Yankunan da ke mamayewa sune waɗanda aka shigar dasu cikin tsarin halittu wanda ba nasu ba sakamakon mutane (kusan a kowane yanayi) kuma suna iya yaɗuwa a kan sikeli da yawa, tunda bashi da iyakantuwa ko masu farautar da yake dasu a mazauninsu na asali. .
Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan cutarwa suna tafiya daga wani ɓangare na duniya zuwa wani ta hanyar jigila tare da mutane saboda kurakurai. Sau ɗaya a cikin sabon tsarin halittu, zasu iya haifuwa da faɗaɗa kewayon su, suna raba speciesan asalin. A yau za mu yi magana game da «alade». Giciye ne tsakanin alade na Vietnam da boar daji, wanda ya zama babbar matsalar muhalli a cikin al'ummu masu cin gashin kansu kamar Valencia, Madrid, Catalonia, Castilla y León ko Aragon. Me ke faruwa da wannan aladen?
Ketare tsakanin alade da boar daji
An gano alade a yankunan Navarra kamar Urraul Alto, Tierra Estella, kwarin Esteribar ko ma a yankin Pamplona. Me yasa wannan ƙetarewar ta faru? Har ilayau mun ambaci ɗan adam. Tallace-tallacen aladun Vietnam sun yi tashin gwauron zabi lokacin da mai wasan kwaikwayo George Clooney ya fito don kafofin watsa labarai tare da maskinsa "Max." Sauran 'yan wasan Hollywood sun bi sahu kuma aladun Vietnam sun zama kayan ado na duniya a duniya.
Mutane da yawa suna yin kwaikwayon sanannun mutane kuma ba su lura cewa kasancewa ta asali a wannan rayuwar ta fi kyau fiye da kwaikwayon wasu ba. Da kyau, kwaikwayon masu shahararrun mutane, sun ɗauki aladun Vietnamese a matsayin dabbobin gida. Matsalar wannan alade ita ce, lokacin da yake jariri nauyinsa kawai kilo 3 ne, amma hakan da sauri ya kai kilo 80. Wannan ya sa samun shi a cikin ɗakin kwana ba zai yiwu ba.
Saboda wannan yawancin aladu da yawa sun ƙare a cikin dutsen, rashin bin dokokin muhalli da haifar da mamayewar wannan nau'in a yankunan da ba nasu ba.
Alade bayyanar
Aladu suna bayyana mafarauta a matsayin manya-manya-manya. Sun fi ƙarancin boars na daji - wanda nauyinsu yakai kilo 100 - kuma suna da ƙafa masu tsayi sosai. Wasu suna da dogon gashi, wanda yake da launi mai duhu, yayin da wasu basu da fur. Wasu suna da doguwar hanci da sirara wasu kuma lebur ne.
Waɗannan sun samo asali ne daga ƙetare aladun Vietnamese da dabbobin daji, don haka jinsin matasan ne. Suna da manyan lalatattu da yawa fiye da na daji kuma suna cin abinci da yawa. Wannan yana haifar da mummunar lahani ga ciyawar daji da fauna da filayen noma.
Wani halayyar wadannan matasan shine sun rasa 'dabbancinsu'. Wato, ba sa guje wa mutane ko kai musu hari, tun da yawancin an haife su kuma sun girma tare da mutane. A saboda wannan dalili, mafarauta suna kashe su cikin sauƙi kuma suna gudu a kan hanyoyi, saboda adadin yana ƙaruwa ta hanyar da ta tsananta.
Ma'aikatar Muhalli ta Gwamnatin Navarra na sane da wannan matsalar kuma tana duba yiwuwar kyale mafarauta su kashe matasan da suka hada hadar a kakar wasa mai zuwa, aikin da tuni an ba da izini a wurare irin su ciungiyar Valencian.
Matsayin mafarauta
Don hana ci gaban ci gaba da aladu, an nemi mafarauta su saka kansu cikin tsari. Ayyukan mafarauta ba shine su kashe waɗannan dabbobin ta mahaukaciyar hanya ba, amma suna iya aiki tare da ɗakin gandun daji kuma su kawar da samfuran da ake samu lokaci-lokaci a cikin dajin.
Mafarautan suna ƙoƙari ta kowane hanya cewa matsalar ba ta wuce ƙari ba kuma ana sarrafa daidaitattun ka'idojin muhalli kan nau'ikan cutarwa.
Sauran nau'ikan halittu masu ban sha'awa irin su beavers, raccoons, American minks, galapagos, parrots, macizai, irin kifin na China ko kaguwa na Amurka na iya ɗauka “raguwa mai yawa a cikin indan asalin ƙasar”, Wanda hakan ya haifar da rasa alkibla na muhalli sakamakon matsi na wadannan nau'ikan samfuran masu hadari.
Wannan shine abin da ke faruwa yayin da mutane suka saki dabbobin gida a cikin filin.