I-niche yemvelo

Lapho ngifunda okuhlukile izinhlobo zemvelo futhi izici zalo ezisemqoka zisho leli gama niche yemvelo. Kungumqondo osetshenziswayo emkhakheni wezemvelo futhi osebenzela ukuchaza isu elithile elisetshenziswa izilwane ukuze ziphile esimisweni semvelo.

Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana niche yemvelo nokubaluleka kwayo ekuthuthukiseni izilwane nezitshalo.

Yini i-niche yemvelo

niche yemvelo

Lapho singabhekiseli endaweni yemvelo, kunemiqondo eminingi enama-nuances ahlukene okunzima ukuwahlukanisa kubantu abafunda imvelo. Kodwa-ke, impela uma kukhulunywa ngokuchazwa kwale mibono, angayazi kepha ngaphandle kwaleli gama elithile. Ngokuvamile indawo yokuhlala yezinhlobo ezithile indawo lapho kutholakala khona izici zomzimba, zamakhemikhali nezemvelo lapho kuhlala khona izinhlobo ezithile zezilwane nezitshalo. Le ndawo yindawo lapho bengathuthukisa khona impilo yabo futhi benze izinqubo zabo zomzimba.

Uma sikhuluma nge-niche yemvelo, asibhekisi kucebo lokusinda elisetshenziswa uhlobo oluthile ngaphakathi kwe- indawo yokondla, ukuncintisana nezinye izinhlobo zezilwane ngokudla nensimu, ukugwema ukuhlaselwa, ukufihla, ukuzala kabusha, njll. Ngamanye amagama, singasho ukuthi i-niche yemvelo isu elisetshenziswa izidalwa eziphilayo ukuze zikwazi ukuphila ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zemvelo naphambi kwezinye izinhlobo eziphilayo.

Izinhlobo ze-niche yemvelo

Iningi lezilwane lisebenzisa insimu ukuze likwazi ukuthuthukisa imikhuba ethile elizisiza ukuba lichume kangcono. I-niche yemvelo yakha isu elihle kakhulu lokukwazi ukubheka ukudla kanye nokuvikelwa okudingekayo ukuze kukwazi ukuthuthuka nokuzala kabusha. Inhlobo ngayinye ine-niche yayo yemvelo futhi kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezahlukahlukene. Zifingqiwe ngezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-niche yemvelo:

  • Okusemqoka noma okungenzeka: kulokhu, i-niche yemvelo ibheka kuphela lezo zimo zomzimba nezemvelo lapho kufanele ihlukanise khona izinhlobo. Lokho wukuthi, sikhuluma ngensimu lapho kuhlala khona izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo kanye nezimo okufanele bazivumelanise nazo ukuze baphile. Izimo zemvelo ezinjengezinga lokushisa, imvula, inani lemisebe yelanga, ukwakheka komhlaba, izindawo zokucasha, ubukhona bezilwane ezidlayo nezilwane ezizingelayo, njll.
  • Imali noma yangempela: lolu hlobo lwe-niche yemvelo yilona olucubungula izimo lapho uhlobo olulodwa lwendalo kufanele luphile ngaphansi kwezinye. Kulapha lapho bonke ubudlelwano phakathi kwesidalwa nesilwane bucutshungulwa ngokujula okukhulu.

Ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-niche yemvelo nendawo yokuhlala

Isibonelo semvelo se-niche

Ekuqaleni kwendatshana sichaze incazelo yendawo okuhlala kuyo ngoba inobudlelwano obukhulu nenhlobo yemvelo yezinhlobo zezilwane. Siyazi ukuthi indawo yokuhlala yindawo yokuhlala ebonakalayo egcina imvelo yemvelo yezinhlobo ezihlala kuyo. Yingakho singasho ukuthi indawo yokuhlala kanye niche yemvelo kuhlobene kakhulu nemvelo yezinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo.

Sichaza uhlelo olujwayelekile lwezinto eziphilayo ezakhiwa ngumphakathi wezinto eziphilayo. Ingabe umphakathi wezinto eziphilayo maqondana nemvelo yazo waziwa ngokuthi yi-biocenosis. Bonke ubudlelwano bezinto eziphilayo nemvelo yabo baziwa njenge-biotope. Ngaphakathi kwanoma iyiphi indawo yokuhlala, izinhlobo ezihlukene zingahlala ndawonye nezinhlobonhlobo zemvelo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi i-niche yemvelo yindima edlalwa ngabantu abahlukile bohlobo oluthile lwendalo ngayinye.

Ukunikeza izibonelo singasho imisebenzi ezinye izidalwa eziphilayo ezinayo ku-ecosystem yemvelo. Isibonelo, kunezilwane ezinendawo yazo yemvelo impova, abanye bangabakhwabanisi, abanye babola, izidlo, inyamazane, njll. Uhlobo ngalunye lunomsebenzi walo ngaphakathi kwemvelo futhi ngokubambisana bathola lokho okwaziwa njengokulingana kwemvelo. Lokhu kulinganiswa kwemvelo yilokho okuvumela impilo ukuthi ikhule njengoba sazi. Futhi yiyona evumela ukuba khona kochungechunge lwe-trophic kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlobo zezilwane nezitshalo.

Uma kungenjalo ngalezo zinhlobo ezidlayo, izinhlobo zezilwane zingakhula ngobuningi bazo ngaphandle komkhawulo. Yile ndlela izilwane ezidla ngayo ezilawula ngayo izilwane, futhi, nenani lezitshalo ezidliwayo. Ngakho-ke imvelaphi yamaketanga e-trophic. izitshalo zinjalo isixhumanisi sokuqala ochungechungeni lokudla njengoba bedinga kuphela amanzi namandla elanga ukuze bachume. Izilwane ezidla imifino yizo ezondla ngalezi zitshalo futhi ezidla inyama yilezo ezidla kulezi zidla zilwane. Ngaphandle kwezidliwayo ezidla inyama, izitshalo ezidla utshani zingabulala zonke izitshalo ezikhona bese zephula ibhalansi yochungechunge lokudla.

Ngale ndlela usizo lwezilwane ezidla inyama lilawula kuphela inani labantu abadla imfuyo kanti futhi lokhu, yilabo abalawula inani labantu abadla inyama. Kodwa-ke, okuthile okungenzeka ku-ecosystem efanayo ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezinemicengezi yemvelo efanayo. Lokhu kukhiqiza lokho okwaziwa ngokuthi ukuncintisana okungaphakathi.

Izibonelo

Sizonikeza izibonelo ezithile zezindawo zokuhlala kanye niche yemvelo yezinhlobo ezithile zezinto eziphilayo.

  • Izindawo ezihlala izindlulamithi yizindawo ezinotshani, amahlathi namathafa avulekile. I-niche yayo yemvelo ukondla amaqabunga akhona ezihlahleni futhi ahlangana nezinye izinhlobo. Izindlulamithi zilwa kuphela uma ukudla kuyindlala.
  • Ama-kangaroo anendawo yawo yokuhlala ezindaweni ezisenkangala nasemathafeni. I-niche yayo yemvelo iyidla kakhulu futhi idla utshani nezimpande.
  • Inhlwathi eluhlaza inendawo yayo emahlathini asezindaweni ezishisayo futhi indawo yayo yemvelo iyisilwane esidla ezinye. Iyakwazi ukondla ezinye izilwane noma izitshalo. Imvamisa zihlala phansi ezindaweni ezinezikhukhula, ngakho-ke, zinomncintiswano oqondile nezingwenya nezingwenya. Umncintiswano ngukuthi bobabili banendawo efanayo yokuhlala kanye nesisulu esifanayo.
  • Umsundu unezindawo zokuhlala umhlabathi okhululeke ngokwedlulele onobumba nokuthungwa kwesihlabathi. I-niche yayo yemvelo iba yinto yokubola futhi inikeze ikhwalithi engcono emhlabeni. Izinyoni, izilwane ezincelisayo nezilwane ezihuquzelayo zisebenza njengokudla, ngakho-ke nazo ziyingxenye yochungechunge lokudla.

Ngiyethemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-niche yemvelo.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

*

*

  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.