Njengoba kubike iziphathimandla ezinekhono, i-Gorona del Viento (Hierro) Hydroelectric Power Plant ngenyanga edlule yayiyinhle kakhulu, lapho sekudlule iminyaka emibili yaqala ukusebenza njengendawo esebenza ngogesi, ngemuva kwezikhathi zesivivinyo.
Ukuhlanganiswa kokuvuselelwa ohlelweni lukagesi lwesiqhingi kuye kwahamba kancane, kepha izimo lapho iGorona del Viento (Hierro) inikeza khona wonke ugesi noma okuningi kwako.
IGorona Yomoya (i-Iron)
Kuze kube manje, amahora angaphezu kwenkulungwane abalwe ku-100% ngokuvuselelwa kusukela ekuthumeni kwawo. ukusebenza
Ngokusho kukamongameli waseGorona del Viento (Hierro), uNkk. Bélen Allende: «Yiprojekthi ye-R & D futhi ayigcini nje ngokubandakanya izinto ezintsha ekuthuthukisweni kwayo, kodwa nasekusebenzeni kwayo; ukuhlangabezana nezinselelo esizibekele zona, njenge ifinyelela ngaphezu kuka-70% wesizukulwane sonyaka, isikhathi sisekhona, kepha sanelisekile ngokuqondiswa yi-Power Plant nokuthi isizukulwane esinokuvuselelwa kabusha esiqhingini siyanda »
Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-Allende ungeza ukuthi iSitshalo sinezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu kwezemvelo, kufanele kubhekwe ukuthi ngehora ngalinye lesizukulwane kuphela ngokuvuselelwa, yeka ukudla u-1,5 wamathani kawoyela futhi amathani angaphezu kwe-3 we-CO2 awasakhishwa emkhathini.
Ekugcineni, umongameli uphawula ukuthi: «Mayelana nomnotho, kusho ukonga okubaluleke kakhulu kukaphethiloli, ngaphezu kwezinye izinzuzo bathatha ipaki bayise e-El Hierro, ngqo noma ngokungaqondile nemiphumela emihle emikhakheni efana nezokuvakasha kanye nokwakhiwa kwamathuba emisebenzi ”.
Eqinisweni, sesivele sibike kuwebhusayithi ushintsho olwenzeka eziQhingini zaseCanary, kanye noshintsho lwalo kwimodeli
Kusuka kuwoyela kuye ekuvuseleleni
Ukusebenza kahle komkhakha kagesi kungenye yezindawo ezinkulu zempi ze- izinkampani, izikhungo zomphakathi kanye nezakhamizi. Ezimweni eziningi, isixazululo akukhona ukuba nezinsizakusebenza ezingaphezulu noma ezimbalwa, kepha ukuphatha ku kusebenza kahle kakhulu lokho osekuvele kutholakala.
Futhi izizathu zimbili: eyokuqala, ezomnotho, ukuze ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla kungagcini kudala izindleko ezengeziwe zezezimali nokuthi ekugcineni kufanele sizikhokhele njengenjwayelo. Endaweni yesibili, ezemvelo, ukunciphisa umthelela emvelweni.
Ngenxa yakho konke lokhu, ukuphathwa komphakathi kuzibophezele ekuthuthukiseni imodeli yamandla okonga nokusimama. Kepha ukusukela eqinisweni kunendlela ende okufanele yenziwe, futhi inhloso ayifezeki ngaso sonke isikhathi.
Izinkinga ezintathu zeCanary Islands energy model (kanye nezixazululo zazo)
Esinye sezibonelo ezinhle kakhulu zenguquko enhle Iziqhingi zaseCanary, iqoqo leziqhingi okuthi, ngenxa yobuhle balo, ngokomlando lithwale imodeli yamandla edalele hhayi kuphela ukugxekwa ukuncika kulo lonke elaseSpain, kepha futhi nokuhlala unomphela kwezinye amandla angasebenzi futhi angasekeli.
Izinkinga zesimodeli samandla eCanary Islands zingafingqwa ngezici ezintathu: the ukuhlukaniswa kwendawo ngokwendawo, lo ukuncika ngokweqile kumafutha nezindleko ezengeziwe zohlelo lukagesi.
Ngenhlanhla, izinto ziyashintsha kancane kancane. Kusukela ngo-2011, iCanary Islands ibilokhu iqhubekela kumodeli yamandla ukuyiguqula ibe yi imodeli esimeme, ezongayo futhi ezimele ngempela.
1) Kusuka ekuhlukanisweni kwendawo ... kuya ekuxhumaneni
Iqiniso ukuthi inkinga enkulu ebhekene neCanary Islands akuyona into yokuzithandela noma efanelekile, kepha ingeye-idiosyncrasy yayo. Akuyona enye ngaphandle kokuhlukaniswa kwayo ngokwendawo, ngoba kunjalo ngaphezu kwamakhilomitha angama-2.000 XNUMX ukusuka ePeninsula, ibanga elingenakunqotshwa ngezindlela eziningi.
Futhi ukuthi, njengoba nje imiphakathi eminingi ezimele ingasebenzisa ithuba lenyunyana yendawo ezingeni likazwelonke ukuze yabelana ngengqalasizinda nokuxhumana, eziqhingini cishe iyisizinda esincike kuso uqobo. Eqinisweni, uhlelo lukagesi lwaseCanarian lukhona ama-subsystems ayisithupha, ezihlukaniswe ngogesi futhi ezinosayizi omncane ngokuqhathaniswa naleyo enenhlonipho.
Iziqhingi zaseCanary ziphoqelekile ukuthi zibe nezinhlelo eziyisithupha zikagesi ezingalingani kuxhunyiwe.
Umphumela walokhu kushoda kokuxhumeka yi kulimaza kakhuluIsiqhingi ngasinye sezindawo eziqhamuka kulesi siqhingi sidinga ukwenza kabusha kohlelo lwaso olungaphansi kwenethiwekhi elingana nelikazwelonke ngokuya ngengqalasizinda nokukhiqizwa kwamandla, nokuphindaphindwa kwemizamo nezinhlaka ezibandakanya lokhu.
Isixazululo sale nkinga ukwakhiwa okusha imodeli yamandla iRed Eléctrica de España enikela ngokuzibophezela kwayo ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana phakathi kweziqhingi nocingo lwegridi, ezosiza ukuhlanganiswa okukhulu kwamandla avuselelekayo. Okokuqala, futhi kusukela ngo-2011, inkampani iqhuba i- Iphrojekthi Yokuthuthukiswa Kwamafa Enethiwekhi (MAR Project) ye nokwandisa nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kokutholakala kukagesi eziqhingini, into engazange yenzeke ngaphambili.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi ngaphakathi kwezinhlelo ebezibonwe phakathi kuka-2015 no-2020, IRed Eléctrica izophinde itshale imali eyizigidi ezingama-991 zama-euro "ukuthuthukisa inethiwekhi yokudlulisa ugesi, ukukhulisa ukuxhumana kagesi phakathi kweziqhingi nokunikeza ukusebenza kahle okukhulu nokuncintisana ezimakethe zikagesi."
2) Kusuka ku-oyela ... kuya kumandla avuselelekayo
Ngenye yezinkinga ezinkulu zalesi siqhingi. Ngokusho kweRed Eléctrica, «amandla kagesi eCanary Islands akhiqizwa nge Amaphesenti angama-92 wemikhiqizo yephethiloli futhi ama-8% kuphela avela emithonjeni evuselelekayo, ehumushela ohlelweni lukagesi oluthembele kakhulu ngaphandle, kubize futhi kungcolise ”.
Ngokunikezwa kwesidingo somlando nezenhlalo sokuthi iCanary Islands igijimele ukushintsha imodeli yayo yamandla, iRed Eléctrica izama ukufaka isandla ekuguqulweni kwayo maqondana "nokusebenza kahle nokusimama" (nakanjani uzokhokhelwa kungekudala noma kamuva).
Phakathi kwezinye izinhlelo, inkampani yenze eLanzarote iphrojekthi ye-R & D & I engakaze ibonwe eSpain: ngokuya ngohlelo olusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be isonto okusiza ukuzinzisa imvamisa namandla kagesi kagesi weFuerteventura-Lanzarote futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ukuhlanganisa amandla avuselelekayo.
Kule nhloso, sithola enye yezinhlelo ezinkulu zeRed Eléctrica eCanary Islands: ukuthuthukiswa kwe ISoria-Chira isizinda samandla kagesi wokubuyisa esetshenziswayo, ezosetshenziswa njengethuluzi lokugcina amandla ngumqhubi wesistimu kagesi.
Ngokutshalwa kwemali okuhleliwe kwama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-320, «iphrojekthi izolungisa isitshalo ekuqaleni esakhelwe ukukhiqiza indima yaso entsha njengethuluzi lomqhubi wohlelo elizoqinisekisa ukunikezwa kwamandla, lenze ngcono ukuphepha kohlelo futhi nokwandisa ukuhlanganiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo eGran Canaria ”.
3) Kusuka kwinkululeko yezomnotho ... kuya ekuzimeleni kwezezimali
Kokubili ukungabikho kokuxhumana phakathi kweziqhingi nokuncika kukawoyela kunomphumela omubi: ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi akunakuphepheka kwezomnotho.
Futhi, njengoba kwamukelwa ngocwaningo oluxhaswe nguHulumeni uqobo, ukukhiqiza amandla eCanary Islands kuphakathi kokuphindwe kathathu noma kane kubiza kakhulu kunokukwenza kulo lonke elaseSpain. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokusho kwe- Inethiwekhi kagesi, ukuncika ezintweni ezimbiwa phansi 'kuyakhiqiza izindleko ezengeziwe ezingaba ngu-1.200 million euros ngonyaka yohlelo lonke lukagesi ”. Ngalesi sizathu, uMkhandlu Kazwelonke ugcine uxhasa lezi zindleko ezingeziwe ngentela.
Zonke lezi zinhlelo zihlose ukuthi iCanary Islands ihambe uthatha imodeli yakho, ephethwe nguwe uqobo, egcina imvelo nokuthi, kunjalo, incike kuncane ku uxhaso oluvela kuhulumeni omkhulu.