Imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo nokubaluleka kwayo ngekusasa

Ziyanda ziyathuthukiswa emhlabeni imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukuphela kwesibaseli sekuseduze futhi ukungcoliswa okwenziwa ukushiswa kwegesi, uwoyela namalahle kuqhubekisela phambili imiphumela emibi yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu. Inzuzo yokuvuselelwa iyathuthuka nsuku zonke futhi ubuchwepheshe bokusebenza kahle kwamandla kwenza ukubheja kwamanye amandla kukhange ngokwengeziwe.

Ngabe uyafuna ukwazi imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo nokubaluleka anakho ngekusasa lamandla eplanethi?

Umhlaba udinga imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo

Amandla ahlanzekile aya ngokuya edingeka futhi awusizo ngokwengeziwe. Umhlaba kanye nomnotho osuselwa emandleni avuselelekayo kuyisihluthulelo sokuthola indawo ezimakethe zamandla nokuthola ukuncintisana. Ukutshala imali emandleni avuselelekayo, yize ekuqaleni kubiza, kungasisiza ukuba sinqobe ekulweni nokuguquka kwesimo sezulu eminyakeni edlule.

Masikhumbule lokho okuvuselelekayo azikhiphi amagesi abamba ukushisa, noma okungenani okuncane kakhulu, uma kuqhathaniswa nophethiloli wezinsalela onjengeoyili namalahle.

Kunamadolobha amaningi aseYurophu asethathe izinyathelo ezinkulu emhlabeni ezivuselelekayo nokuthi, ngenxa yabo, bakwazile ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa.

Yize umthetho wase-Europe ungahle ungafuneki kangako, kunamadolobha amakhulu naphakathi nendawo okuyizinyathelo ezimbili ngaphambi komthetho. Ngamanye amagama, bakwazile ukuvela kwezobuchwepheshe mayelana namandla avuselelekayo kanye nokukhishwa okungaphezulu kakhulu kwalokho okudingwa ngumthetho.

Shintsha imodeli yamandla yaseYurophu

Ukushintsha amaphethini wamandla kuyinkimbinkimbi impela. Kuze kube manje, isebenze ngendlela "ethokomele" ngophethiloli wefosili. Noma kunjalo, iplanethi yethu ifuna ukuthi kuhole imodeli entsha yamandla ngokususelwa emandleni angakhiphi amagesi abamba ukushisa ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka kokushisa komhlaba.

Indima yamadolobha nezinkampani ezinkulu ezizinikele ekuhlanzeni ugesi ibalulekile ukukhuthaza ushintsho oluya kumodeli entsha yamandla ka-decarbonised.

Yize isidingo seplanethi sokushintsha kwamandla siphuthuma, kubonakala sengathi uHulumeni uvala izindlebe. I-PP ayibhejeli ngamandla avuselelekayo, kodwa kunalokho kuzoqhubeka nomhlaba wezibaseli.

Amadolobha anjengeBarcelona, ​​iPamplona noma iCórdoba asemkhankasweni wokwakha izinkampani ezidayisa amandla kamasipala, yize kunophahla olungakhuthazi ukuzisebenzisela nokwenza umsebenzi wokukhuphula izinga ezingeni lendawo.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemithombo yamandla evuselelekayo

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kunemithombo eminingi yamandla avuselelekayo. Kuze kube manje, amandla elanga nomoya asebenza kakhulu, ngokuvamile.

Amandla we-geothermal ancike ngokuphelele endaweni lapho ipuleti le-tectonic litholakala khona. Ukusetshenziswa kwayo okuyinhloko kwe- ukushisa kwamanzi ezakhiweni zokuhlala nasezibhedlela.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sithola amandla wokubacindezela. Amandla we-Hydraulic aqhutshwa izimpophoma zamachibi. ESpain, ngenxa yesomiso, inani lamandla wokubacindezela akhiqiziwe abe mancane. Njengoba kunemvula yokugcina kusukela ngoFebhuwari odlule, amadamu abuyisa amazinga awo wamanzi namandla kagesi abuye ande futhi.

Ngokuphathelene namandla okushisa elanga, kwenzeka into efanayo ngamandla e-geothermal. ESpain izitshalo ze-thermosolar zikhawulelwe kakhulu ngenxa yokusikeka kukaHulumeni we-PP.

Ukutshalwa kwemali kumandla avuselelekayo

Abantu abaningi bayabheka ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi batshale imali ekuthuthukiseni amandla avuselelekayo. Ezimweni eziningi, lesi sinqumo asikwazi ukwenzeka ngokuphelele ngaphandle kohlobo oluthile lwezezimali, ngoba sinezindleko eziphezulu zokuqala zomnotho.

Noma ngabe ufuna ukubeka amapaneli ambalwa elanga ukonga kumthethosivivinywa kagesi, Ukutshala imali kumandla avuselelekayo akushibhile. Imvamisa, imali etshaliwe iyazikhokhela esikhathini esizayo. Okuwukuphela kwesici esihle samandla avuselelekayo ukuthi kulo nyaka intengo yamaphaneli we-photovoltaic yehlisiwe, ngoba eminyakeni embalwa edlule bekungenakwenzeka ukufinyelela kuwo.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kuholele ekwakhiweni kwamaphaneli we-photovoltaic asebenza kahle ekutholeni amandla, yingakho izinzuzo eziningi zenziwa futhi nezikhathi zokukhishwa kwemali zokutshalwa kwemali zifinyeziwe.

Ukutshalwa kwemali kumandla avuselelekayo kuya ngokuya kubongwa kakhulu ngezinqubomgomo zamandla ezisetshenziswa nguHulumeni. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zezimali zamandla avuselelekayo. Lokhu kuncike ekutheni ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwenzelwa umuntu noma utshalomali lwebhizinisi. Kusobala ukuthi inani lamapaneli elanga elidingwa yikhaya ukuzisebenzisela lona alifani nenkampani yokubeka ipaki elanga.

Ezezimali zokutshalwa kwemali okuvuselelekayo

Uma sicela imali mboleko yotshalo-mali lokuqala kuzofanele sinake ukuthi, uma kuziwa ekuyibuyiseni, izoba nenzalo namakhomishini. Ukugwema lokhu, singakwazi thola imali mboleko yomuntu siqu ngezinkampani zezezimali phakathi kwabantu. Lezi zinhlangano zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nasemabhange kodwa hhayi.

Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule kwakukhona ukuqhuma kokuvuselelwa kabusha eSpain ngenxa yoxhaso olwalunikezwa nguHulumeni odlule. Kodwa-ke, ngokufika kwe-PP lonke lolu sizo lwanyamalala. Yini eyenze leli qembu lagxeka abaphathi abakhona enkantolo ngokungalandeli imigomo yemixhaso nemixhaso okuvunyelwene ngayo.

Ukutshala imali kumandla avuselelekayo kungabiza ekuqaleni, kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uzoba nesiqinisekiso sokunciphisa konke nokuthola inzuzo.

Izizathu zokusebenzisa imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo

Ekugcineni, sizokhuluma ngezizathu eziyinhloko zokuthi kungani kufanele ubheje ngamandla avuselelekayo:

1. Kuyindlela esebenzayo yokubambisana ekwehliseni i- ukungcola nokulwa ne- ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni.
2. Ivumela abantu noma abantu abakude noma abaqhelelene nezikhungo ezisemadolobheni ukuthi bakwazi ukufinyelela kuzinsizakalo ezinjenge Igesi, ugesi, amanzi, fuel, njll., ezingafiki ngendlela ejwayelekile.
3. Iningi lemikhiqizo linendlela ye- Intengo engabizi. Yiminye imikhiqizo enezindleko eziphakeme kepha inezinye izinzuzo ezifana nokuthi ihlala isikhathi eside futhi isebenza kahle, ayingcolisi, inezindleko zokunakekelwa okuncane, njll. Ngakho-ke izindleko zikhishwa kancane ngesikhathi esifushane.
4. Ukuthenga imikhiqizo eluhlaza kusekela le makethe ekhulayo futhi kuthanda ukwenziwa kwe imisebenzi emisha emkhakheni wamandla avuselelekayo.
5. Ubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza buvumela ukonga imithombo yemvelo, khiqiza okuncane amagesi abamba ukushisa y imfucuza ngakho-ke imvelo iyanakekelwa. Kuyindlela yokukhiqiza nokuthuthukisa imisebenzi yabantu ngendlela engeyona ingozi kwiplanethi futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingaqhubeki nokujulisa izinkinga ezikhona zemvelo.
6. Ngokuvamile ubuchwepheshe bemvelo noma obuluhlaza zilula futhi kulula ukuzisebenzisela izidingo ezahlukahlukene zomsebenzisi.

Njengoba kungabonakala, imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo iya ngokuya iba miningi futhi isinyathelo sokushintshwa kwamandla sisondele futhi sisondele.