Sizwa ngendaba i-ecotourism noma ukuvakasha kwemvelo kaningi njengoba kungomunye wemikhakha ekhula ngokushesha kuyo yonke imboni yezokuvakasha eminyakeni yakamuva. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi angachaza ukuthini, ngoba ezimweni eziningi umqondo we-ecotourism udidaniswa nokuvakasha okuhlobene ngandlela thize nendawo yayo, kodwa akucacisi uhlobo lobudlelwano umvakashi obathuthukisayo. uvakashela.
Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi iyini i-ecotourism, ukuthi isebenza kanjani nokuthi buyini ukubaluleka kwayo.
Kuyini ukuvakasha kwezemvelo
Ngokwe-International Ecotourism Association (TIES), i-ecotourism ingachazwa “njengohambo olunesibopho oluya ezindaweni zemvelo oluvikela imvelo futhi oluthuthukisa inhlalakahle yezakhamuzi zendawo.” Ngakho, ukukhuluma nge-ecotourism kukhuluma ngezokuvakasha ezinomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nemvelo kanye nemiphakathi yendawo abahlala kuleyo ndawo. Ngamanye amazwi, ngokuphambene nalokho okwakucatshangwa ekuqaleni, i-ecotourism ayiyona nje noma yiluphi uhlobo lwezokuvakasha oluhlobene nemvelo, kodwa ngaphezu kwemvelo, ubudlelwano kufanele buhlale busekelwe ekuhlonipheni nasekubukeni kokuziphatha.
Ngale ndlela, uma sithatha uhambo oluya ezintabeni njengesibonelo, singathi i-ecotourism ngoba iyindawo yemvelo. Kodwa okuchaza ngempela ukuthi uhambo lwethu luyisibonelo se-ecotourism kuzoba ubudlelwano esibakhayo nentaba, hhayi nje indawo ekhethiwe.
Ngaleyo ndlela, uma senza umzila, uhlelo lwethu lohambo ayinawo umthelela omubi entabeni (asilahli udoti emvelweni, asizilimazi izitshalo nezilwane zemvelo, futhi asihlanganyeli nokusetshenziswa okungalawuleki kwamagugu emvelo, amabhizinisi endawo noma abahlali, njll.), kungabonakala njengesibonelo. we-ecotourism.
Nakuba, ngokuphambene, uma uhambo olufanayo lwenziwa ngendlela engafanele, isibonelo kusetshenziswa izindawo ezifana nezindawo zokushushuluza eqhweni (okunomthelela olimaza kakhulu imvelo yezintaba), nakuba kuwuhlobo lwendawo yemvelo kanye ingadalela abantu bendawo ingcebo, asikwazi ngempela ukukhuluma nge-ecotourism, ngoba ubudlelwano obukhona phakathi kwezivakashi nendawo ezungezile busho ukonakala ekusebenzeni kwemisebenzi yabo yezivakashi.
Izimiso ze-ecotourism
I-International Ecotourism Association ichaza i-ecotourism eyiqiniso kakhulu njenge-ecotourism evumelana nezimiso ezithile. Lezi yizimiso eziyisikhombisa ze-ecotourism:
- Nciphisa imithelela engemihle endaweni ezungezile nasemiphakathini.
- Khiqiza inhlonipho nokuqwashisa, okuhlanganisa imvelo namasiko.
- Thuthukisa okuhlangenwe nakho okuhle kubavakashi nezakhamuzi zendawo.
- Khiqiza izinzuzo zezomnotho ezisetshenziswa ngokuqondile ukuvikela isayithi.
- ukufinyelela okuqinisekisiwe izinsiza zezezimali kanye nokukhuthaza ukubamba iqhaza ekuthathweni kwezinqumo zomphakathi.
- Khulisa ukuzwela isimo sezepolitiki, semvelo nesenhlalo yezindawo ezivakashelwe.
- Sekela amalungelo abantu jikelele kanye nemithetho nemithethonqubo yezabasebenzi yendawo.
Lezi zimiso eziyisikhombisa ziyisiqalo sokuqonda ukujula kwe-ecotourism kanye nezinjongo zayo zesikhathi esifushane nezesikhathi eside.
Imithelela emphakathini
Namuhla, emphakathini wabathengi esihlala kuwo, kunezindlela eziningi "zokwenza ezokuvakasha", futhi njengemisebenzi eminingi yansuku zonke emphakathini onjalo, umthelela wayo emvelweni uyinhlekelele. Lolu hlobo "lwezokuvakasha lwabathengi" lubandakanya ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo yemvelo kanye ukuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza zabantu zendawo ukuze zizuze kakhulukungakhathaliseki umthelela wayo.
Le ndlela yokuqonda ezokuvakasha, ngokokuziphatha nangokwezomnotho, yenza iphutha elikhulu kakhulu. Ngokombono wezimiso zokuziphatha, ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo nokuphathwa kabi kwabantu bendawo akuthetheleleki.
Ngokombono wezomnotho, lolu hlobo lwezokuvakasha ludinga ukucekelwa phansi kwefa elivumela ezokuvakasha ukuba zibe khona futhi zigcinwe, ngaleyo ndlela kuthathwe ngokuthi ukucekelwa phansi kwazo kuwumkhakha okhiqiza ingcebo.
Ngale ndlela, ukuvakasha kwabathengi yethulwa njengenguqulo yokuvakasha yemodeli "yokusebenzisa nokulahla". ebusa imisebenzi eminingi emphakathini wanamuhla, okuyisibonelo esibi kakhulu sayo yonke into ehlobene nemvelo.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, i-ecotourism iyimodeli yezokuvakasha lapho ukwenza imisebenzi yomuntu siqu kungasho umonakalo endaweni ezungezile kanye nezindawo eziheha izivakashi ezivumela ukwenza imisebenzi. Lokhu futhi kunemiphumela yokuziphatha nezomnotho. Ngokombono wesimilo, Kuyimodeli yezokuvakasha evumela ubudlelwano obunesibopho nemvelo kanye nemiphakathi yendawo.
Ngokombono wezomnotho, iqinisekisa ukuthi umsebenzi wezokuvakasha okukhulunywa ngawo uhlanganisa umsebenzi ohlala njalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okusho ukuthi uzokwazi ukukhiqiza ingcebo unomphela futhi ngaphandle kosuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi, kanye nokuqinisekisa ikusasa lezomnotho elisimeme lomphakathi. .wendawo.
Izibonelo ze-ecotourism
Ezinye zezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu ze-ecotourism zingatholakala ekuphathweni kwamanye amapaki emvelo neziqiwi zasolwandle eziguqule amamodeli azo ebhizinisi ukuze ukubeka phambili ukongiwa kwemvelo kunezinzuzo zokuvakasha kwabathengi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngezinqubomgomo ezithile, ezinye ezivame kakhulu yilezi ezilandelayo:
Khawulela inani labavakashi nezimoto ezizimele
Lesi yisinyathelo esibalulekile sokunciphisa umthelela wezokuvakasha ngobuningi. Amathikithi kufanele athengwe kusenesikhathi, okuvumela a ukuphathwa kangcono kwethrafikhi yezivakashi, kungalokothi kweqe isibalo sezivakashi ngaphandle kolawulo lomqondisi wesifunda. Ngokunjalo, ukungena ngomgwaqo kuvinjelwe, okuphoqa izivakashi ukuthi zifinyelele endaweni evikelekile zihamba ngezokuthutha ezikhethekile ngale njongo futhi zigweme ezokuthutha ezizimele.
Imisebenzi ngaphandle kwemiphumela ephazamisayo
Ngokwemvelo, ukuba khona kwezivakashi kunomthelela emvelweni. Nokho, kuzobekwa kuqala leyo misebenzi yayo umthelela awuphazamisi noma awunakulungiswa. Isibonelo, ukuvakashela amapaki emvelo emini kuvunyelwe, kodwa ukukhempa ebusuku akuvunyelwe.
Dala ingqalasizinda esimeme
Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha ngokusimeme indawo yezivakashi ukuphatha ngokuqhubekayo ingqalasizinda yezivakashi. Ngale ndlela, Ukuthinta komzimba okulula njengokubeka ibhokisi likadoti endaweni yokupaka kuyasiza ukuthi isebenze.
Dala imisebenzi futhi uvuselele umnotho wendawo
Ukwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi endaweni kuyavunywa ngoba kudinga ukuthi abasebenzi bahlale njalo. Njengabaqaphi, odokotela bezilwane, izisebenzi zesevisi yezokuvakasha, ama-artisan endawo, njll.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi ngokuthi iyini i-ecotourism nokuthi yiziphi izici zayo.