Eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-2 edlule, ikakhulukazi ngo-Okthoba 15, 2015, yavulwa ukuvinjelwa kwamandla avuselelekayo e-Argentina.
Ngalolo suku, kwashicilelwa umthetho u-27.191 kwiGazethi Esemthethweni, lokho okujwayelekile kwaba ukukhanya okukhanyise i-fuse yokukhula okumangazayo kwezinto ezivuselelekayo ezweni eliseningizimu.
Lo mthetho uvumele ukufika kwezimali kusuka Ama-dollar ayi-7000 kanye namakhulu ezinkampani ezintsha zokufaka nokuphatha izitshalo ze-photovoltaic, amapulazi omoya, izitshalo ze-biomass kanye ne-biogas kanye nezitshalo ezisebenza ngogesi omncane.
Uhlelo lwe-RenovAr
Njengoba sichaza ku ezinye izindatshana, lo kuzoba unyaka omuhle wokukhuthaza okwenziwa kabusha. Empeleni, amaphrojekthi asayinwe ezinyangeni eziyi-12 ezedlule azoqala ukwakhiwa, kanye nama-26 asevele esakhiwa, ahambelana Uhlelo lwe-RenovAr, iphakanyiswe nguHulumeni.
Uma i-Argentina iqhubeka ngalelo zinga, izohlangabezana nenhloso yokumboza u-20% wamatrix wayo wamandla ngamandla avuselelekayo ngo-2025, namuhla isibalo asifinyeleli ku-2%, kodwa izitshalo ezintsha ukwakhiwa kuzovumela ukufinyelela ku-8% kulo nyaka kanye no-12% ngo-2019.
Ngokusho kwezikhulu ezahlukahlukene: «Kuyamangalisa lokho kuyenzeka e-Argentina, izwe liyazibeka emhlabeni njengenye yezimakethe ezikhanga kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amandla avuselelekayo ”.
UJuan Bosch, umongameli weSaesa, umthengisi wegesi namandla, uyaqinisekisa ukuthi i-Argentina iyilo ukuba ngcono kakhulu. "Uma ubheka emuva eminyakeni emibili kuphela, uyabona ukuthi izwe lidlale kwenye iligi ezindabeni ezivuselelekayo, belinamandla angu-1/2% kuphela avuselelekayo kumatrix wezamandla. Namuhla ayikho ingqungquthela yamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni lapho i-Argentina kungakhulunywa ngayo njengendawo yokutshala imali ”.
Lezo zimali zivela emhlabeni wonke. Lokhu kuzosiza i-Argentina ukuthi zikhule emhlabeni ovuselelekayoNgenkathi lapha kukhona amandla afakiwe we-678 MW, i-Uruguay ine-1720 MW (44% ye-matrix yamandla); I-Chile, i-3740 MW (17%), neBrazil, i-28.310 MW (18%).
Njengamanje kuphela ama-MW angu-678 wamandla avuselelekayo ondlisa i-matrix yamandla e-Argentina, ngenkathi ukuhlangabezana nenjongo engu-20% ngo-2025 kuzosho ukuthi finyelela ku-10.000 MW. Ukufeza lokhu, uhulumeni wethule uHlelo lwe-RenovAr, ithenda enkulu ehlukaniswe yaba yimizuliswano eklomelisa amaphrojekthi wokukhiqiza ezinkampanini ezahlukahlukene.
Kuze kube manje, obekusakazeke kakhulu yilokhu okushiwo ngenhla Uhlelo lwe-RenovAr, esivele isiqede imizuliswano emithathu (umjikelezo 1 ngo-Agasti 2016; umjikelezo 1,5 ngoNovemba 2016, nomjikelezo 2 ngo-Okthoba 2017). Umusa ucacisa ukuthi sekuvele kukhona ama-4466,5 MW akhishwa yilesi simiso, ahambelana namaphrojekthi ayi-147 (ama-59 wemizuliswano engu-1 no-1,5 no-88 womjikelezo wesi-2). "Kulokho kumele sengeze amanye amaphrojekthi ayi-10 esinqumo 202."
Amanani
Ukutshalwa kwemali okudingekayo kubaluleke kakhulu futhi kuncike ohlotsheni lobuchwepheshe obukhethiwe: isibonelo, ukufaka i-MW eyodwa yamandla emandleni elanga, kumele ikhokhwe cishe ama- $ 850000, ngenkathi i-MW eyodwa yamandla omoya, kudingeka ama- $ 1.2 million.
Mayelana nezinsizakusebenza, izwe alinalutho lokufisa ezinye izizwe. Kunomoya omningi (nokuqina okuhle) ePatagonia; ilanga eliningi eNyakatho (yize likhona naseCórdoba), futhi kukhona izinsiza eziningi we-biogas kanye ne-biomass endaweni yezolimo. Kukhona namandla okutshala i-mini-hydroelectric plant.
Amandla avuselelekayo ashibhile kunamandla endabuko: enye yamaphrojekthi we-RenovAr ashibhe kakhulu avale ama-US $ 45 nge-MW / h ngayinye, kanti namuhla umsebenzisi omkhulu uthenga kwaCamessa e-US $ 70/80 MW / h. Kumthengi ojwayelekile lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba i-MW / h ngayinye yamandla avuselelekayo inciphisa isikweletu sayo sikagesi.
Amandla omoya
Uhulumeni ufuna ukudala ukuxubana kukagesi kwe ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile (umoya, i-solar, i-biogas, i-biomass ne-mini-hydro), kepha okuyinhloko ngamandla omoya, lapho sekunezinkontileka ezinikezwe ingqikithi ye-2.5 GW.
Amandla elanga
Ngemuva kwamandla omoya, ilanga lilandela ngokubaluleka, nge amaphrojekthi aklonyelisiwe ngo-1732 MW. Njengamanje, lobu buchwepheshe abunakho ukungena okuningi ezweni. Kukhona kuphela i-7 MW eSan Juan, okumele ingezwe kuyo isitshalo sokuhlola esingu-1,5 MW nakuleso sifundazwe.
Kulokhu, i-360 Energy, ngokwemiklomelo, iyinkampani enkulu kunazo zonke yezamandla elanga ezweni. Isikhulu saso, u-Alejandro Lew, uveza ukuthi, njengengxenye entsha inguquko evuselelekayo, le nkampani isayine izinkontileka eziningana ngaphansi kwemithetho yeRenoVar 1,5 Round (izinkontileka eziyisikhombisa, ze-165 MW, eSan Juan, Catamarca naseLa Rioja, inkontileka yokuqala ezoqala ukusebenza ngoMashi) nakuRound 2 (izinkontileka zika-147 MW ukuthi izoqala ukusebenza ngo-2019 nango-2020, eCatamarca, eSan Juan, eLa Rioja naseCórdoba "Sekukonke, sizotshala imali engamaRandi ayizigidi ezingama-300".
U-Lew ugcizelela ukuthi i-Argentina ingaba amandla elanga. Ikakhulukazi enyakatho-ntshonalanga yezwe, kepha nasezindaweni ezingabonakala ayisebenzi kahle kakhulu, njengesifundazwe saseBuenos Aires (esingcono kunezinye izindawo zaseYurophu). "Intuthuko ekhonjiswe kumandla elanga iphakamisa ukuthi yonke i-matrix yamandla endawo ingahlinzekwa yilowo mthombo."
Amanye amandla
Ukuqhubeka emuva, kepha futhi nokutshalwa kwemali namaphrojekthi, kuza ama-biogas kanye ne-biomass. Kuze kube manje sekukhishwe ama-MW angama-65 no-158 MW, esimweni ngasinye. Namuhla, izitshalo ze-biogas ezweni zibalwa eminweni yesandla esisodwa (okungenani i-10 MW), kepha kulinganiselwa ukuthi ezinyangeni ezingama-24 ezizayo zizoba cishe ezingama-30.
Imbewu, isibonelo, yamemezela ukutshalwa kwezimali okungama-US $ 11 million ukwakha isitshalo se-biogas eVenado Tuerto (2 MW) kanye ne-US $ 13 million ukwakha esinye ePergamino (2,4 MW). «Lokhu kungaba okokuqala ngoba sicabanga nweba umthamo. Uma kuneRenovAr 3, sizocubungula ukuzethula thina, ngoba sifuna ukwakha izitshalo eziningi siphinde sithole inzuzo ».
Ushintsho oluluhlaza olutholakele kule minyaka emi-2 edlule luyamangalisa, futhi lubeke izwe ezinhlelweni zabatshalizimali bomhlaba, sebefika ukutshalwa kwezimali okuyizigidi eziningi, kusayinwa izinkontileka, kwakhiwa inqwaba yamapaki futhi kwenziwa imisebenzi. Luselude ukhalo okusamele luhambe i-Argentina ukuze ibe namandla emandleni ahlanzekile, kodwa itshe lokuqala selivele selibekiwe.