Sithi amandla avuselelwa uma evela emthonjeni wemvelo futhi angapheli ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlanzekile, ayingcolisi futhi izinsiza zayo zihlukahlukene kakhulu. Kunamandla ahlukahlukene avuselelekayo emhlabeni wethu futhi, njengoba ubuchwepheshe buqhubeka, kutholakala izindlela eziningi zokusebenzisa amandla eplanethi yethu ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izinto zokubasa bese uqhubeka nemiphumela ye- ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu
Kulokhu okuthunyelwe sizokukhombisa konke izinhlobo zamandla avuselelekayo akhona ukuze ubone futhi uhlaziye amandla esinawo okukhiqiza amandla aluhlaza ngaphandle kokulimaza iplanethi yethu nokukhuthaza ukuqashwa okuhle. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo zamandla avuselelekayo? Qhubeka ufunde.
Ama-biofuels
Ukuqala ngezokuthutha, kufanele sisho ukuthi umkhakha womphakathi odla inani elikhulu likaphethiloli, ngakho-ke, ungcolisa umoya. Ukugwema ukungcoliswa ngokweqile, ukunyuka kwamanani kawoyela nokuwohloka kukawoyela, ama-biofuels athuthukiswa.
Lawa ngamafutha anguketshezi noma amagesi akhiqizwa ezintweni eziphilayo zezitshalo noma zezilwane. Kungumthombo wamandla avuselelekayo ongapheli futhi ongahlangabezana nesidingo kwezokuthutha. Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwala mafutha aluhlaza, ukuthembela kwethu kumafutha kungancipha futhi nomonakalo wezemvelo owukhiqizayo ungancipha.
Phakathi kwama-biofuels abaluleke kakhulu esiwatholayo i-biodiesel ne-bioethanol. Eyokuqala itholakala kumafutha emifino amasha kanti eyesibili ivela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe ezinoshukela noma isitashi njengomoba.
Amandla we-biomass
Olunye uhlobo lwamandla avuselelekayo ngu i-biomass. Kuyinto yendalo ephilayo esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla. Iqoqa iqoqo lezinto eziphilayo ezibonakala nge-heterogeneity nemvelaphi ehlukile. I-Biomass ingabhekwa njenge into ephilayo ekhiqizwa kuzinqubo zebhayoloji futhi lokho kungasetshenziswa njengomthombo wamandla.
Isibonelo, sithola izinsalela zezolimo nezamahlathi, indle, indle yendle kanye nengxenyana yemvelo yemfucumfucu yasedolobheni. Kunezinqubo ezahlukahlukene ongazisebenzisa ngamandla we-biomass energy. Ukushisa nogesi kungabanjelwa futhi kukhiqizwe ngu ukushisa, ukugaya kwe-anaerobic, i-gasification ne-pyrolysis.
Amandla omoya
Ngokuyinhloko lolu hlobo lwamandla lususelwa ekuqoqeni i- Amandla we-Kinetic Inesisindo somoya futhi ikhiqiza ugesi ngayo. Kube amandla asetshenziswa kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ngumuntu ukufaka amandla imikhumbi ngoseyili, izigayo zokugaya okusanhlamvu noma ukupompa amanzi.
Namuhla ziyasetshenziswa imishini yomoya ukuze khiqiza ugesi ovela emoyeni. Ngokuya ngamandla owashaya ngawo ungathola inani elingaphezulu noma elingaphansi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zamandla omoya, olwandle nolwasemhlabeni.
Amandla we-geothermal
Imayelana namandla atholakala egcinwe njengokushisa ngaphansi kobuso bomhlaba. Futhi ukuthi iplanethi yethu igcwele amandla esingawasebenzisa ukukhiqiza ugesi. Kungumkhiqizo osebenza amahora angama-24 ngosuku, ngakho-ke awupheli futhi awungcolisi nakancane.
Amandla we-geothermal Inezinhlobo ezimbili: i-enthalpy ephezulu nephansi.
Amandla olwandle
Lolu hlobo lwamandla alunayo indlela eyodwa yokuzikhipha. Kwenzeka njengamandla elanga. Iqoqo lobuchwepheshe obukwazi ukusebenzisa amandla olwandle. Kuya ngesimo sezulu ngaso sonke isikhathi, amandla olwandle anganqandeka, kepha futhi muhle kakhulu ukusebenzisa amandla.
Amagagasi, amagagasi, imisinga nokwehluka kwamazinga okushisa phakathi kobuso bolwandle zingasetshenziswa njengomthombo wamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunenzuzo yokuthi ayivezi imithelela yezemvelo noma yokubuka okufanele siyicabangele. Yize kungewona amandla ahlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu ekuxubeni kwamandla emazweni, kusebenza njengokuqinisa okuhle nokubonakalayo.
Amandla amancane omoya
Ukusebenza kuyefana namandla omoya, ngaphandle kokuthi kuhloselwe ukubopha umoya ngawo imishini yomoya enamandla angaphansi kuka-100 kW. Indawo yokushanela yamacembe ayikwazi ukudlula amamitha-skwele angama-200.
Lolu hlobo lokuvuselelwa lunezinzuzo ezithile njengokuhambisa ugesi ezindaweni ezikude kakhulu ezikude negridi kagesi. Ngale ndlela singathuthukisa ukuzisebenzisela wena kanye nokugwema ukulahleka ekuthuthweni nasekusatshalalisweni kwamandla ezimbiwa phansi.
Amandla we-Hydraulic
Amandla we-Hydraulic Kuyinto eyodwa esebenzisa amandla we-kinetic umzimba wamanzi onawo. Ngenxa yezimpophoma ezibangelwe ukwehluka ezingeni, amandla wamanzi angasusa ugesi ophehla ugesi. Kufanele kushiwo ukuthi lolu hlobo lwamandla avuselelekayo lwalukhona umthombo oyinhloko womkhiqizo omkhulu kagesi kuze kube maphakathi nekhulu lama-XNUMX.
Basebenza ngenxa ye- ugesi wokubacindezela futhi yaziwa njengamandla angabonakalisi imvelo kakhulu kunawo wonke.
Amandla elanga
Imayelana nokusizakala ngemisebe yelanga ukukhiqiza ugesi. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zamandla elanga.
I-Photovoltaic Solar Energy
Kungukuguqulwa okuqondile kwesigameko imisebe yelanga ibe ugesi ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwamapaneli elanga. Ngenxa yamaseli we-photovoltaic, imisebe yelanga ewela kuwo ingajabulisa ama-electron futhi yenze umehluko ongaba khona. Uma uxhuma amapaneli welanga ngaphezulu, kukhulu umehluko kulokho okungenzeka kube khona.
Amandla elanga ashisayo
Kuyinto enhlobonhlobo yamandla elanga abhekele ukuletha izidingo ezishisayo ezakhiweni, embonini nasemkhakheni wezolimo. Kuyindlela efanelekile yokusebenzisa amandla elanga.
Thermoelectric amandla elanga
Lolu hlobo lwamandla lusebenzisa amalensi noma izibuko ezikwazi ukugxilisa imisebe yelanga endaweni encane. Yile ndlela abakwazi ngayo ukuthola amazinga okushisa aphezulu futhi, ngakho-ke, baguqula ukushisa kube ugesi ngoketshezi.
Lezi yizo zonke izinhlobo zamandla avuselelekayo akhona. Ngiyethemba ungabazi kangcono.