Amandla we-Wave noma amandla we-wave

Amagagasi olwandle aqukethe inani elikhulu lamandla etholakala emimoyeni, ukuze indawo yolwandle ibonakale njenge- umqoqi omkhulu wamandla omoya.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izilwandle zimunca amandla amakhulu elanga, okubuye kube nomthelela ekuhambeni kwemisinga yolwandle namagagasi.

Amagagasi amagagasi amandla njengoba ngishilo, kukhiqizwa imimoya nokushisa kwelanga, okudluliselwa ebusweni bezilwandle futhi okuqukethe ukunyakaza okuqondile nokumile kwama-molecule wamanzi.

Amanzi aseduze kwendawo awahambi nje kuphela ukusuka phezulu kuye ezansi, ngokuhamba kwesisekelo (kuyingxenye yayo ephezulu kakhulu, imvamisa kugcwele amagwebu) kanye nesinusi (ingxenye ephansi kakhulu yegagasi), kepha, ngokuvuvukala okuncane, ibuye iqhubekele phambili esifubeni segagasi futhi ibuyele emuva esifubeni.

Ngakho-ke ama-molecule ngamanye anokunyakaza okucishe kube yindilinga, ekhuphuka lapho umqhoshongo usondela, bese edlulela phambili nge-crest, yehle lapho isalele emuva, futhi ibuyele emuva ngaphakathi kwegagasi.

La magagasi amandla ebusweni bezilwandle, amagagasi, angahamba izigidi zamakhilomitha nakwezinye izindawo, njengeNyakatho ye-Atlantic, inani lamandla agciniwe lingafinyelela ku-10 KW kuyo yonke imitha yesikwele yolwandle, emele inani elikhulu uma ucabangela ubukhulu bengaphezulu lolwandle.

Izindawo zolwandle ezinamandla amakhulu kakhulu okunqwabelene kumagagasi yilezo zifunda ezingale kwe 30º nobubanzi naseningizimu, lapho imimoya inamandla amakhulu.

Esithombeni esilandelayo ungabona ukuthi ukuphakama kwegagasi kwehluka kanjani ngokuya ngasolwandle ngokuya ngendlela yalo yomhlaba.

Ukuhlanganisa amandla we-wave

Lolu hlobo lobuchwepheshe lwaqale lwasetshenziswa futhi lwasetshenziswa ngawo-1980, futhi belulokhu lwamukelwa kahle, ngenxa yalo izici ezivuselelekayo, nokusebenza kwayo okukhulu ukuqaliswa maduze nje.

Ukuqaliswa kwayo kubuye kusebenze ngokwengeziwe phakathi kwama-latitude 40 ° no-60 ° ngenxa yezimpawu zamagagasi.

Ngalesi sizathu esifanayo, isikhathi eside kube nomzamo wokuguqula ukunyakaza kwamagagasi okumi mpo futhi okuvundlile kube ngamandla angasetshenziswa ngabantu, ikakhulukazi amandla omoya, yize amaphrojekthi nawo enziwe ukuwuguqula ube ukunyakaza komshini.

Kunezinto ezahlukahlukene zamadivayisi ezenzelwe izinhloso ezinjalo, ezingatholwa ku- ogwini, olwandle oluphakeme noma ocwiliswe olwandle.

Njengamanje, la mandla asetshenzisiwe emazweni amaningi athuthukile, ngaleyo ndlela kufinyelelwa izinzuzo ezinkulu emnothweni wamazwe ashiwo, lokhu kungenxa yokuthi amaphesenti aphezulu wamandla ahlinzekwayo maqondana namandla aphelele adingekayo ngonyaka.

Isibonelo:

• E-United States kulinganiselwa ukuthi nxazonke I-55 TWh ngonyaka zithathelwa indawo amandla avela ekuhambeni kwamagagasi. Leli nani liyi-14% yenani lamandla esewonke elifunwa yizwe ngonyaka.
• Futhi ku Europa kuyaziwa ukuthi nxazonke I-280 TWh Zivela emandleni akhiqizwa ukuhamba kwamagagasi onyakeni.

Ama-accumulators we-Onshore wave energy

Ezindaweni lapho imimoya yokuhweba (Le mimoya ivunguza njalo ehlobo, enyakatho Nenkabazwe, nangaphansi ebusika. Ihamba phakathi kwezindawo ezishisayo, isuka ebangeni elingama-30-35 towards ibheke enkabazwe. Iqondiswa kusuka ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu, kuya ezingcindezelweni eziphansi ze-equatorial.) ukunyakaza kumagagasi, ungakwazi yakha idamu elinodonga olutshekile kukakhonkolo obheke olwandle, lapho amagagasi angashibilika khona ukuze anqwabelene echibini eliphakathi kwamamitha ayi-1,5 no-2 ngaphezu kolwandle.

La manzi angaphanjaniswa, avumele ukuthi abuyele olwandle, akhiqize ugesi.

Ukuphakama nokuwa kwamagagasi, kwezinye izindawo lapho lobu buchwepheshe buzosebenza khona, kuncane kakhulu, ngakho-ke ngeke kuveze noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka.

Ezindaweni ezingasogwini lapho amagagasi anamandla amaningi aqoqiwe, amagagasi angaqondiswa ngamabhulokhi kakhonkolo aboshwe olwandle oluvulekile, gxila cishe kuwo wonke amandla egagasi elingaphambili ngamakhilomitha ayi-10 ububanzi endaweni encane amamitha ayi-400 ububanzi.

Amagagasi kuleli cala angaba nobude obungamamitha ayi-15 kuye kwangama-30 lapho ehambela ngasogwini, ngakho-ke amanzi anganqwabelana kalula echibini elisendaweni ephakeme.

Ngokukhiphela la manzi olwandle, ugesi ungakhiqizwa kusetshenziswa imishini ejwayelekile yokuphehla ugesi.

Ukusetshenziswa kokunyakaza kwamagagasi

Kunamadivayisi ahlukahlukene alolu hlobo.

Emfanekisweni olandelayo ungabona eyodwa esetshenzisiwe futhi enikeze imiphumela egculisayo impela.

Luhlelo lokusebenzisa amandla we-wave okusebenza kwawo kulula futhi kuqukethe okulandelayo:

• Igagasi likhuphuka kwakha umfutho womoya ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo esivaliwe. Ngempela kufana nokuthi sicindezela isipontsho.
• Ama-valve "aphoqa" umoya ukuthi udlule ku-turbine ukuze ujike futhi unyakazise i-generator, ikhiqize amandla kagesi.
• Lapho igagasi liyehla liyakhiqiza ukudana emoyeni.
• Ama-valve futhi "aphoqa" umoya ukuthi udlule ku-turbine ngendlela efanayo nasendabeni edlule, lapho i-turbine iqala khona ukujikeleza, ihambisa i-generator iqhubeke nokukhiqiza ugesi.

Lo mgomo ofanayo usetshenziswe kufayela le- Umkhumbi Kaimei inikwa amandla yi-air turbine ecindezelwe, iphrojekthi ehlangene kahulumeni waseJapan kanye ne-International Energy Agency.

Imiphumela yale phrojekthi ibe nemiphumela emihle kakhulu, yize ukusetshenziswa kwayo kungandile.

Kusetshenziswe ubuchwepheshe obufanayo muva nje, kepha kusetshenziswa amabhlogo kakhonkolo amakhulu entantayo, kuphrojekthi eyakhiwe eScotland.

Kunamanye amadivayisi nawo ukuguqula ukunyakaza phezulu naphansi kwegagasi lokukhiqiza ugesi ofana nalokhu:

Isihlenga seCockerell

Lo mshini uqukethe isihlenga esicacisiwe esigobela ukudlula kwamagagasi, ngaleyo ndlela sisebenzise ukuhamba kokushayela ipompo ye-hydraulic.

Idada likaSalter

Okunye okwaziwa kangcono idada leSalter, elenziwa ngochungechunge oluqhubekayo lwemizimba emise okweqanda oluhamba luye phambili luye emuva, lapho "lushaywa" amagagasi.

Isikhwama somoya seLancaste Universityr

Isikhwama somoya siqukethe ithubhu yegumbi lenjoloba eliqiniswe ngamamitha ayi-180 ubude. Njengoba amagagasi ekhuphuka futhi ehla, umoya udonswa ezingxenyeni zesikhwama ukushayela i-turbine.

Isilinda se-University of Bristol

Lesi silinda sinokumiswa okufana nokwomgqomo obekwe ohlangothini lwawo untanta ngokushesha ngaphansi kobuso. Umgqomo ujikeleza ngokuhamba kwamagagasi, kudonsa amaketanga axhumene namaphampu wokubacindezela asendaweni yolwandle.

Ukusetshenziswa okuqondile kokunyakaza kwamagagasi

Sekuhlolwe ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenzisa ngokuqondile ukunyuka phezulu naphansi kwamagagasi.

Omunye wabo, ngokususelwa ekuhambeni kwamahlengethwa nemikhomo, ungawubona kulo mdwebo.

Umgomo wokusebenza ulula kakhulu futhi uqukethe okulandelayo:

• Lapho igagasi likhuphuka futhi licindezela i-fin, engasuswa phakathi kwe-10 ne-15º.
• Okulandelayo, i-fin ifinyelela ekugcineni kohambo futhi igagasi liyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, lapha kukhona ukuqhubekela phezulu ngegagasi ukuthi i-fin iguqule ibuyele emuva.
• Kamuva, lapho igagasi liyehla, lihambisa i-fin phansi bese kwenzeka into efanayo njengasesimweni esedlule.

Uma isikebhe sinezinhlelo zalolu hlobo, siqhutshwa umthelela wamaza ngaphandle kokusebenzisa amandla amancane.

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kwalolu hlelo kube ngokwenelisayo, yize njengasesimweni esedlule, ukusetshenziswa kwaso akukwenziwanga nakho.

Ubuhle nobubi bamandla we-wave

Amandla we-Wave anakho izinzuzo ezinkulu like:

• Kungumthombo we amandla avuselelweko futhi engapheli ngesilinganiso somuntu.
• Umthelela wayo kwezemvelo awukho nhlobo, uma thina ngaphandle kwezinhlelo zokuqongelela amandla egagasi emhlabeni.
• Izindawo eziningi ezisogwini zingaba njalo kufakwe kwizakhiwo zetheku noma kolunye uhlobo.

Ubhekene nalezi zinzuzo ezinakho Okunye ukungalungi, okunye okubaluleke kakhulu yile:

• Izinhlelo zokuqongelela amagagasi amandla emhlabeni angaba namandla umthelela kwezemvelo.
• Cishe ezisebenziseka kuphela emazweni athuthukile, ngoba umbuso wamagagasi ovumayo awutholakali neze ezweni lesithathu; Amandla we-Wave adinga ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kanye nesisekelo sobuchwepheshe esithuthuke kakhulu amazwe ampofu angenawo.
• Amandla we-Wave noma amagagasi akunakubikezelwa ngqo, ngoba amagagasi ancike ezimweni sezulu.
• Eziningi amadivayisi okukhulunyiwe basenezinkinga zokusebenza futhi babhekene nezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi zobuchwepheshe.
• Izikhungo zasogwini zine- umthelela omkhulu wokubuka.
• Ezikhungweni ezingasolwandle kakhulu okuyinkimbinkimbi ukudlulisa amandla akhiqizwa ezweni.
• Izikhungo kufanele ukumelana nezimo ezimbi kakhulu isikhathi eside.
• Amagagasi ane-torque ephezulu nejubane le-angular eliphansi, okumele liguqulwe libe yi-torque ephansi nejubane eliphezulu le-angular, elisetshenziswa cishe kuyo yonke imishini. Le nqubo ine- ukusebenza okuphansi kakhulu, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe bamanje.