Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukwanda kokuqwashisa kwezikhungo nezenhlalo ngezemvelo kuye kwaholela ekuveleni kwe ecodesign. Ukugaywa kabusha kwemfucuza sekuthole ukumenyezelwa okwengeziwe kwabezindaba, isibonelo ngokukhuthaza ukuthengwa nokudayiswa kwezinto eziseke zasetshenziswa. Nokho, lesi isinyathelo esikha phezulu kakhulu esihloselwe ukunciphisa izinsiza esizisebenzisayo kanye nemfucuza esiyikhiqizayo. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukungenelela ezinhlelweni zokuphatha ukuze kulethwe i-ecodesign kuyo yonke indawo eyakhiwe.
Ngalesi sizathu, sizonikezela lesi sihloko ukuze sikutshele konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana ne-ecodesign, izici zayo nokubaluleka kwayo.
Yini i-ecodesign
I-Ecodesign iyisigaba senqubo yokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo okuhloswe ngayo ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo womkhiqizo. Kungashiwo kanjalo ukuzuza ukusimama komnotho kuyisihluthulelo sohlelo lokuphatha, ngoba ngokwakha nokulungisa kabusha imikhiqizo ehlonipha imvelo, kungenzeka ukumisa ukucekelwa phansi kwemvelo, ukuncipha kwemithombo yemvelo kanye nemiphumela yesibambiso ethinta kabi i-ecosystem nempilo yabantu. Izimiso ze-ecodesign yilezi:
- Ukusebenza kahle ekwenziweni komkhiqizo, okungukuthi, ukusebenzisa inani elincane lempahla namandla ngangokunokwenzeka.
- Idizayinelwe ukuthi ihlakazwe, okuvumela ukugaywa kabusha komkhiqizo esikhathini esizayo, ingxenye yawo ngayinye ingabonakala kalula futhi ihlukaniselwe ukulahlwa kwayo okulungile ngokuya ngobunjalo bayo kanye nokwakheka kwayo.
- Khiqiza imikhiqizo usebenzisa into eyodwa noma ngaphezulu "ye-bio". ukwenza lula inqubo yokugaywa kabusha.
- Sebenzisa amajamo nezinto eziqinile.
- Ukuhlukahluka kanye nokwenzeka kokuphinda kusetshenziswe futhi kugaywe kabusha umkhiqizo.
- Yehlisa usayizi wemikhiqizo ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa (GHG) ngesikhathi sokuthutha. Ngenxa yalokho, imikhiqizo eminingi ingathuthwa ngohambo ngalunye, kuthuthukiswe indawo kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli.
- Ukuphatha imikhiqizo njengezinsizakalo hhayi njengezinto nje, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ezidingweni hhayi ezifisweni zokuba nayo, njengamanje kuphawula inkambiso yemakethe.
- Sekela ubuchwepheshe obusha ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle komkhiqizo.
- Ukwehliswa kokukhishwa kwe-emission.
- Sabalalisa futhi uhlanganise umlayezo wokusimama komkhiqizo ekwakhiweni kwawo.
Izici ze-ecodesign
Ekuphetheni, inhloso ye-ecodesign ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wemikhiqizo esiyisebenzisayo empilweni yayo yonke futhi iqinisekisa inhlalakahle kanye nezinga lempilo yabasebenzisi. Ezinye zezici ezibalulekile ze-ecodesign yilezi:
- Okuhambisana nokusetshenziswa komnotho oyindilinga.
- Unganciphisa izindleko zokucubungula nokuthumela umkhiqizo.
- Kwenza ngcono inqubo yokukhiqiza ngakho-ke izinga lomkhiqizo otholiwe.
- Inomthelela ekusungulweni kwenkampani.
- Iphakamisa amazinga amane avumela ukusebenza ekuthuthukisweni, ukuklama kabusha, ukwakhiwa kanye nencazelo yemikhiqizo emisha kanye nezinhlelo ezintsha zokukhiqiza.
- Gwema ukusaphaza izinsiza.
- Uma isikhathi sokusebenziseka somkhiqizo sesiphelelwe yisikhathi, cabanga ukuthi umkhiqizo uyagaywa kabusha futhi usetshenziswe kabusha, unikeze inani lemfucuza.
- Kunamasu ahlukene e-ecodesign afana nalawa: Isondo le-LiDS kanye nesu le-PILOT.
Izibonelo
Ezibonelweni ze-ecodesign eziboniswe ngezansi, ezinye ziyingxenye yempilo yethu yansuku zonke, kanti ezinye zibonisa intuthuko esencane:
- I-Ecodesign yamafriji, amafriji kanye nezinye izinto zikagesi njengama-heaters, imishini yokuwasha kanye nemishini yokugeza izitsha, elawulwa yi-European Commission (EC).
- Ukuklama nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zemvelo.
- Imishini yekhofi yase-Italy ngoba ayisebenzisi izihlungi zephepha.
- Ifenisha yenziwe ngezinto ezinophawu lwe-FSC (Forest Stewardship Council) nezinto ezigaywe kabusha.
- Ifenisha ithengiswa ingahlanganisiwe, yehlisa usayizi womkhiqizo futhi ithuthukisa ukuthunyelwa.
- Ifenisha yokuklama ekhiphekayo njengamabhentshi asemadolobheni.
- Sebenzisa udoti wezindwangu, amapulasitiki ukwenza izingubo.
Ukukhiqizwa nemiklamo eqhubekayo
Emhlabeni osondela kubantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-8, imodeli endala yomnotho oqondile isiphelelwe yisikhathi futhi isiholela ekusaseni elingaqinisekile. I-Ecodesign izalwa ngaphakathi kwalolu hlaka, imikhiqizo esimeme ihlanganisa imibandela yemvelo kuzo zonke izigaba zayo: ukukhulelwa, ukuthuthukiswa, ezokuthutha kanye nokugaywa kabusha.
Kufanele sikhiqize kangcono nangempumelelo, ngenxa yezizathu ezisobala: izinto ezingavuthiwe nezinsiza zemvelo azinamkhawulo, futhi uma singazinakekeli zingaphela. Amanye, njengamanzi, abalulekile empilweni, kanti imikhakha ebalulekile yezomnotho incike ezimbiwazweni, njengemboni yezobuchwepheshe. Uma sengeza ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla ezikhungweni zokukhiqiza, iplanethi ngeke ikhokhe izikweletu.
Imiphumela yokuthenga - ngokusho kweGreenpeace, sisebenzisa imithombo yemvelo engama-50% ngaphezulu namuhla kuneminyaka engama-30 edlule - sihole iNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene (UN) ukufuna indlela entsha yokukhiqiza ukuze kwandiswe izinsiza namandla, kuthuthukiswe amandla avuselelekayo, kusimame ingqalasizinda, kuthuthukiswe ukutholakala kwezinsizakalo eziyisisekelo kanye nokukhiqiza imisebenzi yezemvelo nekhwalithi.
Izinzuzo zemvelo zokukhiqiza okusimeme nazo zizuzisa izimboni nezakhamuzi. I-UN ithi lolu hlelo lulungele wonke umuntu ngoba luthuthukisa izinga lempilo yezigidi, lwehlisa ubumpofu, lwandisa ukuncintisana futhi lwehlisa izindleko zomnotho, ezemvelo nezenhlalo.
izinzuzo zemvelo
Izinzuzo ze-ecodesign ngokuya ngemibono yomkhiqizo nesevisi ziningi futhi zisiza ukunciphisa izici ezihlukahlukene zemvelo zemikhiqizo yendabukonjengokuphatha imfucuza.
Ngeshwa, kuphinde kube nokubi okuvimbela le ndlela ukuthi yamukelwe njengendinganiso ekukhiqizeni imikhiqizo namasevisi, njengolwazi oluncane umthengi analo ngale mikhiqizo, izindleko zomkhiqizo ziphezulu kunemikhiqizo yendabuko. ezikhathini eziningi, ukusesha izinto zokwakha ezinye izindlela futhi wethule le mikhiqizo ngezigaba zemakethe ezincintisana kakhulu, njengezindlu zepulasitiki.
Ngakho-ke, njengesiphetho, singabona ukuthi naphezu kwezinzuzo ezikhangayo ze-ecodesign kokubili abakhiqizi kanye ne abathengi, ukushiyeka kwayo kusaphazamisa ukuthandwa kwayo emakethe yanamuhla futhi, ngakho-ke, ivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekuthathweni kwethu emikhubeni yokusetshenziswa. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokukubona njengenye indlela ebalulekile yokubhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo ezisihluphayo, kuhlanganiswe nezinhlelo zomthetho, ukusetshenziswa okunomthwalo wemfanelo kanye nokwamukelwa kokuqwashisa ngemvelo okuphelele kakhulu emphakathini.
Ngithemba ukuthi ngalolu lwazi ungafunda kabanzi nge-ecodesign nezici zayo.