Kuzwakala sengathi kuyindaba eqanjiwe yesayensi, kepha yebo, iphrojekthi yesiQhingi saseDogger iyiqiniso: Isiqhingi esenziwe ngokuqamba e INorth Sea, kepha yenzelwa ini?
Isiqhingi saseDogger unomgomo ocacile: unganikeza amandla avuselelekayo kubantu abayizigidi ezingama-80 ku Europa e 2050.
Europa uhlela ukwakha isiqhingi sokuzenzela (IsiQhingi saseDogger), esinetheku nesikhumulo sezindiza, esenzelwe ukusebenza njengendawo yamapulazi amakhulu omoya aphesheya kwezilwandle azonikeza abantu abayizigidi ezingama-80 amandla avuselelekayo.
Isiqhingi esingamakhilomitha-skwele angu-6,5 sizoqoqa amandla ezinkulungwaneni ze- imishini yomoya emisha abafuna ukufaka i-offshore.
Alemania isebenza ne I-Netherlands y Denmark ukuhlela nokwakha isiqhingi esisha esizonikeza amandla emazweni asenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye Europa.
Isiqhingi sizoxhunyaniswa ne- United Kingdom, ENorway, the I-Netherlands, Alemania, Denmark y IBelgium, futhi uzokwakha esiQhingini saseDogger eNorth Sea.
Lesi siqhingi kulindeleke ukuthi sibe nezitshalo zelanga ezizokhiqiza amandla amakhulu. Izophinda ibe nomugqa wokuthekelisa nokwehla kwe lula ukufinyelela.
Imibiko ikhombisa ukuthi lo msebenzi uzoba nzimaIsibonelo, ukwakhiwa kwezisekelo zesiqhingi sokuzenzela kuzobiza cishe ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1,35, ngokusho kokulinganisa kokuqala.
Iphrojekthi ebonakala ngathi iyahlanya kepha, uma yenziwe, inga shibha amandla omoya akhiqizwa kude nolwandle.
INorth Sea inesivinini somoya esiphakeme futhi esizinzile kunaleso esitholwe yibo amapulazi omoya asogwini, futhi izitshalo zelanga zizonikeza amandla ngaphandle kokuhlala kunoma iyiphi indawo yomhlaba engasetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwezindlu noma ezolimo.
Le nkampani ithi umqondo walesi siqhingi uze ngenxa yezidingo ze-European Union zokulwa nalokhu ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Amandla avuselelekayo azoba ngukhiye ekufezeni lezi zinhloso nokuthi ilanga nomoya kuzodingeka ukuhlinzeka ngamazinga aqhubekayo wamandla ngesizini ngayinye. Izinyanga zasehlobo zizoletha ilanga eliningi, ngenkathi izinyanga ezibandayo ziletha umoya omningi.
Ngokusho kukaGlar Nilsen, umqondisi wenkampani yezamandla yaseDenmark i-Ererginet: “Thina esinalo umthwalo wokuthutha ugesi owenziwe ophephela bomoya basolwandle babuyele emhlabeni (e-Dogger Island) futhi abathengi kufanele bahlale bephusha futhi baqiniseke ukuthi intengo iyaqhubeka yehla. '
Ipulazi lomoya elingasolwandle elikhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni
Ipulazi lomoya elikhulu kunawo wonke elisogwini lolwandle lusogwini lwaseKent (eNgilandi). Yize iyipaki enkulu kunazo zonke, abagqugquzeli bayo bahlela ukukhulisa amandla ayo kuze kufike ku-870 MW esigabeni sesibili kulindwe ukuvunywa.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emine yokwakhiwa nokutshalwa kwezimali okungaphezulu kwe- Izigidi ezingu-2.200 ama-euro, ipaki yakhiwe Ama-injini omoya angu-175 amaVestas SWT, Lokhu kunabela olwandle okuhlala endaweni engamakhilomitha-skwele ayi-100 ebangeni lamakhilomitha angama-20 ukusuka ogwini lwaseKent, eningizimu-mpumalanga yeNgilandi.
Isilinganiso se- 450 amakhilomitha izintambo zasemanzini kanye iziteshi ezimbili ezingasolwandle, okwenza amandla abe maphakathi namandla akhiqizwa imishini yomoya ngaphambi kokuyihambisa iye emhlabathini ngaphakathi.
Ukuhlanganisa imishini yomoya
Ngokufakwa kweturbine yomoya ngayinye osebeni lolwandle, kuye kwadingeka ukuthi kwakhiwe imeshi ejwayelekile yezinqwaba ezivumelaniswe nezici ezithile zolwandle, ngokujula okuhluka phakathi kwamamitha ama-5 kuye kwangama-25 kuye ngecala. Lezi zisekeli zivumela ukuthi imishini yenjini ngayinye iphakanyiswe IVestas SWT-3.6MW-120 ngenhla kogu lolwandle, ngakolunye uhlangothi, zisebenza njengesisekelo sokudlulisa isisindo saso sifike ku- Amathani we-225 emhlabathini.
Imishini yomoya ngayinye engu-175 inokuphakama kwe- Amamitha angu-147, Amamitha angu-90 ubukhulu be-Rotor nobude be-blade Amamitha angu-58,5. Ukuthuthwa kwamandla akhiqizwe ngamunye wabo, kukhona 210 km yekhebula lomkhumbi wamanzi elixhuma u-turbine ngamunye neziteshi ezimbili ezingasolwandle, bese zona zixhuma nokufakwa esikhundleni Cleve hill emhlabathini owomile ngokusebenzisa Izintambo ezi-4 ezingama-150 kV efinyelela kufayela le- 220 km yobude.
Ngokwezibalo zabagqugquzeli, ngo-2012 ipulazi lomoya elingasolwandle elalikhona kuze kube yimanje lahlinzeka cishe nge 1,5% kagesi, kodwa nge-London Array lesi sibalo kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke ngaphezu kwe- 5% ngaleyo ndlela ugwema ukuphuma kwe- Amathani we-925.000 i-CO2 yonyaka.
Ukwamukelwa kwamandla omoya njengenye yezinto ezingcolisa kakhulu nokuphepha endaweni yamandla yaseYurophu sekuqala ukudlala indima efanele ekukhiqizweni kwamandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni wonke. Endabeni yomoya wasogwini, amandla akhiqizwa ama-turbine anomthelela omncane ku imvelo, Akudingi ukulahlwa noma ukususwa komhlaba, futhi ukutholakala ngasogwini lolwandle, kunomthelela nolaka oluncane ezilwaneni nohlaza uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya ovamile.
Ukunwetshwa kwesikhathi esizayo
ILondon Array isidlulile obekulindelwe yipulazi lomoya IGesGuMbikude, ingqalasizinda esendaweni efanayo kuze kube manje ibambe isihloko sendawo enkulu kunazo zonke ipulazi lomoya elwandle emhlabeni onamandla afakiwe we I-500 MW. Kepha akupheleli lapho.
Ngombono wokuqhubeka nokuhola umjaho obabazekayo emoyeni wasogwini owenziwe yi-United Kingdom, abagqugquzeli beLondon Array manje bahlose ukukhulisa amandla ayo kusuka ku-630 MW wamanje kuye ku 870. Lesi sigaba sesibili sisalinde ukuvunywa yiziphathimandla ezinamakhono ahlukahlukene, kepha sizohlanganisa leli pulazi lomoya njengelikhulu kunawo wonke ake akhiwa. Kulesi 2017 sizoba nempendulo?