Mun san cewa ɗan adam yana haifar da ƙarin tasirin tasirin muhalli kuma, tare da shi, a kan tsire-tsire da fauna na duniya. Yayinda muke birni a cikin dukkanin halittu da gurɓacewar ruwa, ƙasa da iska, nau'ikan halittu suna mutuwa da yawa kuma yawan su yana raguwa.
Kuma wannan shine yawan nau'in dabbobi da shuke-shuke waɗanda suke tare da wasu matakan barazana ya kai sabon matsayinsa a shekarar 2017. Shin kana son sanin halin da halittu ke ciki?
Yi rikodin cikin nau'in haɗari
Wannan rikodin na nau'ikan barazanar, sakamakon tasirin muhalli mafi girma fiye da kowane lokaci, yana shafar kashi 30% na dukkan nau'ikan da aka bincika don shekara-shekara na Red List of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
Jerin da IUCN ke samarwa duk shekara ya ƙunshi nau'ikan 25.800 da aka bincika daga cikinsu akwai pangolins, koalas, kogin teku da kwari masu tashi. Waɗannan nau'ikan sun fi tasiri a cikin shekarar 2017 sakamakon tasirin ɗan adam. Duk waɗannan bayanan suna nunawa cikin daidaituwa a ƙarshen shekara.
Shekarar 2016 ta rufe jerin sunayen nau'in barazanar da kusan nau'ikan 24.000, wanda ke nuni da cewa wasu karin nau'ikan 1.800 sun kasance cikin wani mataki na barazana.
Wannan bacewar jinsin zamu iya tunanin cewa ba zai shafe mu kai tsaye ba. Koyaya, akwai nau'ikan barazanar da yawa da zasu shafarmu, kamar ƙudan zuma da sauran kwari waɗanda sannu a hankali zasu ɓace daga filayen namu.
Pollinating kwari
Insectswayoyin kwari suna da mahimmanci ga albarkatun 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari, tun da yake tsire-tsire da yawa suna yaɗa ofa theiransu ta hanyar dabba azaman hanyar watsawa.
Insectswarin da ke yin ruɓin zai iya zama ba su da ƙima a cikin fewan shekaru kaɗan a Turai gaba ɗaya saboda yawan amfani da magungunan ƙwari a harkar noma. Don ganin kyakkyawan misali, a cikin Jamus kwari masu tashi sun ragu da kashi 75% cikin shekaru 27 kacal.
Saboda haka, karuwar kyawawan dabarun aikin gona da noman muhalli na iya taimakawa wajen fahimtar kyakkyawan amfani da magungunan kwari, alhakin ba na bangaren aikin gona kawai ba, har ma na garuruwa da daidaikun mutane da ke amfani da magungunan kashe kwari ba tare da la’akari da tasirin da zai iya samu ba da yanayi.
Pangolins
Pangolins nau'ikan jinsin ne musamman a wannan shekarar, musamman ma ta masu fasa-kwauri. Tun daga watan Janairun da ya gabata, cinikinta na duniya ya kasance an hana shi kwata-kwata, amma da alama ba shi da wani amfani, tunda jinsi ne wanda ya lalace a wannan shekarar ta 2017.
Wannan dabba mai shayarwa mafarauta sun farautar sa tunda ita kadai ce ke da fatar da aka rufe da manyan sikeli. Duk fatunsu da dabbobin da suke rayuwa ana ci gaba da kwacewa a Afirka da Asiya kuma IUCN ta kiyasta samfurin rayuwa miliyan 1,1 da aka kama a cikin shekaru 16 da suka gabata a nahiyoyin biyu.
Wannan ya fi muni idan ka ambaci giwaye a cikin dazuzzukan Afirka, tunda yawansu ya ragu da kashi 66%, zuwa tare da mutane kasa da 10.000. Wannan yanayi na ban mamaki ya samo asali ne daga fataucin haramtattun hauren haurensu.
Ruwan teku
A teku ba a cece mu ba; yawan ruwan teku ya ragu da kashi 30% cikin ruwan Turai a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata.
Dukkanin kamun kifi da kasuwancin sa an haramta su a cikin Bahar Rum. Amma wannan ba zai hana su kamawa cikin tarun masunta ba. Wannan kari ne kan tasirin da yake da shi kan yawaitar amfani da takin zamani, canjin yanayi da kuma tawaya, duk abubuwan da ke rage yawan mutane.
Halin koalas ma yayi mummunan rauni, tare da 80% na yawan jama'arta sun ɓace daga wasu yankuna na Ostiraliya tun daga shekarun casa'in, tsakanin wasu dalilai saboda lalacewar gandun daji gaba daya wanda ya zama mazauninsu na asali.
Kamar yadda kake gani, dan Adam yana lalata dukkan nau'in dabbobi da tsirrai a duniya.