Ngokusho kwe-INFORMA's DBK Sector Observatory, i- amandla afakiwe okuqoqiwe kwe- amandla avuselelekayo ekupheleni kuka-2016 ngifinyelele Amamegawathi angama-32.846 (+ 0,2%), ukugcina ukuthambekela okuphansi kokukhula kweminyaka yamuva.
I-Las ukufakwa komoya kwakha umthombo omkhulu wamandla avuselelekayo, ukuhlinzeka nge- 70,1% wamandla afakiwe okunqwabelene kusukela ngoDisemba 2016. Ngezansi kukhona izakhiwo ze- Photovoltaic Solar Amandla, okuqoqe i- 14,2%, ngenkathi i- i-thermoelectric bacabanga ukuthi 7%. Ama-8,7% asele asatshalaliswa phakathi kokufakwa kwe-hydraulic ngaphansi kombuso okhethekile nezitshalo zokukhiqiza amandla avela ku-biomass.
Amandla avuselelekayo
Ngo-2016 basebenze Amapulazi omoya angu-1.359, ngamandla aphelele we Amamegawathi angama-23.026 XNUMX. Uma sibheka ilanga, uLa amandla afakiwe okunqwabelene okubhalisiwe a ukukhula kuka-0,3% ngo-2016, kufinyelela kuma-megawatts angu-4.674, kwasabalala Izitezi ezingama-61.386 ixhunywe kunethiwekhi. Ngokwengxenye yayo, inani lezikhungo ezisebenzayo amandla elanga we-thermoelectric ihlala izinzile kusukela ngo-2013, isiyonke Izikhungo ezingama-51 ngamandla afakiwe esewonke angama-megawatt ama-2.300.
I-Las izinkampani eziyishumi eziphezulu ngokwamandla afakiwe wamandla avuselelekayo (kubhekwe umoya, amandla we-photovoltaic solar kanye namandla we-thermoelectric solar) ngokuhlanganyela 57% wamandla esewonke ngo-2016. ukuhlushwa ikakhulukazi kuphakanyisiwe engxenyeni amandla elanga we-thermoelectric (73%) futhi umoya (70%), kanti, ngokuphambene nalokho, leyo yamandla elanga we-photovoltaic yiyona i-athomu eyengeziwe (13%).
Izindali ezi-3 ebezenziwe ngonyaka odlule zizofaka isandla ekuguqulweni kwe- isakhiwo sokuncintisana umkhakha esikhathini esimaphakathi, uma kunikezwe ukuthi ingxenye enhle yamandla abiwe itholakele ku amaqoqo amakhulu. Kowokuqala nowesibili kube yiForestalia, kuthi ekugcineni kube yi-ACS.
Lezi zindali zizokhuphula izinga le- ukuhlinzekela ukuhlushwa. Lo mkhuba uzosebenza ikakhulukazi esigabeni samandla i-solar photovoltaic nomoya
Ngokuya ngenani, imali engenayo eyenziwe ngokuthengiswa komoya namandla elanga yema 7.069 million euro ngo-2016, sibalo a 9,3% ngaphansi kulokho okurekhodiwe ngo-2015. Ibhizinisi i-solar kube nomthelela ekukhokhisweni okuphelele 4.212 million euro (2.739 million ku-photovoltaic kanye no-1.473 ku-thermoelectric), ngaphambi kwesigaba umoya, ngezigidi ezingu-2.857.
Manje ake sikhulume ngezindali ubeke amazwana phambilini, nabaphumelele kuyo.
Indali yesithathu
I-ACS ingumnqobi omkhulu endalini evuselelekayo kulo mcimbi. Nge-subsidiary yayo UCobra uthathe okungaphezu kwesigamu salokho uHulumeni akusho endalini, ikakhulukazi i-1.550MW yamandla elanga we-photovoltaic.
Iqembu IForestalia iklonyeliswe ngama-316MW yamandla we-photovoltaic futhi ebhodini ebanjwe yi-OMIE ngoLwesithathu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Enel Green Power España, ongumnikazi we-Endesa, ukwazile ukuthola 339 MW.
Zonke izinkampani zikwazile ukufaka ibhidi ngokunikezwa ngesaphulelo esiphezulu lokho kwavumela indali, eyayingama-65% wenani elijwayelekile lokutshala imali lesitshalo se-photovoltaic. Lesi saphulelo siphakeme kunasendalini kaMeyi, lapho besiku-59%.
Inkampani yeqembu eliphethwe ngumongameli waseMadrid nguFlorentino Pérez, ezikhethekile seIzinsizakalo eziphelele kagesi, igesi, ezokuxhumana kanye nojantshi, ngaleyo ndlela iba ngumnqobi ngaphambi kweXElio, nge-455 MW; Endesa, ngo-Enel Green Power, nge-339 MW; iForestalia Group, eno-316 MW (kowedlule kuthathe i-1.200 yama-3.000); IGesi Yemvelo Fenosa, ama-250 MW, njengeSolaria; I-Opde, 200 MW; I-Prodiel, i-182 MW. IGestamp, engumnikazi wama-20% weXElio (80% yathengiswa esikhwameni seKKR), inikezwe ama-24 MW. I-Alter izuze ama-50 MW ne-Alten, i-13 MW.
Enkambeni yomoya, owinile ube yinhloko-dolobha yase-Alfamar i-Energya, ene-720MW, ngaphambi kweGreenalia (umoya weRenova), ene-133 MW, ne-Ibervento, ene-172 MW, ikakhulukazi.
Sekukonke, badlula i-5.000 MW, inani eliphakeme kunalelo elibekiwe. Lokhu kungenxa yesidingo esikhulu nokuthi seqiwe kakhulu. Eqinisweni, indali yokuqala ngeye-2.000 MW, enwebekayo ibe ngu-3.000. Yize, uHulumeni kugcinwe isigatshana esiyimfihlo ukuze kuvunyelwe amamegawathi amaningi avela ku-3.000 uma kwenzeka ubhide ngesaphulelo esiphezulu.
Ukungena kwenkampani yeqembu ebeliholwa nguFlorentino Pérez kuyinto emangazayo efana naleyo kaForestalia, owaba ngumnqobi omkhulu kunabo bonke endalini emibili yokugcina yokwabiwa kohlelo lwemivuzo okusha amandla kagesi avuselelekayo, nge-1.500 MW yamandla omoya kanye ne-108,5 MW yokukhiqizwa kukagesi nge-biomass. Ngale ndlela, iForestalia yengeza ama-megawatts ayi-1924,5 anikezwe phakathi kwezindali ezintathu zokugcina, futhi ihlanganisa futhi nombono wayo wokukhonjiswa kwipharadigm entsha yokuphehlwa kwamandla kagesi, emakethe esebenza kahle, evulekile futhi enokuncintisana.
Endalini kaMeyi, ngemuva I-Forestalia IGesi Yemvelo Fenosa yayikhona, ingaphezudlwana kuka-600 MW; I-Enel Green Power Spain, ene-MW engaphezulu nje kuka-500; kanye ne-Nokia Gamesa, ene-206 MW. INorvento ithathe i-128 MW.
Ngokumangazayo, u-Iberdrola, inkampani ehamba phambili yaseSpain emandleni omoya, unayo ushiywe ngaphandle kubalingisi. Zonke izinkampani ezincintisanayo zinikeze isaphulelo esiphezulu esivunyelwe, esethwe kuma-63,43% wentengo nge-megawatt ngayinye.
Imiphumela yokugcina yale ndali izolethwa kusasa nguMnyango Wezamandla kwiKhomishini Kazwelonke Yezimakethe Nezokuncintisana (CNMC) ukuze iqinisekiswe. Ngalezi zindali ezimbili, u-EISpain izobe ingaphansi kwengxenye yeshumi yokuhlangabezana nomgomo obekelwe i-2020, okuzokhiqizwa kabusha okungu-20%.
I-Forestalia
Iqembu iForestalia lazalwa ngo I-Zaragoza ngo-2011, umphumela we umsebenzi webhizinisi elide okwedlule ekukhuthazeni amandla avuselelekayo, ikakhulukazi ezitshalweni zamandla namandla omoya kusukela ngo-1997.
Njengamanje inezitshalo zamandla eSpain, eFrance nase-Italy; yakha isigayo esikhulu se-pellet nokuhlukaniswa kwezwe e-Erla (Zaragoza); ikhuthaza izitshalo zokukhiqiza ugesi we-biomass e-Aragon, eValencian Community nase-Andalusia, nasemapulazini ahlukahlukene omoya, ikakhulukazi e-Aragon.
NgoJanuwari 14, 2016, iForestalia Group yaba yindondo enkulu kunayo yonke endalini yoMnyango Wezezimboni, Amandla Nezokuvakasha ekwabiweni kwe uhlelo oluthile lwamaholo kwizikhungo ezintsha zokukhiqiza ugesi kusuka kubuchwepheshe bomoya kanye ne-biomass. Ngamandla omoya, iForestalia Group yanikezwa ama-MW angama-300, kuma-MW angama-500 endalini; futhi ku-biomass, ithole u-108,5 MW we-biomass, ku-200 MW endalini.
Ukuvela kweQembu laseForestalia emakethe yamandla kuzoveza imiphumela emihle kakhulu: IForestalia izibophezele emakethe evulekile, enokuncintisana, evulelekile, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi futhi, ekugcineni, izinzuzo eziningi kumanani omthengi