Kulezi zinsuku, abantu abaningi ngokwengeziwe sebeqala ukudla imikhiqizo engokwemvelo ukuze basondele empilweni enempilo ngoba bayazi inani elikhulu lemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali, eminingi yayo enobuthi, equkethe noma yikuphi ukudla esingakuthenga esitolo.
Futhi ngukuthi sigcwele izinto ezinobuthi osukwini lwethu nosuku, kungaba ngenxa yokudla, ukungcoliswa komoya noma ikhaya lethu. Yebo, ikhaya lethu lingabuye libe yingozi ngenxa yokuba khona kwamakhemikhali asetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwalo.
Kuningi kakhulu kangangokuba iGreenpeace inomkhankaso wayo onobuthi ekhaya.
Lezi zinto ezingcolisayo zingatholakala kuzo izinto zokwakha okufana nosimende (izindlu eziningi zakhiwe ngayo), imvamisa ziqukethe izinsimbi ezisindayo ezifana ne-chromium, zinc, phakathi kwabanye.
Upende okhishwe nge-petroleum futhi uvanisha uqobo ukhipha izinto eziguquguqukayo nezinobuthi njenge-toluene, i-xylene, i-ketone, njll.
Izakhi ze-PVC azigcinwa ngoba zinobuthi obukhulu lapho zenziwa nalapho zishiswa.
Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi I-Bioconstruction iyazalwa, okuhlose ukwakha amakhaya aphilile nokunethezeka aba ngabahlanganyeli bethu.
Ukwakhiwa kwe-Bioconstruction ngaleyo ndlela akuyona into entsha, ogogo nomkhulu bethu babehlala ezindlini zemvelo, yize ezimweni eziningi intuthuko nokunethezeka esingakujabulela namuhla kwakungahlinzekelwe.
Ngaleso sikhathi, izindlu zakhiwa ngendlela yobuciko ngezinto ezihlinzekwe yimvelo uqobo njengokhuni noma itshe futhi bakwazile ukunikeza indawo yokuhlala eyanele kubahlali babo futhi noma ngabe bakhelwe ngalezi zinto, eziningi zazo zifinyelele kithi zisesimweni esihle.
Bekungekho kuze kube ukuguqulwa kwezimboni okusiholele ekwakhiweni kwanamuhla, leyo nsimbi yensimbi nosimende.
Amakhaya aluhlaza
Izinto ezisetshenziswe komunye wale mizi ziyenza ibe nekhwalithi eyengeziwe.
Imikhiqizo eminingi engasetshenziswa ekwakheni okuluhlaza isivele isetshenzisiwe futhi iyaqhubeka nokusetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi asezingeni eliphakeme njengokuvuselelwa kwezigodlo namakhaya okunethezeka.
Lokhu kunjalo kungenxa ye- izinga lekhwalithi, azibizi ngokweqile futhi zihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu ngakho-ke songa imali ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngabe kufanele sishiye indawo yokuhlala enempilo nemvelo ngenxa yekhaya lesimanje eliguqulelwe izidingo zanamuhla?
Vele akunjalo. Ikhaya lezemvelo lingaba nentuthuko efanayo neyejwayelekile futhi libe nezinzuzo ezithile, ngaphezu kwezinto ezinempilo.
Izinzuzo zigxile kakhulu ku ukwanda kokonga amandla (kulokhu sisebenzisa i-bioclimatic), okuholela ku umthelela ophansi wezemvelo yendlu yethu no ukunciphisa isikhathi sesondlo yendlu futhi, njengoba sishilo ngaphambili ukonga amandla okukhulu, lokho kuqashelwa ephaketheni lethu.
Yini okufanele siyicabangele ekwakheni okuluhlaza?
Ukuqala ngephrojekthi yokwakha eluhlaza, kufanele kubhekwe izinto eziningana, eyokuqala yazo isincomo sokuqasha uchwepheshe kulo mkhakha ngoba uzosindisa amakhanda amaningi.
Ngeshwa, abaklami abavamile kule ndaba abazi okuncane nge-eco-architecture, ngakho-ke kufanele sifune uchwepheshe, laba bambalwa, kepha bakhona kuyo yonke indawo kazwelonke futhi singayithola.
Isici sesibili yi isifundo se-geobiological wezwe lapho indlu izokwakhiwa khona.
Kulolu cwaningo, ukuguqulwa okungenzeka kube khona kwe-geophysical kumele kuchazwe kabanzi, ngale ndlela sizokwazi ukugwema noma sinciphise ukuguqulwa okungaba khona kwe-geophysical okungaphazamisa ngokuzayo, okufana amaphutha we-geological, ukukhishwa kwegesi ye-radon, iziteshi zomakhalekhukhwini, amatafula wamanzi lapho kugeleza khona imisinga yamanzi, izinkambu zikagesi ezibangelwa izintambo zikagesi nokunye okude njll.
Lapho indawo seyihlaziyiwe nokutadisha isimo sendawo, amasiko, nesimo sezulu sendawo sekuphothuliwe, iphrojekthi yenziwa ukuyivumelanisa izilinganiso ze-necesidades abanikazi besikhathi esizayo abanabo.
Izinto zokwakha
Ukuqala isakhiwo sokwakha Singakhetha ezintweni eziningana ezifana namabhulokhi e-ceramic nezitini, itshe, umhlaba (amabhlokhi azinzile omhlaba, i-adobe, udaka) nezinkuni, lokhu kungaqina noma kumapaneli.
Ukukhethwa kwezinkuni kuzoncika ekwakhiweni okwenziwa ngokususelwa ezintweni ezitholakala endaweni.
Endabeni ukuhlukaniswa, ebaluleke kakhulu ekwakhiweni kwe-bio, izinto zemvelo zisetshenziswa ekwakheni okuningi okufana nemicu yemifino (i-hemp, ukhuni, ilineni, ukhukhunathi fibre, ukotini kanye notshani), i-cellulose nokhokho.
Ukhokho yiwona osetshenziswa kakhulu kulo mkhakha, yize i-cellulose nokhuni lwensimbi lusendleleni, olubonakala luzinzile impela.
IzindongaNoma kungaphakathi noma ngaphandle, zingenziwa njengodaka lukalamula, ukhonkolo lwemvelo noma ubumba. Kokubili plaster kanye nosimende kulula ukuthola nokusebenzisa.
Uma kwenzeka kuba imishayo, iminyango namafasitela Lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokhuni oluphathwe ngemikhiqizo yemvelo futhi-ke, ngokhuni oluvela ekugawuleni okulawulwayo. Ngalokhu into enhle kakhulu ukuthi bangabanikazi bezitifiketi zehlathi njenge-FSC.
Ezinye izinto zemvelo ezisebenza esakhiweni esiluhlaza ngopende bangaphandle namavanishi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele aphefumuleke futhi angakhiphi amagesi anobuthi, ngoba upende wokwenziwa uvimbela ukujuluka.
Ukujuluka esakhiweni kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba uma bengenakho ukujuluka okwanele, izinkinga zokuncipha kanye nomswakama ziyaqala, zibangele zonke izinkinga eziseduze.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngesikhathi se- ukufakwa kukagesi Kumele sikunake ukubaluleka kokuba nokuxhuma okuhle komhlaba, ukufakwa okwenziwe okwe-spike nokungafaki izintambo zikagesi ekhanda lemibhede ukugwema inkambu kagesi.
Umthelela wezinto ezisetshenziswa ekwakheni izakhiwo
Ekwakhiweni kwezinto eziphilayo, imvelo iyabusa ngakho-ke ibe nomthelela ophansi kwezemvelo, lo mthelela wezemvelo awuqali lapho isakhiwo sesivele sakhiwe noma ngenkathi kwenziwa umsebenzi, kepha lo mthelela utholakala kuzo zonke izigaba zawo: ukukhishwa, ukuthuthwa, ukuphatha, ukuthunyelwa, ukusebenza, nokuphela kwempilo nokulahlwa.
Futhi ngikhuluma ngomthelela wezinto ezikhiqizwa kokubili emvelweni nasempilweni yabantu (izifo nezifo ezenzeka emsebenzini).
Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe eshiwo ngenhla ikwazile ukwenza ngcono izici zobuchwepheshe zezinto zokwakha, kepha, "ikhokhwa" ngezimpawu zebhayoloji nokuphepha kwemvelo.
Okusho ukuthi, ngokuvela kwezinto ezintsha zokwakha, izinkinga ezintsha zivele nabo, njenge: izindleko eziphakeme zemvelo, ukuqhuma kwemisebe ephezulu, ubuthi, ukungabi nomjuluko, ukuphazanyiswa okuvela emasimini kagesi kazibuthe nemvelo, njll. Konke lokhu kuholela ohlotsheni lokwakhiwa kokulwa nemvelo, kungabi ntofontofo futhi okungenampilo.
Kungalesi sizathu ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwe-bioconstruction kufanele kukhule futhi kukhule ngendlela ebonakalayo, kusetshenziswa izinto zemvelo njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla futhi zisebenzisa ezinye amasu wokwakha afaneleka kakhulu futhi ucabangela:
- Umthelela emvelweni phakathi nomjikelezo wempilo.
- Imiphumela empilweni yabantu.
- Ibhalansi yamandla phakathi nomjikelezo wayo wempilo.
- Izinzuzo zomphakathi.
Izinzuzo ezitholwe ngokwakha ngokusemthethweni (kwabazakhelayo)
ESpain ngokwakhiwa kwezindlu (noma ngabe usayizi) iphrojekthi ibalulekile womdwebi wamapulani noma omunye uchwepheshe onala makhono, afana nala: onjiniyela bezimboni, imisebenzi yomphakathi, njll., kuya ngezimpawu nobungako bomsebenzi.
Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukuzakhela ikhaya lakho kuleli zwe, akufanele ungawunaki lo mininingwane ebalulekile.
Ngokunjalo, kuyalulekwa ukuthi ube nochwepheshe ongaphendukela kuye uma kukhona ukungabaza nokunye ukubala ongase uphuthelwe yikho ungenalo ulwazi olwanele.
Kubo bonke omasipala futhi kuyadingeka ukucela imvume ngaphambi kwesikhathi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokwakhiwa futhi ubheka ukuthi kuya ngomasipala ngamunye uhlobo lwemvume lungahluka, ngubani okufanele akunikeze imvume eshiwo, umuntu onelungelo lokwethula iphrojekthi ...
Noma kungahle kube yinkimbinkimbi, uma ubeka ngokomthetho iphrojekthi yokuzakhela ungathola lolu chungechunge lwezinzuzo:
- Ukuqedwa kobungozi bomyalelo wokubhidlizwa ngenxa yokungathobeli imithetho.
- Ukuqedwa kobunzima ekutholeni izinsizakalo zokuhlinzekwa kwamanzi, ugesi kanye nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi angcolile.
- Ukuqedwa kobunzima ekutholeni imali mboleko yempahla ehambisana nokwakhiwa noma ukuthi kungenzeka kutholakale imixhaso nokwamukelwa kumanethiwekhi okuhlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya kanye / noma usizo lwemisebenzi yezolimo kanye / noma usizo lokonga ugesi kanye nokufakwa kwamandla avuselelekayo.
- Izimo ezingcono zokuthengiswa kwekhaya ekugcineni noma ukwakhiwa.
Iphrojekthi yeBala-box
Njengolwazi olungeziwe, kufanele ngikhulume nge-Bala-box Project, equkethe ukwakhiwa kwesibonelo sendlu encane kusetshenziswa amabhlogo wokhuni notshani abekiwe ngaphambili.
Ngalolu hlelo, Kuhloswe ukusabalalisa ngokusobala izinzuzo zokwakhiwa kwemvelo, okunempilo nokusebenza kahle.
Abagqugquzeli balo msebenzi ngu-Alfonso Zavala, owakha izakhiwo, noLuis Velasco, umbazi nomakhi, abanentshisekelo kumasu weBioconstruction. UPaloma Folache, umbuyiseli nochwepheshe kuzicelo zodonga, uchwepheshe ekuqedweni kwemvelo, noPablo Bernaola, umakhi wezinto eziphilayo onguchwepheshe bezitofu ze-inertia ezishisayo, uqedela iqembu.