoneke, kunyangwe iyo yegumi-gore chiratidzo Wright Electric vanoita kunge vanodarika chinzvimbo kuzadzisa iyo yemagetsi mutakurwi ndege inokwanisa kubatanidza akasiyana maguta eEurope.
