Kusukela ngawo-70, izinkampani zikawoyela emhlabeni wonke ziye zaphupha ngokuxhaphaza uwoyela ogwini lwase-Arctic. Ngokwenziwa kwamandla avuselelekayo nentuthuko ekhulayo kulo mkhakha, akudingekile ukuqhubeka nokufuna uwoyela ukuze unikeze amandla emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngokwesimo esikhona njengamanje, sizama ukuthola okuphambene nalokho: ukuhola umhlaba uye esikhathini sokweqa amandla nge-decarbonis ukugwema imiphumela yokuguquka kwesimo sezulu nokuqeda ukungcoliswa komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, uMongameli wase-US uDonald Trump wenze isiphakamiso somthetho sokuvumela ukubhola kukawoyela ku-RI-Alaska National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), eholwa nguLisa Murkowski, usihlalo weKomiti Lezigele lezeziNdaba nezeMvelo. Ngabe sithathe izinyathelo emuva ekuthuthukiseni amandla ethu?
Ukuxhashazwa kwe-Arctic
Le phrojekthi, isinyathelo sayo esivela kumongameli, ingavumela ukuthengiswa kwamalayisense amabili kubhola amakhilomitha-skwele angu-1.600 XNUMX ale ndawo engasogwini, igezwe yi-Arctic Ocean nasenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Alaska, ukuze ithole imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane zamaRandi. Lawa malayisense azonikezwa kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo.
UDonald Trump uhola iMelika ngokumelene nenqubekela phambili yamandla etholwa ngamanye amazwe. Ngenxa Yesivumelwano SaseParis, amandla avuselelekayo aya ngokuya eba khona kuzo zonke izimakethe futhi ahlangabezana nokufunwa kwamandla okwandayo, okufaka isandla ekwehleni kokukhishwa kwegesi engcolisa umoya.
I-Alaska Senator Ithi Ukuvula Ingxenye Encane Ye-ANWR Zone ungakha izinkulungwane zemisebenzi emihle futhi ugcine amandla ngamanani akhokhelekayo wemindeni namabhizinisi anezinsizakusebenza ezimbalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uqinisekisa ukuthi ukunikezwa kwamandla kuzogcinwa ngendlela eqinile futhi kuzonciphisa ukusilela kombuso, ngenkathi kuqiniswa ukuphepha kwezwe.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi, ngokwezibalo ze-US Geological Survey, zikhona kuleyo ndawo cishe imiphongolo eyizigidi eziyi-12.000 ka-oyela ongabuyiseka.
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zizothinteka
Uhulumeni wesifundazwe wase-US wayesevele evumile, ngemikhawulo ebalulekile, imisebenzi kawoyela ogwini olusenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Alaska, kodwa wayengakaze athinte i-ANWR, kubhekwe njengengcebo yezemvelo yezinhlobonhlobo zayo, nezinkulungwane zezinyoni, amabhere asezindaweni ezibandayo nezinyamazane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kule ndawo kunezizwe zomdabu kanye nabantu abancike kakhulu ekuzingeleni lezi zinyamazane nemikhomo, ngakho-ke ukuxhashazwa kwalo kawoyela kungababhubhisa.
Kubo bonke abavikeli bezemvelo, labo abangabososeshini bezemvelo nalabo abangekho, konke lokhu kungumbhedo ngokumelene nenqubekela phambili yamandla etholakala emhlabeni wonke. Ukuhola le planethi ekushintsheni kwamandla kususelwa emandleni avuselelekayo kufanele kube yinto ephambili futhi kungasetshenziswanga izibaseli ezengeziwe zezinto ezimbiwa phansi, kuthinte umcebo onjengokuhlukahluka kwendawo ye-ANWR.
Ngonyaka we-1995, UMongameli uClinton wavotela umthetho ofanayo ukuxhashazwa kukawoyela e-Arctic futhi, ngo-2005, omunye umzamo waphinde wanqatshwa ngomkhawulo omncane eSenate. Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi, uma isiphephelo esinenani elinjalo lezemvelo njenge-Arctic lingaphephile ezenzakalweni ezinjengalezi, akukho ndawo yemvelo evikelwe engaba noma nini.
Ngaphezu kokuvikela ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, leli sayithi libaluleke kakhulu ekuvikeleni ifa lemvelo lase-Alaska namasiko omdabu.
Enye iphrojekthi evunyelwe
Ngesikhathi esifanayo nokuvulwa kwe-ANWR emkhakheni kawoyela, iHhovisi Lezokuphepha Nokuvikelwa Kwezemvelo kuHulumeni wakho kuleli sonto linikeze ukukhanya okuluhlaza inkampani italy Eni SpA ukubhola umthombo wokuhlola oLwandle iBeaufort, futhi nase-Arctic, phakathi kwe-Alaska neCanada, kanye nasendaweni yokuphephela yezilwane zasendle.
Njengoba kungabonakala, akukho okungavimba izinqumo eziphikisana nokongiwa kwemvelo okwenziwa nguDonald Trump, ngokuzayo, okuzokwazi ukubona imiphumela yazo.