I- "Empty Forest Syndrome" yilokho okubizwa ngamahlathi abizwa ngokuthi abantu bawo aphansi ngokungajwayelekile, azikho izihlahla ezisencane, azikho izibonelo zezinye izinhlobo zempilo yezilwane nezitshalo. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba wuhlobo lokuqothulwa kodwa kuthule kakhulu.
Ngabe ufuna ukwazi kabanzi "ngamahlathi angenalutho"?
Isifo sehlathi esingenalutho
Leli gama linikezwe ososayensi bezinto eziphilayo kulezo zindawo zemithi ezinezihlahla ezimbalwa ezincane noma abantu abambalwa. Lokhu kuyakhomba ukuphela kwezinhlobo kuleyo ndawo. Kulezi zindawo, umjikelezo wemvelo uhlobo lohlobo oluvuseleleka ngawo ume futhi wawa ngenxa yokungalingani kwemvelo kanye nokulahleka kokuhlangana okwenza ukuthi izinhlobo eziphilayo ziphile futhi zikhule.
Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo kuyadingeka ezinhlelweni zemvelo ukushintshanisa ukugeleza okungapheli kwendaba namandla. Ngenxa yalokhu kuxhumana, imvelo ikhula izungeze ukulingana okuzinzile. Lapho amandla angaphandle angaphandle kohlelo uqobo ethonya, ibhalansi eseyakhiwe phakathi kokusebenzisana kwezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo ezakhiwayo iyaphuka futhi nendlela esebenza ngayo imvelo iyanyamalala.
Lokhu kuhlangana kuvame ukuzuzisana phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo futhi kwakheka okubizwa ngokuthi "ngamanethiwekhi wokusebenzisana" ngokwemvelo. Lapho lawa manethiwekhi ecekelwa phansi ukungabikho noma ukuncipha kwanoma yiziphi izingxenye zamanethiwekhi, adala lokho ukufa buthule kohlelo lwemvelo eyaziwa ngokuthi "isifo sehlathi esingenalutho."
Amahlathi alahlwayo
Lawa mahlathi lapho ibhalansi yawo yephuliwe nakanjani uzofa, ngoba badinga ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezinto eziphilayo. Amahlathi anezitshalo kodwa ezingekho izilwane agwetshwa ukwehla kancane kancane futhi anyamalale ngesikhathi esifushane. Izilwane zifeza imisebenzi yemvelo edingwa yizihlahla ukuze iphile futhi izalane.
Lokhu kuqinisekisiwe ngenxa yemibhalo ekhombisa ukuthi amahlathi angenazo izilwane alahlekelwe yizingxenye ezintathu kwezine zekhono lawo lokugcina ikhabhoni. Lokho wukuthi, izihlahla zisekhona, kepha azifezi imisebenzi yazo ye-ecosystem. Insizakalo ye-ecosystem leyo imvelo isinika yona ngeqiniso elilula lokuhlala ngokulinganisela nangokuvumelana. Isibonelo, umsebenzi wokutholwa kwe-CO2 wezihlahla uyinsizakalo ye-ecosystem.
Kuyo yonke iplanethi azikho izinhlobo ezingaphila zodwa ngaphandle kokuhlobana nezinye izinhlobo. Yize lezi zinhlobo zizodwa, zidinga ezinye izinhlobo zokudla noma zokukhosela. Kokubili ezinhlelweni naku isilwane-isisulu noma isilwanyane-ukusingathwa noma ukuvumelana, njll. Badinga ubudlelwano phakathi kwezidalwa ezahlukahlukene eziphilayo.
Yakhiwa kanjena ukwakhiwa kwezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo. Akukho lutho ngaphandle kwencazelo, konke kunesizathu sokuba khona. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubheka ubudlelwano obuphakathi kwezinto eziphilayo ukubalula ngokuqothulwa kwemvelo.
Kunemvelo ethile ekwazi ukuqhubeka kangcono ngandlela-thile noma ngabe izinhlobo ezithile zilahlekile. Kepha kuyiqiniso ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezikhona kubalulekile ekusebenzeni okufanayo nokuthi, ngaphandle kwazo, iwa ngokuphelele.
Izinyoni nendima yazo
Iningi lezinyoni liyizinambuzane futhi elinye iqembu liyadla, elondla izithelo ezinamanzi, izimbali, umpe, impova noma izilimo eziyizigaxa, futhi ezibhekele ukusabalalisa imbewu ngendle yayo noma ngokubuyisa. Lesi senzo sibenza babaluleke emvelweni ukuze izitshalo zisabalale ezindaweni.
Ngaphandle kwezinyoni, imvelo ingawa ngokuphelele, ngoba umthamo wayo wokuvuselelwa kwemvelo uzothinteka kakhulu. Noma yini engenelela ekulahlekelweni kokusebenza kwebhayoloji ibeka ibhalansi engcupheni. Isibonelo, izimpisi zikuSierra Morena, kepha azinomsebenzi wemvelo ku-ecosystem.
Izinhlobo ezingadli kahle ezidinga amabanga amakhulu zizothinteka uma ihlathi lihlukana phakathi. Uma inani lendawo noma ubuningi bezinyoni ezidlayo bancipha kakhulu, inqubo yokuhlakazeka kwesitshalo iyawa, izithelo ezivuthiwe ziyomiswa kuso noma zidliwe amagundane, izimila ezidla utshani zibulala isithombo futhi akukho inqubo yokuhlakaza imbewu esebenzayo.