Kusukela ngoDisemba odlule, idolobhana elincane elinabahlali abacishe babe ngu-3400 XNUMX eliseNormandy (iTououvre-au-Perche), lijabulele umgwaqo welanga obude obuyikhilomitha elilodwa, okuyizici ezinkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni. Lesi sikhungo esivulwe nguNgqongqoshe Wezemvelo, iSégolène Royal, sihlose ukuba yisilinganiso sokuguqulwa kwamandla kagesi.
Umqondo wokutshala amapaneli elanga emigwaqweni ukuze kukhiqizwe ugesi awumusha. Isinyathelo sokuqala salolu hlobo savela eminyakeni engaphezu kweyishumi eyedlule e-United States futhi, kusukela lapho, amaphrojekthi afanayo asenziwe emadolobheni afana ne-Amsterdam noma iBerlin. Kepha kuze kube manje beziyizindlela zelanga ezihamba ngamamitha ambalwa. Ngokusho kwemithombo yezindaba eminingi yaseFrance, iphrojekthi yeWattway ilethe isici esisha.
Iholwa yinkampani yokwakha yomphakathi i-COLAS (iqembu leBouygues) neNational Solar Energy Institute (INES), ngokubamba iqhaza kweKhomishini ye-Atomic Energy and Alternative Energy (CEA) kanye ne-University of Savoy, i-Wattway ibonakale ngemuva kweminyaka emihlanu yocwaningo izivivinyo ezenziwe eVendée, eBouches-du-Rhône naseYvelines, yize umbhede wangempela wokuhlola uzoba yindlela uqobo.
Umgwaqo welanga unamacwecwe elanga angaba ngu-2800 m2 wamaphaneli elanga asesithombeni anjengamathayili anamathiselwe ku-asphalt futhi avikelwe ngokuqinile ngosinokuzivikela okuthi, ngokusho kozakwethu beWattway, “abenze bakwazi ukumelana nokuhamba kwazo zonke izinhlobo zezimoto, kufaka phakathi izimoto. izimoto ezinzima ”, ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukubambelela okuhle phakathi kwamathayi nomgwaqo. Lawa ma-module enziwe yi-SNA cooperative, etholakala eTourouvre-au-Perche; okungukuthi, edolobheni elifanayo eligcina indlela entsha.
Ugesi okhiqizwayo uzofakwa kwinethiwekhi yokusabalalisa yendawo ngokuxhumeka ngqo. Ngokusho kweCOLAS, indawo engaphezulu kwe-20 m2 yethrekhi yanele ukuphakela ugesi ekhaya (ngaphandle kokushisa). Kulinganiselwa ukuthi izokhiqiza amandla ahlanzekile ukuhlinzeka ugesi ekukhanyeni komphakathi wedolobha laseNorman eselikhulunywe ngenhla (izakhamizi ezingama-3.298).
Ukugxekwa komgwaqo omkhulu welanga waseFrance
Le phrojekthi engajwayelekile, exhaswa ngabaphathi baseFrance, izindleko 5 million euro. Kepha ngaphambi kokusho ukugxekwa okutholakele, ake sikhombe amanye amaphuzu okufanele siwakhumbule ngale mizila ekhiqiza amandla:
- Inzuzo enkulu yomgwaqo welanga ukuthi igwema ukusetshenziswa komhlaba olimekayo ukukhiqiza ugesi. Ngayo, kuzobe kunikela ngenye insiza emigwaqweni emikhulu.
- Imfuno yomhlaba yamandla izokwanda i-x2 ngonyaka ka-2050.
- Imigwaqo ihlala kuphela ezimotweni ngo-10% wesikhathi.
- Kufanele futhi ucabangele ifayela le- ukuvela njalo kobuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic, okwenza amaseli elanga asebenze kahle futhi ashibhe ukukhiqiza.
Kube nokugxekwa okumbalwa okutholakele, ikakhulukazi okuhlobene ne- izindleko eziphezulu yale phrojekthi yelanga. Kuyavunywa, lesi sabelomali besibonakala, ngoba ukuthola iphansi le-photovoltaic elimele ithrafikhi yamaloli kwenza umsebenzi ubize kakhulu.
Its ukusebenza kahle kwamandla, ngoba ngaleyo mali bekungafakwa isitshalo selanga esinamapaneli athambekele. Indawo yayo nayo iyabuzwa, njengoba kunezindawo eFrance ezinesibalo esiphezulu samahora okukhanya kwelanga ngonyaka. Lapha kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi umfelandawonye ophethe ukukhiqiza lamamojula ngokunembile useTourouvre-au-Perche.
Iqiniso ngukuthi yize ngo-Okthoba owedlule uMnyango Wezemvelo wamemezela ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwengqalasizinda kuzoba ngamahora ayi-17 kilowatt (kWh) ngosuku, kungekudala ngemuva kwalokho bekufanele kulungise futhi kukhombise ukuthi umkhiqizo olindelwe ngu-963 kWh ngosuku. Lokho kungukuthi, kuphindwe izikhathi ezingamashumi amabili.
Ochwepheshe abayingabazi le ndlela emisha yezobuchwepheshe ngasese. Kepha bayazibuza ngokusebenza kwaso, futhi bakholelwa ukuthi lesi sabelomali besingatshalwa kwezinye izingqalasizinda ezingavuselelwa ngenzuzo esivele efakazelwe.
Umzila welanga owakhiwa ngamaphaneli weWattway
Lo mgwaqo waseNormandy uyakwazi ukudonsa amandla elanga futhi ukhiqize ugesi ozosetshenziswa endaweni. Ngokwakhiwa kwayo umgandayo okhethekile welanga obizwa ngokuthi wattway, emelana nomgwaqo osindayo wezimoto. Kuyisitezi esinelungelo lobunikazi se-photovoltaic esidinga iminyaka emihlanu yocwaningo nentuthuko. Ngemuva kwakhe kukhona inkampani yeColas neNational Institute of Solar Energy.
Ngokusho komkhiqizi wayo, 20m2 Ama-slabs e-Wattway anele ukunikeza ikhaya.
Lawa maphaneli we-photovoltaic athola ukumelana okukhulu ngoba enziwe nge-resin enezingqimba eziningana ze-silicon. Ngamanye amagama, amaseli we-photovoltaic afakwa phakathi kwezinkulungwane zezendlalelo zezinto ezingazweli. Ubukhulu bayo bungamamilimitha ambalwa, kuqinisekisa ukunamathela kwamathayi, futhi iyavuma ukukhubazeka okushintshwa izinga lokushisa emgwaqeni.
Elinye iphuzu elithandekayo lale nto litholakala ekufakweni kwalo: liqukethe amapuleti afakwe ngqo kupavumente okhona.