Njalo lapho bebona okuningi iziqukathi ezivuselelwa kabusha phansi komgwaqo selokhu abantu bazi kancane kancane futhi baqala ukukwenza Phinda usebenzise kabusha, yize kokusha kuningi kunokungabaza okufanayo.
Kule ndatshana sizochaza ngokurisayikilisha, imithetho ye-5R, iziqukathi ezivuselelwa kabusha nokuthi yini engasetshenziswa kabusha kulowo nalowo nokuthi yini, ngokungeziwe kwezinye iziqukathi ezivuselelwa ekhaya, okuyiyona nkinga enkulu ukuqala ukuvuselelwa kwesikhala Ekhaya.
Kabusha
Ukwenza kabusha kabusha inqubo ehlose ukukwenza shintsha imfucuza ibe yimikhiqizo emisha noma ngendaba yokusetshenziswa kwayo okulandelayo.
Njengoba le nqubo isetshenziswe ngokugcwele, esikuvimbelayo ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezinamandla okuba usizo, singakwazi ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha eziluhlaza futhi kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ekudalweni kwayo. Ngaphandle kwalokho, futhi sinciphisa ukungcoliswa komoya namanzi (ngokushisa nokulahla imfucuza ngokulandelana komhlaba), futhi kunciphise nokukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa.
Kubalulekile ukwenza kabusha kusukela lapho izinto ezingaphinde zisebenze kabusha okuningi okufana nalokhu: izinto ze-elekthronikhi, ukhuni, izindwangu nezindwangu, izinsimbi eziyinsimbi nezingenayo futhi izinto ezithandwa kakhulu njengephepha namakhadibhodi, ingilazi namanye amapulasitiki.
Imithetho ye-5R
Ukuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha kuyisici esiyinhloko sokunciphisa imfucuza (enye yezinkinga zemvelo esihlupheka njengamanje) futhi yingxenye yesihlanu yama-3R, eminye yemithetho eyisisekelo inhloso yayo ukuzuza umphakathi ozinzile ngokwengeziwe.
Yehlisa: Lezi yizenzo ezenziwayo ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezithambekele ekubeni yimfucuza, ngezinyathelo zokuthenga okunengqondo, ukusetshenziswa okufanele kwemikhiqizo noma ukuthengwa kwemikhiqizo esimeme.
Kungumkhuba wokuqala okumele siwufake emakhaya ethu ngoba sizoba nokonga okuphawulekayo “kwesikhwama” kanye nendawo kanye nezinto zokwakha ezizosetshenziswa kabusha.
Ukulungiswa: Kukhona izinto ezingapheli ezithinteka kulokhu R. Ukuphelelwa isikhathi okuhleliwe kumane nje kuphambene futhi yilokho okufanele ulwe nakho.
Konke kunesixazululo esilula futhi okokuqala kumele sizame ukulungisa noma yimuphi umkhiqizo, kungaba yifenisha, okokugqoka, okokusebenza ngogesi, njll.
Phinda usebenzise: yizenzo ezivumela ukusetshenziswa kabusha komkhiqizo othile ukuwunika impilo yesibili, ngokusetshenziswa okufanayo noma okwehlukile.
Lokho wukuthi, izinyathelo ezihlose ukulungisa imikhiqizo nokwelula impilo yazo esebenzayo.
Buyisela: Singathola ezinye izinto entweni kadoti bese sizihlukanisa ukuze sizisebenzise futhi, isibonelo esivame kakhulu kuvame ukuba sezinsimbi ezingahlukaniswa nemishini ehlukile esiyilahlayo futhi engasetshenziswa futhi.
Phinda usebenzise: Sesivele sikubonile, kuyinqubo ngemisebenzi efanele yokuqoqwa kukadoti nokwelashwa okubavumela ukuthi baphinde babuyiselwe kumjikelezo wempilo.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza emthonjeni kusetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngemigudu efanelekile.
Ukuvuselela iziqukathi
Sesikushilo konke lokhu, sidlulela emigqonyeni yokuphinda usebenzise kabusha, njengoba wazi, eyinhloko eyi-3, ophuzi, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okotshani.
Kubantu abasha kakhulu kulokhu nakumakadebona kakhulu kepha noma kunjalo benokungabaza okuthile, imvamisa kwenziwa izikhathi ezimbalwa (ngonyaka) imikhankaso yezemfundo yezemvelo noma izinhlelo zokusebenzisa udoti nokurisayikilisha, ngenhloso yokuqwashisa nokuqwashisa ngomthelela wokudalwa kwemfucuza kwezemvelo, kanye nezinyathelo ezisekela ezemvelo zokunciphisa lokhu.
Le mikhankaso noma izinhlelo zivame ukwenziwa yi UJunta de Andalucía, i-Andalusian Federation of Municipalities and Provinces (FAMP), i-Ecoembes ne-Ecovidrio Futhi kuhle ukuthi abantu bafunde ukusebenzisa kabusha, ngoba kunabantu abaningi namuhla abangakwazi ngokuphelele ukwenza kabusha.
Lezi zingosi zinikeza imininingwane nezeluleko zokuthi zisetshenziswe kanjani kabusha ngendlela evelele futhi okuwukuthi, ukuqala kabusha, kuzodingeka sazi ukuthi yini imfucuza yasekhaya: yilawo akhiqizwa emakhaya ngenxa yemisebenzi yasekhaya.
Okuvame kakhulu izinsalela zezinto eziphilayo, ipulasitiki, insimbi, iphepha, amakhadibhodi noma iziqukathi zengilazi namabhokisi. Futhi, njengoba ubona, cishe yonke into iyakwazi ukuphinda isetshenziswe.
Ngalesi sethulo esincane engikunikeze sona, manje sengiya lapho kubaluleke khona ngempela: ukuthi ingahlukaniswa kanjani kangcono imfucuza esiyivezayo, futhi lokhu ukuhlukanisa okukhethiwe okubandakanya ukuqoqa imfucuza ngeziqukathi ezahlukahlukene ngokuya ngezimpawu nezakhiwo zazo.
Ngezansi kukhona zonke iziqukathi kanye nemfucuza ethile evela esitsheni ngasinye:
- Isiqukathi esingokwemvelo nezinsalela: izinto eziphilayo futhi zilahla kusuka kwezinye iziqukathi.
- Isitsha esiphuzi: iziqukathi zepulasitiki ezikhanyayo, amabhokisi, amathini, ama-aerosols, njll.
- Isitsha esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka: iziqukathi zamakhadibhodi namaphepha, amaphephandaba kanye nomagazini.
- Isitsha esiluhlaza: amabhodlela engilazi, izimbiza, izimbiza nezimbiza.
- Isitsha samafutha: uwoyela odabuka ekhaya.
- I-Sigre Point: imithi nokufakwa kwayo. Zitholakala emakhemisi.
- Isitsha sebhethri: inkinobho yamabhethri ane-alkaline. Atholakala ezitolo eziningi nasezikhungweni zikamasipala.
- Isitsha sezindwangu: izingubo, amanikiniki nezicathulo. Izinhlangano eziningi zineziqukathi nezinsizakalo zokuqoqa.
- Isiqukathi samalambu: i-fluorescent, ama-bulb wokonga amandla nama-LED.
- Esinye isitsha semfucuza: buza umkhandlu wedolobha lakho ukuthi ukuphi.
- Iphuzu elihlanzekile: imfucuza enkulu njengamatilasi, izimpahla zasendlini, njll., Izinsalela zikapende, okokusebenza ngogesi kanye nemfucuza eyingozi yasendlini.
Kodwa-ke, okusetshenziswa kakhulu yiziqukathi ezijwayelekile (izinto eziphilayo), okuphuzi, okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngoba kungudoti esikhiqiza kakhulu.
Isitsha esiphuzi
Sisebenzisa ngamunye ngaphezu kuka Iziqukathi ezingama-2.500 XNUMX ngonyaka, ngokuba ngaphezu kwengxenye yabo bepulasitiki.
Njengamanje ngise-Andalusia (futhi ngikhuluma nge-Andalusia njengoba ngivela lapha futhi ngiyazi kangcono idatha) ngaphezu kweziqukathi ezingama-50% zeziqukathi zepulasitiki ziphinda zenziwe kabusha, cishe izinsimbi ezingama-56% kanye namabhokisi angama-82%. Akukubi neze!
Manje bheka umjikelezo wepulasitiki negrafu encane yokubonisa, lapho ungabona khona uhlelo lokuqala bese ulisebenzisa ngemuva kokuphinda usebenzise kabusha.
Ukuqeda lesi sitsha, kufanele sisho ukuthi imfucuza leyo CHA iya kulesi siqukathi yilezi: iziqukathi zephepha, amakhadibhodi noma ingilazi, amabhakede epulasitiki, amathoyizi noma iziphanyeko, ama-CD nezinto zikagesi zasendlini.
Incomo: Hlanza iziqukathi bese uzibeka phansi ukuze unciphise umthamo wazo ngaphambi kokuziphonsa esitsheni.
Isiqukathi esiluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Phambilini sikubonile okufakwa ezitsheni, kepha hhayi lokho CHA Kufanele ifakwe kuzo futhi kulokhu: amanabukeni angcolile, napkins noma izicubu, amakhadibhodi noma iphepha eligcotshiswe ngamafutha noma uwoyela, ucwecwe lwe-aluminium namabhokisi, namabhokisi emithi.
Bheka umjikelezo wephepha neqiniso elijabulisayo.
Isincomo: Songa amabhokisi ngaphambi kokuwafaka esitsheni. Ungashiyi amabhokisi ngaphandle kwesitsha.
Isitsha esiluhlaza
Ini CHA okufanele zifakwe kulesi siqukathi yilezi: izibuko nezibuko ezenziwe ngengilazi, i-ceramic, i-porcelain nezibuko, ama-light light noma amalambu we-fluorescent.
Isincomo: Susa izivalo ezitsheni ezingilazi ngaphambi kokuziyisa esitsheni ngoba konakalisa kakhulu inqubo yokuphinda isetshenziswe
Kuwo wonke Amabhodlela engilazi angama-3000 yelitha esetshenziswe kabusha ingonga:
- Imfucumfucu eyi-1000 kg engayi endaweni okulahlwa kuyo udoti.
- 1240 kg wezinto zokusetshenziswa okungafanele zikhishwe emvelweni.
- Okulingana no-130 kg kaphethiloli.
- Nciphisa ukungcoliswa komoya kuze kufike kuma-20% ngokwakha amaphakethe amasha engilazini esetshenziswe kabusha.
Uma siphuma kulezi ziqukathi bese sisebenzisa okusetshenziswa kakhulu kunakho konke, okokuphilayo, singanciphisa futhi sikusebenzise kangcono lokhu ngoba ngisho nezinto eziphilayo zingaguqulwa zibe umquba, ezingasetshenziswa njengomquba.
Uma ufuna ukwazi okwengeziwe ngomquba ungavakashela i-athikili yami kubhulogi lami «Ingqungquthela yokuphinda isebenze kabusha kanye nokwenza umquba kanye neWorkshop yokufaka umquba njengenqubo yokuhlola imfucuza» lapho uzofunda khona ukubaluleka komquba nokuthi ukwenze kanjani ekhaya ngaphezu kokwakha umgqomo womquba.
Ukuvuselela imigqomo ekhaya
Inkinga enkulu abantu abaningi abanayo akukhona ukungazi kokuphinda kusetshenziswe kabusha noma ukusetshenziswa kabusha okungalungile kodwa "ubuvila" obuza ngokuya ezitsheni noma ukwenza ukwahlukana ekhaya, kungaba ngenxa isikhala noma ngesinye isimo.
Uma ungomunye walabo abaswele isikhala, ungahlala ukwazi ukuphatha kabusha kabusha ngendlela efanele, kwi-Intanethi ungathola imibono noma iziphakamiso eziningi zokuzivumelanisa nezekhaya lakho, ezinye, kuyiqiniso ukuthi zihlala ngaphezulu noma zibiza imali kepha njalo nguwe onquma ekugcineni.
Njengoba ngishilo, babiza imali njengale migqomo yokuphinda isetshenziswe ekhaya. Kuyinto entofontofo kakhulu uma kukhulunywa ngokufika emsebenzini, umane uyithenge futhi uyisebenzise ekhaya.
Ezinye zikhulu kakhulu kepha zishibhile njengalezi engizokukhombisa zona ngezansi.
Ngamabhakede amadala noma amabhokisi amakhadibhodi ungazenzela imigqomo yakho yokuphinda usebenzise kabusha njengoba ngenzile ngokwesibonelo kuleli hlobo ezikoleni zasehlobo lapho ngisebenze khona.
Ekugcineni izingane zifunda ukubaluleka kokuphinda zisetshenziswe futhi zisebenzise amanye ama-R njengoba sisebenzisa okokusebenza ukuze sikunikeze okunye ukusetshenziswa futhi sinciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwaso.
Njengoba ukwazi ukubona kunezixazululo eziningi, vele kufanele uthole okukufanele kakhulu.
Uma ngenhlanhla ufana nami, akukho ukuntuleka kwesikhala, okulandelayo kulula njengokubeka isikhwama esikhulu ngaphezulu komshini wokuwasha bese uphonsa konke okuzovuselelwa futhi uma sekugcwele yiya ezitsheni uwahlukanise lapho futhi.
Ngiyazi ukuthi kuyashesha futhi kukhululeke ukuya endaweni yekhonteyina esetshenziswayo kabusha uphinde ulahle yonke into kwazise usuvele uhlukanisile kepha ngamunye unakho anakho futhi okubalulekile ekugcineni ukuthi uyakusebenzisa kabusha.
Ngiyethemba ukuthi ikusizile nokuthi wehlise, usebenzise kabusha futhi usebenzise kabusha ukwenza impilo engcono.