Asebenza kanjani amaphaneli elanga

asebenza kanjani amaphaneli elanga ophahleni lwendlu

Siyazi ukuthi ngaphakathi kwamandla avuselelekayo, amandla elanga yiwona anikela kakhulu. Endabeni yezinsizakusebenza ezincane ezizisebenzisela zona, iSpain yanda kancane kancane. Imizi eminingi iye yakhetha ukufakwa kwamaphaneli we-photovoltaic ngoba amele ukonga okuhle kumthethosivivinywa kagesi futhi singathola umthwalo wemvelo lapho izikhathi zifuna khona. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi abazi asebenza kanjani amaphaneli elanga.

Ngakho-ke, sizonikezela le ndatshana ukukutshela ukuthi ama-solar panel asebenza kanjani nakho konke okuphathelene nawo.

Asebenza kanjani amaphaneli elanga we-photovoltaic

asebenza kanjani ama-solar panel

Njengoba igama lalo libonisa, amandla elanga asebenzisa amandla avela elangeni ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi. Phakathi kwezinzuzo esinazo zamandla elanga sithola ukuthi azingcolisi imvelo, ayinamkhawulo, yize kukhona nokubi okuthile njengokuqhubeka kwayo. Isizukulwane se-Photovoltaic empeleni siyimpahla izinto ezithile okufanele zikwazi ukuyenza yenza ugesi lapho ufakwa emisebeni yelanga. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amandla elanga ekhipha ama-electron enza ukugeleza kwamandla kagesi. Kumele sazi ukuthi imisebe yelanga ukuhamba kwama-photon.

Ukwazi ukuthi ama-solar panel asebenza kanjani kufanele sazi ukuthi yini eyakhiwa yimodyuli yochungechunge lwamaseli we-photovoltaic. Azilutho ngaphandle kwezendlalelo ze-silicon ezigcwele i-phosphorus ne-boron. Ngenxa yemisebe yelanga edonsa imali ekhokhiswayo ngogesi, kufana nokufaka ama-serial kwimodyuli ukuze i-voltage ingalungiswa ohlelweni lwe-DC olusebenzisekayo. Ngokusebenzisa i-inverter yamanje kulapho amandla aqhubekayo akhiqizwa kuphaneli yelanga aguqulwa abe amandla ashintshanayo azosetshenziselwa ikhaya.

Amandla ngokuxhuma ku-inverter kulapho kwakhiwa khona amandla ashintshanayo. Khumbula ukuthi ushintsha amandla asetshenziswa emini nosuku. Amandla kagesi ahlinzekwa ngamaseli elanga ahlala ejwayelekile futhi eqondile. Kodwa-ke, inani lamandla kagesi ohlinzekiwe lizoya ngokuqina kwemisebe yelanga eliwela ngayo kuphaneli yelanga. Ngakho-ke, ukusebenza kwephaneli elanga kuncike kakhulu ekutheni lithola ukukhanya kangakanani. Izisekelo ezahlukahlukene zithi ngokwesikhathi sosuku, isikhathi sonyaka nesimo sezulu samanje.

Amandla wepaneli yelanga

imojuli yelanga

Ukuze siqonde ukuthi ama-solar panel asebenza kanjani, kufanele sazi kahle ukuthi amandla emodyuli yelanga abalwa kanjani. Futhi ukuthi lapho kukalwa amandla, ukusebenza kwamapaneli nakho kufanele kubalwe. Isilinganiso esisetshenziswe ku- Amamojula elanga ayenziwa kuma-watts aphezulu (Wp). Kuyisilinganiso esisetshenziswa njengesethenjwa futhi yiso esisebenza ukukala ukusebenza kwamapaneli ukuze ngemuva kwalokho simise ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwawo.

Kumele kuqondwe ukuthi inani lemisebe yelanga eliwela kuphaneli yelanga liyahlukahluka ngokwesikhathi sosuku nesikhathi sonyaka. Okwamanje okwenziwe kufanele kubalwe ngokusebenzisa ukukhishwa okuningana futhi lokhu kwenza kube nzima ukubala. Ngeke sihlale sikhiqiza inani elifanayo lamandla, ngakho-ke singenza izilinganiso eziqondile noma ezingaphansi. Ukuxazulula le nkinga, kusetshenziswa ama-watts aphezulu. Zimelela ukusebenza okuhlinzekwa ngamapaneli anikezwe imisebe yelanga kanye nokushisa okujwayelekile. Lokhu kwenza kubaluleke lapho usayizi ukufakwa kwe-photovoltaic ukuhlaziya ukuthi mangaki ama-watts aphezulu Kumele zifakwe ukuze zithole amandla okuzisebenzisela okuphezulu kakhulu. Lapho ufaka ipaneli yelanga, zonke izici kufanele zinakwe, njengendawo yezwe, ukuma kophahla nendawo yalo. Ngale ndlela, yonke le datha kufanele ifakwe ukuze kuhlaziywe ukusetshenziswa nokulindelwe futhi kulinganiswe usayizi wokufakwa okuhambisana kangcono nezidingo zalowo nalowo.

Asebenza kanjani amaphaneli elanga: i-taxonomy

iphaneli yelanga

Yize amapaneli elanga eshintshe kakhulu selokhu aqala ukwenziwa, namuhla akhiqizwa ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu ezenza zisebenze kangcono. Ngenxa yalokhu, singakwazi ukwandisa ukusebenza kwakho ngokwanele ukuze amandla elanga abekwe njengenye indawo yamandla, evuselelekayo futhi enenzuzo ngokuphelele esikhathini esifushane nesikhathi esidenoma. Inqubo eyenzeka ngaphakathi kwamangqamuzana elanga kusengumphumela ochazwe ngu-Einstein ngo-1905.

Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuqhathanisa amapaneli asuselwa ku-silicon futhi angahlukaniswa ikakhulukazi ngezigaba eziningana: i-amorphous, i-polycrystalline ne-monocrystalline. Sizohlaziya ukuthi yiziphi izici zohlobo ngalunye lwamapaneli welanga:

  • Amapaneli amorphous: zisetshenziswa kancane kancane ngoba azinaso isakhiwo esichaziwe futhi zilahlekelwa ukusebenza kahle okuningi ezinyangeni zokuqala zokusebenza.
  • Amapaneli wePolycrystalline: Ziqukethe amakristalu ezinhlobonhlobo ezihlukile futhi ahlukaniswa ngokuba nombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Inqubo yokukhiqiza inenzuzo yokuba ishibhile kepha ngobubi bokuba ngumkhiqizo noma kungasebenzi kahle.
  • Amaphaneli we-Monocrystalline: zithathwa njengemikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Lapha amaseli akha iphaneli futhi akhiwa yikristalu elilodwa le-silicon ehlanzekile ephezulu eqiniswa ekushiseni okufana. Ngenxa yalokhu kwakhiwa, banokusebenza okuphezulu nokusebenza kahle futhi bavumela ama-electron ukuthi ahambe ngokukhululeka. Yize inqubo yokukhiqiza ibiza kakhulu, inika amamojula ukusebenza kahle okukhulu.

Izinzuzo zamapuleti e-monocrystalline

Yizona ezinconywe kakhulu ngoba ezangaphambili cishe seziphelelwe yisikhathi. Okuwukuphela kwenzuzo etholwa yi-polycrystallines yintengo ephansi kancane. Ama-monocrystallines anenzuzo yokuba nawo ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu nokusebenza okungcono ezindaweni ezinokukhanya okuncane kwelanga. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukusebenza kahle akulahlekanga noma ngabe izimo zezemvelo zingavumi kangako.

Unethemba lokuthi ngalolu lwazi bangafunda kabanzi ngokuthi ama-solar panel asebenza kanjani nakho konke okwenzayo.


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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.