Konke odinga ukukwazi ngama-wind turbines

Imishini yomoya epulazini lomoya

Emhlabeni wamandla avuselelekayo, amandla elanga nawomoya ngokungangabazeki avelele. Esokuqala siqukethe izinto ezibizwa ngama-solar panels ezikwaziyo ukuthatha imisebe yelanga ziyiguqule ibe ngamandla kagesi. Owesibili usebenzisa lokho okubizwa ngama-wind turbines ukuguqula amandla omoya anawo abe ugesi.

Ama-turbine omoya amadivayisi ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu adinga isifundo sangaphambilini ukuthi sibe nenzuzo futhi sisebenze kahle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-turbines omoya namandla omoya. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi konke okuphathelene nama-wind turbines?

Izici zomoya ophephela

Izici zomoya ophephela

Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, i-turbine yomoya iyithuluzi elikwazi ukuguqula amandla e-kinetic omoya abe ngamandla kagesi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izindwani ezijikelezayo phakathi kwengu-13 nengu-20 izinguquko ngomzuzu. Izinguquko lapho izindwani zingazungeza zincike kakhulu ohlotsheni lobuchwepheshe obusetshenzisiwe ekwakhiweni kwazo namandla athwalwa umoya ngaleso sikhathi. Imvamisa, izindwani ezakhiwe ngezinto ezilula ziyakwazi ukujika izikhathi eziningi ngomzuzu.

Njengoba izindwani zithola isivinini esithe xaxa, inani elikhulu lamandla kagesi liyakwazi ukukhiqiza ngakho-ke ukusebenza kwayo kuphakeme. Ukuze i-turbine yomoya iqale, kudingeka amandla asizayo anikezwayo ukuqala ukunyakaza kwayo. Lapho-ke, uma usuqalile, ngumoya obhekele ukuhambisa izindwani.

Imishini yomoya ephefumulayo ine isigamu sempilo esingaphezu kweminyaka engama-25. Yize izindleko zayo zokufaka kanye nokutshalwa kwemali kwayo kwangaphambilini kuphezulu, njengoba kunokuphila okude isikhathi eside, kungancishiswa ngokuphelele futhi kutholakale izinzuzo zezomnotho, ngenkathi kunciphisa imithelela emvelweni nasekukhishweni kwamagesi abamba ukushisa akhiqizwa ngophethiloli.

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bukhula, ukuvela kwe-turbine yomoya kuyivumela ukuthi ibe nempilo esebenziseka isikhathi eside, futhi ikwazi ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi amaningi futhi ikwazi nokuyithola ezindaweni eziqonde kakhulu.

Ukusebenza

Izingxenye zomoya ophephela

I-turbine yomoya kuthiwa iyakwazi ukuguqula amandla e-kinetic omoya abe ngamandla kagesi. Kodwa-ke, ikwazi kanjani ukukhiqiza lawo mandla? I-turbine yomoya iyakwazi ukukhiqiza ugesi ngezigaba ezahlukene.

  • Ukuma okuzenzakalelayo. Lesi yisigaba sokuqala lapho i-turbine yomoya iqala ukusebenza khona. Iyakwazi ukuziqondisa ngokuzenzekelayo ukuze iwasebenzise ngokugcwele amandla ahlinzekwa umoya. Lokhu kwaziwa ngenxa yedatha erekhodwe yi-vane vane kanye ne-anemometer abayifakile engxenyeni yabo ephezulu. Futhi banesiteji esizungeza emqhele ekugcineni kombhoshongo.
  • Ukuphenduka kweBlade. Umoya uqala ukuphendula izindwani. Ukuze lokhu kwenzeke, isivinini saso kufanele sibe cishe ku-3,5 m / s. Amandla amakhulu adingekayo ekwenzeni kahle ukukhiqizwa kukagesi kwenzeka lapho umoya unejubane le-11 m / s. Uma izivunguvungu zomoya zingaphezu kwama-25 m / s, ama-blade abekwa esimweni sefulegi ukuze amabhulethi ophephela womoya, ngaleyo ndlela agweme izingcindezi ezeqile.
  • Ukuphindaphinda. Kuyi-Rotor ephendula ishafu esisheshayo esikwaziyo ukukhuphula ijubane lokujika lisuke kuzinguquko ezi-13 ngomzuzu ziye ku-1.500.
  • Isizukulwane. Ngenxa yalokhu okuphindaphindayo okwandisa izinguquko ngomzuzu, amandla alo angadluliselwa ku-generator abayihlanganisile, ngaleyo ndlela kukhiqizwe ugesi.
  • Ukususwa. Amandla kagesi akhiqizwa aqhutshwa ngaphakathi kombhoshongo kuya esisekelweni. Lapho iqhutshwe lapho, iya kulayini ongaphansi komhlaba esiteshini lapho amandla ayo ekhuphuka khona ngokwanele ukuyijova kwinethiwekhi kagesi bese isabalalisa amanye amaphuzu okusetshenziswa.
  • Ukuqapha. Ukuze zonke izigaba zokukhiqizwa kwamandla zenziwe ngendlela efanele, inqubo yokuqapha nokubheka iyaqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo. Imisebenzi ebucayi ye-turbine yomoya ibhekiwe futhi igadwe esiteshini kanye nasendaweni yokulawula. Ngenxa yalokhu, noma yisiphi isehlakalo sokusebenza kwepulazi lomoya singatholakala futhi sixazululwe.

Izinhlobo zemishini yomoya

Ukusebenza kwama-wind turbines

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-turbine omoya kuya ngokusetshenziswa kwawo nokukhiqizwa kwamandla. Okwakuqala kuncike ku-eksisi ye-Rotor (mpo noma enezingqimba) kanye neyokugcina emandleni ohlinzekiwe.

Ngokuya nge-eksisi le-rotor

I-eksisi emile

I-wind-axis evundlile

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo lwomoya ophephela ngukuthi awudingi isigaba sokuma esizenzakalelayo ukuba omnidirectional. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingxenye zayo ezifana ne-generator kanye ne-multiplier zifakwe ukugeleza ngomhlabathi, okuholela ekwenzeni ngcono okukhulu ezimweni zesondlo kanye nokwehliswa kwezindleko zomhlangano.

Ebubini sithola ukuthi banazo ukusebenza kahle okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo kanye nesidingo sayo sezinhlelo zangaphandle ezisebenza njengeziqalo zamabhande. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho i-rotor idinga ukuhlukaniselwa ukugcinwa, yonke imishini ye-turbine yomoya kufanele ihlukaniswe.

I-eksisi evundlile

Umoya ophendulwa nge-eksisi ovundlile

Iningi lomoya abakhiqizwa ngumoya abakhelwe ukuwaxhuma kwinethiwekhi kagesi banamacembe amathathu futhi bane-eksisi evundlile. Lezi zinjini zomoya zinayo ukusebenza kahle okukhulu futhi kuzuzwe isivinini sokujikeleza esiphakeme ngomzuzu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi udinga ukuphindaphindwa okuncane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yokwakhiwa kwayo okuphezulu, iyakwazi ukusebenzisa kangcono amandla omoya ekuphakameni.

Ngokwamandla ahlinzekiwe

imishini yomoya enamandla amakhulu okuhweba

Ngokuya ngamandla abawanikezayo, kunezinhlobo eziningana zama-turbines omoya. Okokuqala imishini yamandla aphansi. Zihlotshaniswa nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi, njengokupompa amanzi, kanye bayakwazi ukunikeza amandla azungeze i-50Kw. Ezinye izinhlobo zemishini zingasetshenziswa ukukhulisa amandla aphelele ohlinzekiwe. Namuhla zisetshenziswa njengomthombo wamandla wezinhlelo zemishini noma amandla kagesi ahlukanisiwe.

Imishini yamandla aphakathi. Lawa amasekhondi futhi angenile uhla lokukhiqizwa cishe lwe-150Kw. Ngokuvamile azixhunyaniswa namabhethri, kodwa zikunethiwekhi kagesi.

Ekugcineni, imishini yamandla aphezulu isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ezentengiselwano futhi ixhunywe kugridi nakumaqembu. Ukukhiqizwa kwayo kufinyelela kuma-gigawatts.

Ngalolu lwazi ungafunda okuningi kakhulu ngama-wind turbines nokusebenza kwawo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.