Izitshalo eziyi-7 ezinkulu zikagesi eSpain

Presa

Phambilini besikhulume ngamandla kagesi ophehlwa ngamanzi eSpain, nokuthi kanjani amathonya ku- «energy mix» yethu, ungabona i-athikili ngokuchofoza LAPHA.

Kulesi sihloko sizokhuluma nge- Izitshalo eziyi-7 ezinkulu zokuphehla ugesi yezwe, kuqala nge-Aldeadávila emaphakathi, futhi kuphele ngo-Entany Gento.

Izitshalo ze-Aldeadávila hydroelectric

Idamu le-Aldeadávila nezitshalo eziphehla ugesi ophehlwa ngamanzi, owaziwa nangokuthi i-Aldeadávila jump. Kungumsebenzi wepharaonic owakhiwe eduze noMfula iDouro, amakhilomitha ayi-7 ukusuka edolobheni lase I-Aldeadávila I-de la Ribera, etholakala esifundazweni saseSalamanca (Castilla y León) futhi ingenye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu yobunjiniyela bamandla kagesi eSpain mayelana namandla afakiwe okukhiqizwa kwamandla nogesi.

I-Aldeadávila, esebenza nge-Iberdrola, inezitshalo ezimbili zokuphehla ugesi. I-Aldeadávila I, yaqala ngo-1962 kanti i-Aldeadávila II, yaqala ngo-1986. Eyokuqala ine-810 MW efakiwe kanti eyesibili ine-433 MW, eyenza inani cishe lama-1.243 MW. Ukukhiqizwa kwayo okujwayelekile kungu-2.400 GWh ngonyaka.

ICentral José María de Oriol, Alcántara

E-Extremadura, i-Iberdrola inesinye sezitshalo zayo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuphehla ugesi, esikaJosé María de Oriol, esaziwa nangokuthi yi-Alcántara, esinamandla afakiwe angama-916 megawatts (MW). Amandla ayo cishe kabili amandla kagesi enikezwa yinkampani kulo mphakathi ozimele ngezikhathi zokusetshenziswa okuphezulu.

Itholakala edolobheni laseCaceres i-Alcántara, inamaqembu amane kagesi kagesi angama-229 MW wamandla aqale ukusebenza phakathi kuka-1969 no-1970. ucezu olusinda kakhulu kokufakwa yi-Rotor ye-generator ngayinye enesisindo samathani ayi-600.

Isiziba esimaphakathi singesesibili ngobukhulu eSpain kanti sesine eYurophu. Lokhu kunomthamo omkhulu wama-cubic hectometres angama-3.162 (Hm3) kanti nedamu linalo Amamitha ayi-130 ukuphakama, Amamitha angu-570 wobude be-crest namasango e-spillway ayi-7 anomthamo omkhulu wokukhipha we-12.500 m3 / s asebenza njengamadreyini lapho kudingeka.

IVillarino Central

Ekuhambeni komfula iTormes sithola idamu kanye ne Idamu le-Almond. Itholakala ku-5 km ukusuka edolobheni laseSalamanca i-Almendra kanye ne-7 km ukusuka edolobheni laseZamora laseCibanal, eCastilla y León. Kuyingxenye yohlelo lweSaltosos del Duero kanye nengqalasizinda efakwe e-Aldeadávila, Castro, Ricobayo, Saucelle naseVillalcampo.

Isitshalo se-hydroelectric siyinqaba kakhulu futhi sichitha isilinganiso esikhulu sobuhlakani. Endabeni ye-Almendra-Villarino, imishini yenjini ayitholakali ngaphansi kwedamu, ukuphakama kuka-202 m; Kunalokho, ithatha amanzi cishe ezingeni eliphansi futhi lokhu kudlula emhubheni ombiwe edwaleni elingu-7,5 m ububanzi kanye no-15.000 m ubude ogcina ucwila echibini lase-Aldeadávila, eMfuleni iDuero. Ngalokhu, kungenzeka ukuthola ukuphakama kwama-410 m, nendawo yokugcina amanzi engama-8.650 ha kuphela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaqembu e-turbine-alternator ayabuyiselwa emuva futhi angasebenza njengepompo-motor.

Amandla afakiwe ezitshalo eziphehla ugesi ngamanzi angama-857 MW futhi ane- ukukhiqizwa okujwayelekile 1.376 GWh ngonyaka.

ICentral de Cortes-La Muela. 

Isitshalo se-Iberdrola hydroelectric esiseCortes de Pallás (Valencia) yiyona isiteshi esikhulu sokumpompa ezwenikazi laseYurophu . Itholakala emfuleni iJúcar, futhi ngenxa yokuqalwa kwamaqembu amane aguqukayo afakwe emgedeni ukuze kusizakale ukwehla kwamamitha ayi-500 phakathi kwechibi laseLa Muela kanye nedamu laseCortes de Pallás, lesi sitshalo sandise u-630 MW waso yamandla afinyelela ku-1.750 MW ku-turbine naku-1.280 MW ekupompa.

Lesi sitshalo sikwazi ukukhiqiza i-1.625 GWh futhi sihlangabezane nesidingo saminyaka yonke samakhaya acishe abe yi-400.000

ISaucelle Central

Idamu, isiteshi sikagesi nedamu laseSaucelle, elaziwa nangokuthi impophoma yaseSaucelle, kungumsebenzi ubunjiniyela be-hydroelectric eyakhiwe enkabeni yomfula iDuero. Itholakala kumakhilomitha ayi-8 ukusuka edolobheni laseSaucelle, esifundazweni saseSalamanca. Isigaba esitholakala kuso saziwa njenge-Arribes del Duero, ukucindezeleka okujulile kwendawo okusungula umngcele ophakathi kweSpain nePortugal.

Kuyingxenye yohlelo lweSaltos del Duero kanye nengqalasizinda efakwe e-Aldeadávila, Almendra, Castro, Ricobayo naseVillalcampo. USaucelle ungumnikazi wezitshalo ezimbili zokuphehla ugesi. ISaucelle I yakhiwa phakathi kuka-1950 no-1956, unyaka eyaqala ngawo ukusebenza, futhi inamandla angu-251 megawatts futhi ine 4 Imishini yenjini kaFrancis. ISaucelle II yaqala ukusebenza ngonyaka we-1989 futhi inezinjini ezimbili zikaFrancis kanye namandla afakiwe we-2 MW, isamba esingu-269 MW.

UCedillo

Idamu laseCedillo lisendaweni eningi yomhlaba yoMfula iTagus, e ukuvumelana ngentela yayo iSever. Lesi sitshalo sakhiwa ngo-1975 futhi siphethwe yi-Iberdrola, ngokuya ngesivumelwano esasayinwa ngo-1968 Portugal futhi inhloso kabani "kwakungukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwama-hydraulic ezingxenyeni zamazwe omfula iMiño, iLima, iTajo, iGuadiana, iChanza nemifula yabo." Iqale ukusebenza ngo-1978 futhi inamandla afakiwe ka-500 MW.

Idamu, lohlobo lwedamu kanye ne-arch-gravity subtype, linokuphakama kwamamitha angama-66 futhi lisendaweni ITagus-International Natural Park, onemikhawulo emakwe yimifula iTagus neSever, ehlala esiqeshaneni esincane, ngaphandle kwasekugcineni kweTagus, lapho imingcele ikhuliswa khona futhi inwetshwe yizimfunda nemithambeka egelezela ngaseSever.

I-Estany-Gento Sallente

Isitshalo se-Estany-Gento Sallente uhlobo olubuyela emuva futhi saqala ukusebenza ngo-1985. Lesi sitshalo sakhiwa phakathi nomfula iFlamisell njengoba sidlula kumasipala waseLa Torre de Cabdella. Inamandla angama-468 MW futhi, cishe kuzo zonke izitshalo ze-Endesa, ifakwe imishini engu-4 kaFrancis. Impophoma inobude obungamamitha ayi-400,7.

Lesi sitshalo, esifakwe phakathi kwamachibi amabili (i-Estany Gento, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha ayi-2.140; neSallente, kumamitha ayi-1.765), sisebenza endaweni ingaguquguquki ngokuphelele: ngezikhathi eziphakeme (ngokufunwa okukhulu) ikhiqiza amandla kagesi ngokusebenzisa impophoma kusuka cishe kumamitha angamakhulu amane okungalingani. Emahoreni asesigodini (ukusetshenziswa okuncane) imishini efanayo yokupompa amanzi iphampa amanzi asuka echibini elingezansi iye phezulu, igcina amandla angahle abe khona ngezikhathi zokufunwa okuphezulu.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.