Ngaphakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze amandla avuselelekayo, labo abanolwandle njengomthombo wabo oyinhloko yibo abaphumelela kakhulu. Lesi sitatimende sivela eqinisweni lokuthi ngokungabi "nezithunzi" olwandle, izinsiza ezifana nomoya, ngokwesibonelo, zingasetshenziswa ngokuphelele. Ngamanye amagama, azikho izithiyo futhi nomoya ungasetshenziswa ngokuphelele esimweni somoya ophephela, okuthi ngamabhande awo amakhulu aqoqe umoya kancane kancane bese uwuguqula ube ngamandla ngamaphesenti amakhulu.
Umoya we-Offshore
Akungabazeki ukuthi, umoya wasolwandle usuphenduke uhlobo oluvela kakhulu kunawo wonke, vele ekupheleni kuka-2009 wawunamandla afakiwe angama-2 63 Mw futhi yize kukhona abaholi kulo mkhakha njengeDenmark ne-United Kingdom, amazwe anjengeChina bazibophezele ekwandiseni amandla abo, nasekuthuthukiseni olunye ucwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nobunjiniyela obusha obuvumela ukuxhashazwa okuphezulu kwe amapulazi omoya aphesheya kwezilwandle ngokuthuthukisa imishini yomoya engasebenza kahle kusuka olwandle.
Amandla we-Wave
Kepha olwandle kungumthombo wezinsizakusebenza eziningana, ngalomqondo amandla akhiqizwa amagagasi (amandla igagasi motor) futhi ingaguqulwa ibe ugesi.
Yize ingathuthukisiwe kangako, inobuchwepheshe bokuhlola:
- Izakhiwo eziboshelwe ogwini noma olwandle (isizukulwane sokuqala).
- Izakhiwo ze-Offshore ezinezinto ezintantayo noma ezansi emanzini angaphezulu (isizukulwane sesibili).
- Izakhiwo ze-Offshore, emanzini ajulile anomkhawulo wamamitha ayi-100, enezinto eziqoqayo ezintantayo noma ezicwilisiwe (isizukulwane sesithathu).
- Ezweni laseBasque kwenziwa iphrojekthi ngobuchwepheshe obubizwa ngokuthi Ukukhipha Ikholamu Yamanzi lapho ukunyakaza kwamagagasi kuveza ingcindezi kumthamo womoya oqukethwe kukholamu ocwiliswe kancane, ngamandla anele ukuthi lowo moya ugeleze futhi usebenze i-turbine.
- Amanye amadivayisi ama-absorbers noma ama-attenuator, ezisizakala ngokuhamba kwamagagasi ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi aguqulwa abe ugesi.
- Obunye ubuchwepheshe busekelwe izinhlelo zokuchichima kanye nama-terminator.
Amandla omswakama
Imayelana nokusizakala ngokukhuphuka nokuwa kolwandle okukhiqizwa amagagasi. Umgomo wukuthi idamu lamanzi ligcwaliswa kumsinga ophakeme futhi likhishwe emanzini aphansi, lapho izinga lamanzi phakathi kolwandle kanye nedamu lifinyelela ezingeni elithile, amanzi adluliswa nge-turbine ekhiqiza amandla kagesi. EFrance (La Rance) kunesikhungo esinjalo.
Uhlelo lunezinkinga zalo: ukuphakama kwamagagasi kufanele kudlule amamitha ayi-5, okuwumkhawulo ngoba lesi simo sihlangatshezwa ezindaweni ezithile kuphela. Okubi kwesibili kungokwakhe umthelela kwezemvelo ephezulu ngoba lezi zimo zenzeka ezindaweni ezibalulekile Imvelo yasolwandle.
Ukuhlelwa okushisayo kwe-Oceanic
Umehluko wokushisa phakathi kobuso bolwandle namanzi ajulile, umehluko wawo wezinga lokushisa kumele ube mkhulu kune-20º C (izifunda ze-equatorial kanye ne-subtropical).
It is a technology that is just starting in emazweni afana India, Japan and Hawaii.
Ukucindezelwa kwe-Osmotic
Kubhekisa ekusetshenzisweni komehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwamanzi amasha avela emifuleni namanzi anosawoti asolwandle. Inkampani ephethe iNorway iStatkraft ithuthukisa iphrojekthi e-Oslo fjord ngalezi zimiso.
Ukufakwa kukasawoti
Kususelwa kumehluko phakathi kokuqukethwe kasawoti phakathi kwamanzi omfula namanzi olwandle. Lapho la manzi exubana, kukhiqizwa amandla angaguqulwa abe ugesi.
Ulwandle lunikeza amandla amaningi kodwa ubuchwepheshe bokulusebenzisa lusesigabeni sokuzama, ngaphandle komoya wasolwandle, osuvele usunokuncintisana.
Isithiyo esikhulu ku amandla asolwandle yizindleko eziphezulu zokuxhashazwa kwayo, lokhu kubambezele intuthuko yayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokunye amandla avuselelekayo.
Siyabonga ngolwazi