Amandla avuselelekayo eSpain

Amandla avuselelekayo eSpain

Amandla avuselelekayo eSpain anikela, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukwehla nokusetshenziswa ekusetshenzisweni nasekukhiqizweni. Njengamanje, awekho amandla enuzi, izitshalo zomjikelezo ezihlanganisiwe, noma amalahle negesi yemvelo obekulindelwe isikhathi eside engakwazi ukukhiqiza amandla amaningi njengokuvuselelwa ngonyaka odlule. Ngokwe-Spanish Electricity Network, imithombo yamandla evuselelekayo eyenziwe ngo-2017 yakhiqiza u-33,7% wawo wonke amandla asetshenzisiwe.

Kulokhu okuthunyelwe uzokwazi i-panorama yamandla avuselelekayo eSpain, kusukela ekusebenzeni kwawo kuze kube yimaphi asetshenziswa kakhulu. Ngabe ufuna ukwazi konke ngakho?

Amandla avuselelekayo eSpain

Ipaki yelanga

Ngaphandle kokuthi i-eneji evuselelekayo idonse kahle eNhlonhlweni yase-Iberia, u-17,4% wamandla asetshenzisiwe usabangelwa izitshalo zamandla kagesi ezishisayo. Ihora elilodwa kwamahora amathathu e-kilowatt akhiqizwa eSpain likhiqize ngokuzimela nangokuhlanzeka. Phakathi kwamandla asetshenziswa kakhulu sithola ilanga, umoya, i-hydro kanye ne-biomass.

Ngenkathi amanzi, ilanga nomoya kusetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla ngezinga elikhulu, i-biomass isetshenziselwe ukushisa izakhiwo ebusika. Ngenxa yalo mthombo ovuselelekayo bangaphakelwa izitofu zepelethi.

Amandla ajwayelekile nezindleko zawo eziphakeme

Imboni kawoyela

Amahora we-kilowatt asele akhiqizwa kugesi yemvelo, amalahle noma izikhungo zamandla enuzi. La mandla akuyona eyomdabu, ngoba, ngokwesibonelo, cishe i-50% ye-uranium ibalulekile eNamibia noma eNiger. Ukusuka lapho sithola uphethiloli wezitshalo zethu zamandla enuzi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kusuka eQatar noma e-Algeria singenisa uhhafu wegesi yemvelo esiyisebenzisayo. Ekugcineni, eLibya, eNigeria naseMpumalanga Ephakathi sikhipha uwoyela omningi.

Lo msuka wamandla wangaphandle usho ukuthi imali engenayo ayiyi eSpain, kepha ihlala ingaphandle. Umnotho waseSpain usebenza uma imali igeleza ngaphakathi ezweni. Lokho wukuthi, uma sikhipha ngaphezu kokungenisa noma sithola izivakashi eziningi ezisebenzisa imali yazo lapha. Konke ukungenisa kunenani: ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-33 asetshenziswe ku-oyela, igesi namalahle. Le mali ilahleka emabhokisini aseSpain futhi iya kwamanye amazwe.

Ebhekene nalesi simo, iSpain incike ngokuphelele kuzintengo ezibekwe ngamanye amazwe igesi yemvelo noma uwoyela. Lokhu kuncika kwamandla kungaphezu kwesilinganiso saseYurophu. Ambalwa amazwe azimele ngokuphelele emandleni, kepha iSpain incike kakhulu emandleni angaphandle. Sichayeke ezimweni zezinye izizwe ezisidayisela amandla nakulowo makethe "ubushiqela".

Inkinga yokuncika kwamandla iya ngokuya iba yimbi kakhulu. Ngokwe-Cores bulletin yakamuva (Corporation for Strategic Reserves of Petroleum Products, Ministry of Energy), phakathi kukaJanuwari no-Okthoba 2017, ukungeniswa kwemikhiqizo yamandla kukhule lapha ngo-18,0%. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukusweleka kwamandla kukhuphuke ngama-30,4%, okufinyelela kuma-euro ayizigidi eziyi-17. Siba nokushoda okukhulu kwamandla, lapho sinamandla amakhulu emhlabeni wezinto ezivuselelekayo.

Yini iSpain eyenzayo ngamandla?

Amafutha kanye nezinto zokubasa ezimbiwa phansi

Ngamandla owathengayo, kukhiqiza kokubili ukubanda nokushisa ezinkambisweni zezimboni. Ziphinde zisebenzele izindlu ezinama-air-condition kanye namahhovisi. Kumele kucatshangwe ukuthi uwoyela usetshenziselwa ukondla yonke imikhumbi yezimoto ezisakazwayo (ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-27 zezimoto zomhlaba kanye nezomoya nezasolwandle). Iphinde isetshenziselwe ukukhiqiza ugesi. Ekhiqizweni lamandla besinensalela kwaze kwaba cishe unyaka, lapho ibhalansi phakathi kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kanye nokungeniswa kwayo bekukuhle.

Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi nantathu yezilinganiso ezilinganisiwe, neminyaka emihlanu ilandelana nokumiswa kokuvuselelwa ezandleni zikahulumeni waseRajoy, ngo-2016 ukwehla kwamandla kwaqala eSpain. Ukuthambekela kokuya ngokuya kuba kubi kuqinisekisiwe ngonyaka we-2017, lapho sangenisa amandla angaphezulu ngama-20% kunango-2016. Yize iFrance nePortugal nazo zilinganise kabi, lezi zokugcina zinomthetho wokuzisebenzisela ukusebenza emakethe.

Ithuba lokuvuselelwa

Ipulazi lomoya eLleida

ESpain inamanani emisebe aphakeme kakhulu kulo lonke elaseYurophu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sinesibalo esiphezulu sabavakashi emlandweni futhi besihlala ezinyangeni zika-Agasti ngamazinga okushisa angama-45 degrees. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ukuncika kwethu emandleni kuyaqhubeka nokwanda kakhulu. Sinezinsizakusebenza eziningi eSpain kanye newindi elikhulu lamathuba. Isimo somoya esisetshenziswe ngezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu besinganikezwa amandla yilanga. Ilanga lingaba elingaxoleli futhi likhathale njengoba liphana ngamandla. Kodwa bekungenjalo. Abathengisi bangaphandle bahlomulile kulezi ziqongo zamandla, ikakhulukazi lezo zegesi yemvelo.

Ngaphandle kwezimo zamandla esihlala kuzo nsuku zonke eSpain, ipaki evuselelekayo efakiwe isho ukuthi singaba nekhilowutha elilodwa kwamathathu lamandla ahlanzekile. Lokhu kuyimpumelelo uma kubhekwa izimo ezinamandla esibhekene nazo. Akukho okunye futhi okungaphansi kuka-1% wawo wonke amandla akhiqizwa yimithombo engangcolisi nemithombo yomdabu.

Umxube wamandla waseSpain

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-reactor ayisikhombisa enuzi asasebenza abhekele ukukhiqiza ama-kilowatts angama-22,6%. Lokhu kusho ukuthi impahla engenisiwe evela eNamibia ithathe ingxenye yesibili yomkhiqizo. Igesi ikhiqize okucishe kufane, uma sifaka umjikelezo ohlanganisiwe, u-13,8%, kanye namaphuzu ayi-11,5 wokuzihlanganisa. Iningi lezindawo zokuzibandakanya eSpain zisebenza ngegesi. Amalahle akhiqize kuphela i-17,4% yamahora we-kilowatt.

Njengoba kungabonakala ekuxubeni kwamandla kagesi eSpain, ngaphandle kokuthi izinto ezivuselelekayo zimisiwe selokhu uhulumeni waseRajoy, badlula abanye. Amandla avuselelekayo eSpain kufanele aholele izwe ekuguqulweni kwamandla ngoba, kungekudala noma nini, uphethiloli wezinto ezimbiwa phansi uzobiza kakhulu ngenxa yokuphela kwawo. Ngiyethemba ohulumeni bazosebenza ngayo. Kuyihlazo impela ukuthi amandla amaningi ayachithwa, yize enamandla amakhulu.


Yiba ngowokuqala ukuphawula

Shiya umbono wakho

Ikheli lakho le ngeke ishicilelwe. Ezidingekayo ibhalwe nge *

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  1. Ubhekele imininingwane: Miguel Ángel Gatón
  2. Inhloso yedatha: Lawula Ugaxekile, ukuphathwa kwamazwana.
  3. Ukusemthethweni: Imvume yakho
  4. Ukuxhumana kwemininingwane: Imininingwane ngeke idluliselwe kubantu besithathu ngaphandle kwesibopho esisemthethweni.
  5. Isitoreji sedatha: Idatabase ebanjwe yi-Occentus Networks (EU)
  6. Amalungelo: Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ungakhawulela, uthole futhi ususe imininingwane yakho.