Lokacin da muke magana game da yanayin yanayin ƙasa wanda ayyukan ɗan adam suka lalata ko kuma ta kowane irin abu, yana da kyau muyi kokarin kiyaye shi fiye da son dawo dashi. Tsarin halittu suna da daidaita ma'auni tsakanin dabbobi da tsirrai, kuma gabaɗaya, da zarar an daidaita wannan daidaituwa saboda ɓarkewar yanayin ƙasa ko wasu dalilai, maidowa ya zama mai rikitarwa.
Masana kimiyya da masu kiyaye muhalli suna ƙoƙari su sami ingantattun hanyoyin magancewa don adana mafi mawuyacin yanayin halittu masu mahimmanci ga mutane. A wannan yanayin, haka ne murjani. An nuna tsare-tsaren kiyayewa ga wadannan rundunonin da za su iya tseratar da su daga barazanar iri-iri da ke yi musu barazana.
An bayyana wannan a cikin ayyukan daban-daban a cikin IUCN Majalisar Kare Duniya, ana bikin a Hawaii. Reinaldo Estrada ɗan Cuba ne mai bincike wanda ya yi aiki a kan maido da murjani. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, ya nuna mahimmancin rawar da waɗannan ke da:
“Tudun murjani ya zama shinge a gefen gabar yankuna masu zafi, yana kare su daga tasirin hadari da sauran munanan abubuwa; suna gidan kifin “kayan abinci”; suna tsabtace ruwan teku kuma suna da mahimmanci tushen tushen samun kuɗin yawon buɗe ido "
Yawancin yankuna suna ba da sabis na halittu ga mutane. Da NGO ungiyar Kula da Yanayi, yayi kiyasin cewa aiyukan tsabtace muhalli da ake samarwa ta hanyar murjani suna samar da wasu fa'idodin tattalin arziki na dala miliyan 365.000 a shekara. Kodayake, masana masana da yawa suna daukar wadannan halittu masu zaman kansu a matsayin wadanda suka fi lalacewa da lalacewa a duniya baki daya saboda tsananin hankalinsu ga duk wani canjin daidaito. Ofaya daga cikin sakamakon sauye-sauyen da waɗannan ƙananan halittu zasu iya sha wahala shine ƙaruwar zafin jiki wanda ya haifar da canjin yanayi ko sanya acid a cikin teku saboda shayar da CO2 wanda ayyukan ɗan adam ke fitarwa.
Wadannan abubuwa dole ne a kara wasu kamar yaduwar nau'ikan nau'ikan cutarwa ko wuce gona da iri na kamun kifi. Wadannan fasahohin kamun kifin, wasu daga cikinsu suna lalata ƙasa sosai, sun haifar da hakan 27% na dutsen murjani na duniya. Wannan kaso zai kai kashi 60% cikin shekaru 30 idan ba a dauki matakan kaucewa ba.
Runduna Salm, Kwararren masanin kimiyyar murjani ya bayyana yadda wadannan abubuwan zasu iya yin tasiri a gabar tekun:
"Wadannan barazanar" suna sanya murjani mara lafiya "- wata kwayar halitta mai ban sha'awa ta dabbobi da tsirrai -" wanda ke bayyanar da cututtukansa ta hanyar yin fari da rassa, wanda idan ba a daina shi a kan lokaci ba, yana haifar da mutuwa "
Idan aka fuskanci wannan yanayin, ta yaya za mu iya dawo da murjani? Kyakkyawan misali cewa tsare-tsaren kiyayewa sune mafi kyawun magani don "warkar da" murjani shine a kare ma'auni. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, duk lokacin da muke magana game da kula da kyakkyawan yanayin halittu, zai fi kyau a kula da shi tsare-tsaren kiyayewa ta yadda aikinta bazai tabarbare ba kafin ayi kokarin dawo dashi alhalin yana cikin mummunan yanayi. Yana da kyau koyaushe hana bala'i fiye da ƙoƙarin warkar da shi.
Saboda karuwar ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya da ke faruwa a Hawaii, an wanke dajin mai yawa a cikin teku. A kan wannan muna ƙara ƙaruwar zafin jiki wanda sauyin yanayi ya samar don bayar da kyakkyawan yanayin don cin zalin algae za'a iya karawa da yawa. Wannan algae yana cutar da jinsunan da ke rayuwa a kan wadannan raƙuman ruwa, kamar kunkururan teku, manyan mantas, kogin hammerhead ko dolphins.
Domin kawo karshen wannan barazanar, kungiyoyi masu zaman kansu na The Nature Conservancy sun fara shirin farfadowa a shekara ta 2012. Tsarin ya dogara ne akan kungiyar masana kimiyyar halittun ruwa masu yin ruwa sau da yawa a mako don cire wadannan algae masu cin zalin da ke mummunar tasirin reef. To murjani. Sun fitar da su ta hanyar manya-manyan masu tsabtace wurin da suka tara su suka ajiye a ƙasa. Godiya ga wannan fasaha ya yiwu ya warware 90% na matsalarkamar yadda baza ku iya cire dukkan algae ba.
Me kuke yi da ragowar 10%? Da kyau, masana kimiyya sun hayayyafa a cikin dakunan binciken su wani busasshiyar bushiyar wannan nau'in algae don kashe sauran algae. Bayan shekaru huɗu, hotunan da aka ɗauka akan wannan murjani mai jujjuya inganta lafiyar halittu. Bakin fata wanda ya faru a cikin recentan shekarun nan ya zama ƙasa da godiya ga gaskiyar cewa barazanar ta ragu.