Ngalesi sikhathi iphenya ukuthi kanjani umoya wedamu, Ososayensi baseYurophu bahlose ukudala uhlobo lwebhethri olukwazi ukugcina amandla avuselelekayo, okungukuthi, isitoreji somoya esicindezelwe ukukhiqiza ugesi.
Iphrojekthi yocwaningo ibizwa ngokuthi ECEBILE 2020, ebikezelwe yi-European Union, lokho ekufunayo yilokho imigede ivaliwe futhi ayisebenzi kutholakala emhlabeni wonke izindawo ezifanele zokugcina umoya.
Inkinga enkulu amanye amandla avuselelekayo anayo, njengomoya neLanga, ukuthi amandla kufanele asetshenziswe lapho ekhiqizwa, ngakho-ke uma ngezikhathi ezithile ngeke isetshenziswe kufanele igcinwe.
Ngamandla elanga we-photovoltaic le nkinga "ixazululiwe" (ingahlala ithuthukiswa futhi ibe ningi) kepha kuthiwani ngomoya?
La mandla aya ngokuya ebaluleka ngokwengeziwe futhi sithole amandla amaningi ezimpilweni zethu, okusho ukuthi sizoba nakho isidingo esikhulayo sezindawo zokugcina amandla. Futhi nansi inkinga.
Ngemuva kwezifundo eziningana sekuphothulwe ukuthi indlela eshibhe kakhulu ukusebenzisa amadamu kagesi wamandla njengamabhethri.
Kusho ukuthini ukukhiqiza ugesi usebenzisa (lapho amandla ayindlala) amanzi agciniwe ukuze kamuva apompa amanzi lapho kunensalela yamandla avuselelekayo.
Ukubuyela emuva? Kungaba khona kuphela ezindaweni ezinezintaba ezifana neNorway noma amanye amazwe kepha kuthiwani ngamazwe angakwazi ukusebenzisa amanzi?
ECEBILE 2020
Le yimpendulo yephrojekthi ye-RICAS 2020 (eyamukelwa kwezinye izindawo) futhi imayelana nokuthi sebenzisa amandla asele ukucindezela umoya, futhi lokhu ligcine emhumeni ongaphansi komhlaba.
Lapho kudingeka ukuthola amandla, umoya ukhishwa nge-turbine yegesi ezokhiqiza ugesi.
Ukusebenza
Imithetho yemvelo noma i-physics, noma yini ofuna ukuyibiza ngayo, yenza lolu hlelo lokugcina umoya lusebenze.
Ukukunika umbono Kungumsebenzi ofanayo nepompo yebhayisikili.
Inqubo yokuqonda yenza umoya uyashisa. Amaphampu wamabhayisikili acindezela umoya ukuze andise ingcindezi yamathayi futhi ngokwenza njalo, kubangela nokuthi iphampu lishise.
Umqondisi wephrojekthi kaGiovanni Perillo weqhaza le-SINTEF ku-RICAS 2020 nozakwethu wephrojekthi yaseNorway uthi: “Ukushisa okukhulu kokucindezelwa umoya okugcinile lapho kukhishwa, umsebenzi owengeziwe ongawenza njengoba udlula kugesi ophephela. Futhi sicabanga ukuthi sizokwazi ukonga okuningi kwaloko kushisa kunalokho ubuchwepheshe besimanje bokugcina, futhi ngaleyo ndlela sandise ukusebenza kahle kwezindawo zokugcina izinto. "
Ezinye izinkinga
I-United States ne-Germany zihlala ekhaya lezitolo ezinkulu zomoya ezicindezelwe. Angamagumbi angaphansi komhlaba akhiwe ngokwakhiwa kasawoti.
Bangakwazi gcina umoya omningi kepha unenkinga yokulahlekelwa ingxenye enkulu yamandla angaba khona zomoya ocindezelweyo ngoba azifaki uhlelo oluhle lokugcina ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sesigaba sokucindezelwa komoya.
Isixazululo se-RICAS 2020
Isixazululo esinabacwaningi beRICAS 2020 kwemihume yokugcina yangasese engaphansi komhlaba futhi ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise lokhu kulahleka ukuthi indlela umoya oshisayo ocindezelekile okufanele uhambe ngayo umhume ohlukile ogcwele idwala elichotshoziwe.
Kamuva umoya osuvele ushisayo, izoshisa idwala elizogcina ingxenye enkulu yokushisa okwenziwe.
Ngale ndlela, umoya obandayo ugcinwa emgedeni omkhulu futhi lapho kubuyiselwa emuva edwaleni elichobozekile elizosetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ugesi, ukuhamba kwe umoya uvuselelwa ngamatshe.
Ngakho-ke, ukuvala umoya oshisayo, ubese unwetshwa ngomshini ophethe ukukhiqiza ugesi.
Iziphumo
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi lokhu okusha kungenzeka phakamisa ukusebenza kahle kohlelo cishe ngama-70-80% njengoba kuchaziwe ngumphathi wephrojekthi we-SINTEF.
Yize ezindaweni eziningi zokugcina ezikhona izibalo azingcono kune-45-55%.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi amandla akhiqizwayo ngale nqubo yingxenye kuphela okuqale kwasetshenziswa kuyo ukucindezela umoya.
UPerillo (umphathi wephrojekthi) uthi: “Le phrojekthi isuselwa enkolelweni yokuthi isisombululo sethu sizonikeza isitoreji samandla esingcono kunaleso esinikezwa amabhethri, sibonga impilo yaso yokusebenza isikhathi eside nezindleko zemali ephansi nge-kWh ngayinye yamandla agciniwe. Siyethemba futhi ukuthi ingasetshenziswa cishe kungakhathalekile uhlobo lokwakheka kokuma komhlaba okutholakalayo. "
Ngocwaningo olufanele kanye nemibono emisha ezovela, ngabe lokhu kungenzeka?
Kepha kungani ungaguquli uhlelo lokusetshenziswa kwasekhaya, ngesilinganiso esincane?
Kushibhile ukugcina insalela yokufakwa okuthile kwe-photovoltaic nomoya ocindezelwe kunokukwenza ngamabhethri. Futhi kunganela nge-compressor-generator kanye ne-200 bar tank tube.