Umphumela we-greenhouse uyisici esingokwemvelo somkhathi weplanethi yethu ngakho-ke uyingxenye yomsebenzi wemvelo wokuba khona kokuphila. Kodwa-ke, lapho lo mphumela ushuba futhi uba mkhulu kunomphumela wemvelo, umphumela wemvelo obamba ukushisa uyayeka ukuba khona futhi uba mubi, ikakhulukazi okubangelwa ukwanda komsebenzi womuntu. Phakathi kwe izimbangela zomphumela we-greenhouse okungekuhle, okugqama kakhulu ukwanda kwesisi esingcolisa umoya ohlelweni lwethu lwamandla. Ngokuyisisekelo, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kwezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi nezinto eziphuma kuzo, igesi yemvelo namalahle kunomthelela ekukhishweni kwala magesi, okunezela enkingeni. Phakathi kwemiphumela yalesi simo sithola ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa nokuncipha kwezinhlobo zezilwane. Ngenhlanhla, kunezinto ezimbalwa esingayenza ukuze silungise le nkinga.
Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nezimbangela zomphumela we-greenhouse kanye nemiphumela yawo.
Uyini umphumela we-greenhouse
Umphumela wokushisa Kuyinqubo yemvelo eyenzeka emkhathini woMhlaba.. Inqubo iqala lapho amandla elanga efika emhlabeni, ehamba emkhathini, futhi eshisa izwe noma i-geosphere, kanye namanzi angaphezulu noma i-hydrosphere. Ukushisa okuphuma ebusweni beplanethi kuyakhuphuka, amagesi omkhathi yiwo aphethe ukugcina ingxenye yamandla esesimweni sokushisa, bese amanye abuyiselwa emkhathini ngokusebenzisa umkhathi. Ngale ndlela, ukuphila kungaba khona eMhlabeni njengoba siwazi ngoba amazinga okushisa afanelekile ayegcinwa ngaphansi kwezinye izimo.
Kodwa-ke, phakathi neminyaka, umthelela womsebenzi womuntu emhlabeni uye wathinta le nqubo, ukuguqula ibe yinto engalungile. Le nqubo yemvelo iyingozi emhlabeni ngakho-ke kuzo zonke izinto eziphilayo ezikuyo, ngenxa yokuthi ukungcola okuvela emisebenzini yabantu kuye kwanda kakhulu emakhulwini eminyaka amuva, ikakhulukazi emashumini eminyaka amuva nje, kuye kwenza okuningi kangangokuthi ngalesi sikhathi kwakheka umphumela omubi obamba ukushisa.
Ngakho-ke, thina bantu singcolisa imvelo ngokuyigcwalisa ngamagesi abamba ukushisa emisebenzini yethu yansuku zonke, njenge ukukhiqiza, ukushayela, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aerosol noma ezolimo ezijulile nezimboni. Akhuphukela emkhathini futhi agcinwe, okuvimbela ukushisa okuvela phezulu ekukhishweni ngendlela efanele futhi kugcinwe umkhathi, okuyilokho kanye okwenzeka ezindlini zokugcina izithombo, okusheshisa ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa leplanethi.
Izimbangela zomphumela we-greenhouse
Njengoba sesishilo, imbangela yomphumela omubi we-greenhouse ukwanda kwemisebenzi yabantu evela ekungcoleni, ezikhiqiza amagesi ahlala emkhathini futhi asize ekukhuphuleni izinga lokushisa. Ngokuvamile, izimbangela eziyinhloko zezinkinga ze-ozone yizi ezilandelayo:
- Imboni yezimboni.
- Ukulima okujulile.
- Sebenzisa isifutho.
- Ukungalulami kahle nokusetshenziswa kabusha kwezinto.
- Isebenzisa izinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi futhi ayivamisile ukusebenzisa amandla avuselelekayo.
- Ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kukagesi ongaveli emithonjeni evuselelekayo.
- Ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezimoto ezingcolisa umoya njengezimoto, amabhasi, izithuthuthu nezindiza ezisebenzisa izinto eziphuma kuphethiloli.
- Ukugawulwa kwamahlathi.
Zonke lezi zenzo zomuntu ziholela ekwandeni kwamagesi ayingozi afaka isandla kumphumela we-greenhouse.
Ayini ama-GHG
Amagesi abamba ukushisa ayinhloko anezindawo zokushisa ezishisayo yilezi ezilandelayo:
- Isitimu samanzi.
- I-Methane (CH4).
- I-Carbon dioxide (CO2).
- I-Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
- I-Ozone (O3).
- I-Nitrous oxide (N2O).
imiphumela nemiphumela
Umthelela wenkinga ongqimbeni lwe-ozone wagcina uholele ekuqwashiseni okukhulu emhlabeni wonke. Kunesidingo sokuqonda nokwenza abanye bazi, ikakhulukazi ngokufundiswa kwezingane, ngomthelela nokuqwashisa ngomphumela we-greenhouse, kanye ukungathí sina kwayo ekuphileni kwabantu nezinye izinhlobo zezitshalo nezilwane. Lena imiphumela yale nkinga yomkhathi:
- Izinga lokushisa leplanethi liye lenyuka kakhulu.
- Ithonya lemisebe yelanga liyakhula.
- Ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu.
- Imithelela yesimo sezulu kanye nokushintsha kwemvelo kuma-ecosystem.
- Isomiso siyashuba ezindaweni ezivame ukuna.
- Kuzoba nemvula eyengeziwe kanye neziphepho ezindaweni ezingavamile ukuba manzi kakhulu futhi zinezimvula.
- Ukuguguleka komhlabathi, ukulahlekelwa inzalo kwezolimo.
- Ukuncibilika kwezinguzunga zeqhwa nezinguzunga zeqhwa, njengeGalenland edumile iyancibilika.
- Ukukhuphuka kwamazinga amanzi olwandle, olwandle, emifuleni, emachibini, emachibini, njll.
- Izikhukhula zenzeka ezindaweni ezisogwini ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamazinga amanzi.
Izixazululo ezingenzeka
Ekugcineni, sizophawula ukuthi yiziphi izixazululo ezikhona ngokumelene nomphumela we-greenhouse, ngoba kudingekile ukwenza konke okusemandleni ukumisa ukwanda kwawo nokunciphisa izinga lamagesi ayingozi. Ngakho-ke, njengesilinganiso sokunciphisa umphumela we-greenhouse nokuvimbela ukwanda nokuqina kwawo, singalandela lawa macebiso:
- Yehlisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa njenge-CO2 ne-CH4.
- Sebenzisa imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo ukuze ushintshe izibaseli ezimbiwa phansi, okuphuma kuzo, igesi yemvelo namalahle.
- Sebenzisa izithuthi zomphakathi nezinye izinto zokuhamba ezingangcolisi, njengamabhayisikili noma ezinye izinto zokuhamba zemvelo.
- Ukuqwashisa ngemvelo phakathi kwezakhamuzi futhi, okubaluleke kakhulu, ukufaka lolu lwazi ezinganeni futhi uzifundise ukuthi yini ezingayenza ukuthuthukisa inkinga.
- Yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwenyama ngakho-ke yehlisa ukusetshenziswa kwemfuyo eningi kanye neyezimboni, khetha imfuyo eguquliwe kanye neminye imfuyo ehlonipha kakhulu imvelo.
- Ohulumeni bayabandakanyeka ekuthatheni izinyathelo zokunciphisa le nkinga futhi bavimbele ukwanda komphumela we-greenhouse kanye nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Isibonelo salezi zinyathelo yi-Kyoto Protocol.
- Qhubeka nokuphenya intuthuko engenzeka ehlobene nezindaba zemvelo.
- Sebenzisa kabusha futhi usebenze ngendlela efanele. Kulo mhlahlandlela wokugaywa kabusha sichaza indlela yokuvuselela imfucuza ekhaya.
- Ungamoshi amandla, njengogesi ekhaya lakho.
- Yidla imikhiqizo ephilayo.
- Umonakalo omkhulu ezinhlotsheni zezitshalo nezilwane ngenxa yokushintsha kwezimo zemvelo zomhlaba.
- Ukufuduka kwezilwane nabantu.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi mayelana nezimbangela zomphumela we-greenhouse kanye nezici zawo.