Amandla avuselelekayo angena emakethe yamandla emhlabeni. Amazwe amaningi ngokwengeziwe abheja ezintweni ezivuselelekayo futhi kuncane kumafutha ezimbiwa phansi. Okungenani yilokho okushiwo ucwaningo eMadrid, okukhombisa lokho utshalomali lwamandla omhlaba lwehle ngo-12% ngowezi-2016, kube unyaka wesibili olandelanayo wokwehla.
Ucwaningo selulungiswe ngochwepheshe be-IEA futhi lubizwa ngeWord Energy Investment. Iqukethe ucezu lolwazi olukhombisa lokho utshalomali ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla lukhule ngo-9%. Ngabe kuliqiniso yini ukuthi kunamandla amaningi futhi asebenza ngokwengeziwe namandla okubasa ezimbiwa phansi?
Ukutshalwa kwamandla
I-World Energy Investment 2017, ye I-International Energy Agency, eyethulwe izolo endlunkulu yeSpanish Energy Club, ihlaziya ukutshalwa kwezimali okwenziwe ezindabeni zamandla nasekuziphendukeleni kwawo onyakeni odlule kubo bonke ogesi kanye nabo bonke ubuchwepheshe bamandla.
Lolu cwaningo ngezinye izikhathi luye lwahlola imithombo yokutshalwa kwemali emkhakheni wezamandla emhlabeni jikelele, kanye nezindleko ezenzelwe ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kahle kwamandla namandla avuselelekayo.
Kunezinqubomgomo eziningi ezikhona maqondana namandla kuwo wonke amazwe. Kepha cishe bonke baphumele ukwehla kotshalomali kumafutha ezimbiwa phansi kanye nokukhuphuka kokusebenza kahle kwamandla ngo-2016. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinkampani zikawoyela negesi ziyazibuyisa njengoba ubuchwepheshe obusha bufika. Lokhu kubuye kubangele ukuthi amanani entengo alo mkhakha ahluke futhi ashibhe futhi abangele ukuthambekela kokutshalwa kwezimali ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla, ukukhuphuka kokusebenza kanye nokunciphisa ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
Ochwepheshe be-IEA ababambe iqhaza kulesi sethulo bagcizelela ukuthi lo mbiko unikeza isisekelo esibucayi ekuthathweni kwezinqumo futhi wagcizelela ukuthi izinqumo zokutshalwa kwemali ezenziwa namuhla zinquma kanjani ukuthi ukutholakala kwamandla nokufunwa kwamandla kuzothuthuka kanjani kusasa, kubaluleke kakhulu ekugcineni ukuphepha kwamandla nokufeza izinhloso zemvelo.
Ngo-2016, ukutshalwa kwezimali emhlabeni wonke kwehle ngo-12%. Mayelana nokutshalwa kwemali okwenziwe ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla, sithola ukwanda ngo-9% kuthi amanethiwekhi kagesi abe ngu-6%. Lokhu kuncishiswa okubukhali kotshalomali ku-oyela, igesi yemvelo namalahle kudalwe wukuthuthuka kokusebenza kahle kwamandla kanye nokwanda kwamandla avuselelekayo.
Kodwa-ke, i-Ejensi ilindele ukuthi utshalomali ngo-2017 luzinze uma kuqhathaniswa nango-2016.
Ukubaluleka kweChina
Njengoba sazi, u-60% wamandla akhiqizwa kulo lonke elaseChina ungamalahle. Ukungcoliswa komoya kukhuphukele emazingeni aphakeme kangangoba kuyadingeka ukushintshwa kwepharadigm yamandla. Ngakho-ke, iChina inyuse utshalomali lwayo ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla, njengoba izinqubomgomo zikahulumeni ezinamandla sezisunguliwe.
IChina yizwe elatshala imali eningi ekusebenziseni ugesi ngo-2016. Yisifunda esikhula ngesivinini esikhulu, sibala ama-27% otshalo-mali lomhlaba wonke ngo-2016. Kuleli zinga, ngokusho kwe-IEA, eChina, lapho ukutshalwa kwamalahle kwehle ngo-25% Ngo-2016, ingadlula iYurophu, umtshalizimali omkhulu kunabo bonke kuze kube manje ekusebenzeni kwamandla, eminyakeni embalwa.
Izindawo zokutshala imali
Iningi lemali elitshalwe emhlabeni wonke ekusebenzeni kahle kwamandla liye ekuthuthukiseni ukwakhiwa, kufaka phakathi izinto ezisebenza kahle nokushisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kumiselwe ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-65.000 zamadola aseMelika uye ku-R & D emhlabeni wonke ngonyaka wezi-2015. Kodwa-ke, inani elichithwe ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezamandla alikhuphukile eminyakeni emine edlule, ngisho nesabelo esihambelana namandla avuselelekayo.
Izwe laseMelika labona ukwehla okukhulu ekutshalweni kukawoyela negesi
Ekugcineni, iChina futhi idlula iJapan ocwaningweni nasekwakhiweni kwezinhlobo ezintsha zamandla nasekukhuliseni ukusebenza kwawo kahle, usezingeni lokuqala ngokwe-GDP.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona, umhlaba, noma uhamba kancane, ubheke ekushintsheni kwamandla kususelwa emandleni avuselelekayo nokusebenza kahle kwamandla.